64 
natural history. (Minerals.) 
[north 
alumina with mechanically admixed sulphate of lime : it must not be 
confounded with another substance, also called aluminite or alum-stone, 
(alunite of some mineralogists,) from Tolfa, &c., which is a basic sul¬ 
phate of alumina and potassa. 
In the small Table opposite Table Case 54 are placed some speci¬ 
mens of lazurite (lasurstein , or lapis lazuli), which furnishes the valuable 
pigment called ultra-marinethe hailyne, and a few other of the im¬ 
perfectly known silicates of soda, lime, and alumina combined with 
sulphates. 
Case 56. Arsenious acid and arseniates .* the former (also called 
arsenic-bloom , or octahedral oxide of arsenic) is frequently confounded 
with arseniateof lime, and the white octahedral crystals of it, often seen in 
collections on realgar and orpiment, are generally artificially produced in 
the interior of mines.—The arseniates in this Glass Case are : — arseniate 
of lime, called pharmacolite, chiefly in white acicular crystals, from Wit- 
tichen in Suabia, and Riegelsdorf in Hessia.— Arseniate of iron or phar - 
macosiderite, which occurs only crystallized, chiefly in cubes (whence Wer¬ 
ner’s name of Wurfel-ertz), from Cornwall, from San-Antonio-Pereira, 
Brazil, on hydrous oxide of iron, &c. ;— skorodite , a substance which 
appears to be closely allied to Bournon’s cupreous arseniate of iron— 
also the beudantite of Livy, a mineral from Horhausen or the Rhine, 
is said to be pharmacosiderite.— Arseniates of copper, chiefly from 
Cornwall, consisting of the foliated arseniate or copper-mica, the 
lenticular arseniate or liroconite, and the olivenite , or olive-ore of 
Werner, which are formed into five species by Bournon, but their 
exact composition remains still to be ascertained by exact chemical 
analyses. The euchroite also belongs to these, and the kupferschaum 
of Werner, at least that from Falkenstein in Tyrol: some other 
varieties bearing that name appearing to be referable to carbonates 
of copper and of zinc.— Arseniate of cobalt, or red cobalt ( erytlirine, 
Beud.), comprising the earthy ( cobalt crust) -and the radiated ( co¬ 
balt-bloom ) varieties, from Salfeld, Allemont, Sec. — Arseniate of 
nickel. 
Case 57. Among the various phosphates deposited in this Case may 
be particularized— phosphate of iron, Werner’s vivianite, in variously- 
grouped crystals (from Bodenmais in Bavaria, from Cornwall, from Fer¬ 
nando Po, &c.), massive and pulverulent: among the specimens of 
the latter are the massive variety of New Jersey, and several earthy 
blue varieties in clay, peat, wood, &c. : the chalcosiderite of Ullmann, 
the pittiate of Hausmann, to which also appears to belong Breithaupt’s 
diadochite, Werner’s green iron earth, and Thomson’s mullicite, are like¬ 
wise phosphates of iron.— Phosphate of manganese oxtriplite, from Chan- 
teloube, near Limoges, in the department of Haute Vienne in France, 
where several other mineral substances have lately been found, the essen¬ 
tial component parts of which are iron, manganese, and phosphoric acid. 
— Triphyline, a phosphate of iron, manganese, and lithia;— del - 
vauxite, &c.— Phosphate of copper, of which the best characterized 
species are—the octahedral, or libetheniet, from Libethen in Hungary; 
and the prismatic, or rhenite, from Rheinbreitenbach, where it occurs 
with quartz which sometimes passes into calcedony.—The lagilite of 
Hermann, a hydrous phosphate of copper, from the Ural.— Phosphate 
of oxide of uranium: —the yellow uranite or uran-mica from Autin, 
