8 
AMERICAN AGrRICULTTJRIST, 
[January, 
cheese was mostly of American make, except a very in¬ 
teresting collection contributed by Messrs. H. K. & F. B. 
Thurber, of New York, and a few samples sent over by a 
London dealer; we observed no foreign dairy implements. 
The arrangement of the exhibits was excellent. A 
great pyramid of cheese stood on each side of the hall; 
one of them forming a portion of the exhibit of H. K. & 
F. B. Thurber is illustrated on our first page. Samples 
of hermetically sealed butter, of which the IT. S. Army 
last year bought 20,000 packages, were also exhibited by 
this firm. The other pyramid contained ten tons of 
Western and Vermont cheese, that from Vermont taking 
the first prize over all American brands. Two cheese 
factories and creameries were in full operation, illustrat¬ 
ing all the processes. Jones, Faulkner & Co., of Utica, 
N. Y., furnished the machinery for one of these, and 
made an attractive exhibit. Messrs. Whitman & Bur¬ 
rell, Little Falls, N. Y., illustrated in an interesting 
manner their “ skim milk process ” of making butter 
and cheese, going through the various processes as at a 
regular factory. The milk was weighed, run into the 
setting tank, heated up to 140 degrees, then rapidly 
cooled off. When the cream separated, the milk was 
drawn off from under it and run into the cheese vat. 
The cream was churned in a Blanchard factory churn, 
and the buttermilk mixed with the skim-milk, and both 
then made into cheese. Putting in the rennet and color¬ 
ing matter, cutting the curd, and all the processes on to 
the gang press, in which a dozen or more cheese are 
pressed at a time, were watched by an interested crowd. 
This firm exhibited every article they manufacture or 
deal in. The “ Economizer ” engine which run the 
factory machinery is worthily gaining in popularity. 
As an example of the enormous extent of the cheese 
manufacture in this country, Messrs. Whitman & Burrell 
sold in 1878 about 500,000 rennets, each of which is 
sufficient for 350 to 400 lbs. of cheese. 
City people unfamiliar with the way in which those 
necessary articles, butter and cheese, are made, watched 
with interest the processes of manufacture, and will but¬ 
ter their bread and eat their cheese with more than a 
gustatory interest hereafter, and we hope will eat more 
of both. Farmers with their wives, sons and daughters, 
examined interestedly the various appliances, which, 
with the view of the great extent of the industry that 
the exhibition gave, will enhance their ideas of their call¬ 
ing, and we hope teach tiiem to reap larger profits from 
their work by use of improved methods and apparatus. 
A new oscillating churn, the “ Davis,” was shown in 
operation by the Vermont Farm Machine Co. It is made 
of wood, and is thus free from the objection of butter 
sticking to its sides, and from the method of hanging it 
in a horse-iike frame, it is easy to operate. A prominent 
dairyman remarked that the butter he took from this 
churn was as well made as any he ever saw from any 
churn. This concern also showed the Cooley Creamer, 
well known to our readers, and a new butter worker 
that works all the butter, and has no grooves or slots 
in which the butter can lodge. It is claimed that the ob¬ 
jection once made against the Cooley Creamer that the 
butter made from it would not keep, is now overcome by 
letting the milk stand 12 to 24 hours exposed to the air 
in order to let it ripen before churning. 
The butter worker of A. II. Reid. Philadelphia, was ex¬ 
hibited in operation. This machine is held in high 
esteem by many good dairymen. 
Forty-five tons of Ashton’s F. F. Salt in one pile made 
a conspicuous object near the center of the hall. This 
was the special exhibit of F. D. Moulton & Co., who are 
the agents here for this celebrated brand of salt. H. K. 
& F. B. Thurber made a large exhibit of Higgins’ Salt, 
for which they are agents, and for which they claim 
superiority. There is a lively competition between 
these two brands. 
Wells, Richardson & Co., Burlington, Vt., exhited their 
Perfected Butter Color. Samples of butter were shown 
by them from A. W. Cheever, of Mass., colored with this 
material. This butter sells for 85 cents per pound in 
Boston. He makes no secret of using it, and considers 
it an excellent article. W. R. & Co. offered $25 premium 
for the best butter colored with their article. 
The butter coloring of Mrs. B. Smith, Philadelphia, 
occupied a table. It is claimed that this article has less 
odor than any other, and it is endorsed by good dairymen. 
Chas. Hansen’s Laboratory exhibited “ liquid rennet 
extract,” and cheese and butter coloring. These prepara¬ 
tions, originating in Denmark, are endorsed by L. B 
Arnold and other dairy authorities here and abroad. 
The Dairy Supply Co., N. Y., made a creditable display 
of thevr Pendulum Churn, the “Perfect Milk Pail,” and 
other dairy appliances. Among other well known dairy 
apparatus were the “Lily Butter Worker,” “Bullard’s 
Oscillating Churn,” and “Blanchard’s Churn,” etc. 
In the cattle pens were some choice animals from the 
herds of S. M. & D. Wells, Wethersfield, Ct., 3Ayrshires; 
Wm. Crozier, Northport, L. I. ; Win. Taber, Patterson, 
N. Y., 2 Red Polled Norfolks; and Devons, Dnrhams, 
and Dutch stock from various sources. Mr. Crozier 
6howed 7 Ayrshire cows and a very fine bull, 8 Jersey 
cows, and a bull, and one Guernsey cow. 
The display of butter and cheese was large and excel¬ 
lent; that from the West especially made a fine showing, 
comprising a large proportion of the whole. It enforced 
the fact of the immense resources of the West, and par¬ 
ticularly when it is remembered that the dairying of that 
region is little more than beginning its development. 
Sundry Humbugs. 
As a matter of course, 
many New Readers begin 
with the new year, and it 
seems necessary to say a 
word to these on the Hum¬ 
bug Column, and the man¬ 
ner in which it is conducted. 
Many years ago, when Mr. 
Judd was sole proprietor 
and Editor of the American 
Agriculturist, he found at 
conspicuous points and in 
the business parts of the 
city various mock-auction 
shops and other traps set 
especially to catch those 
•countrymen who visited the 
city on business or pleasure. 
The swindling games were 
carried on openly, and if 
not in defiance of, at least 
without molestation from 
the then inefficient police. So many cases of fraud came 
to his knowledge, and in so many instances did the vic¬ 
tims who were farmers appeal to him for redress, that he 
began to warn people against such shops, and to expose 
their methods. This naturally led to the exposure of 
other frauds, especially those directed towards farmers, 
and long before any other paper gave any attention to 
such matters, its Humbug Column became a feature of 
the American Agriculturist. So much for the origin. As 
to the present and future we propose to expose here and 
warn people in general, but especially farmers and those 
who live in rural communities, against 
ALL FRAUDULENT SCHEMES, 
no matter how cunningly conceived, or how plausible 
they may appear in their presentation. This is not a 
pleasant task, as it brings us to the knowledge of the 
worst phases of human nature, and only the conviction 
that our work is necessary and useful, induces us to con¬ 
tinue in it. It is not our own estimate, but the freely ex¬ 
pressed opinions of others, that the labors of the Ameri¬ 
can Agriculturist in this direction have saved the country 
MANY MILLIONS OF DOLLARS 
by its timely warnings against and exposures of frauds. 
We have similar acknowledgments frequently by mail, and 
as they are made to us personally whenever we travel, 
we are encouraged to continue In the course. It is a very 
common thing, to receive a letter with a brief, one-sided 
statement, asking us to show up so and so as a fraud 
Such letters are not noticed; we only expose those 
schemes that we regard as public nuisances, and evils 
which the public good requires should be suppressed, 
and wish it to be distinctly understood that these col¬ 
umns cannot be used to redress private wrongs, or to 
gratify personal resentment.While we find nothing 
especially fresh in our New-Year’s budget, the old affairs 
appear to be brisk, and we suppose that this may be 
taken as a “ revival of trade.” For the benefit of new 
readers we briefly enumerate a few prominent features. 
“ CLARK & CO., ADJUSTERS OF CLAIMS,” 
continue to send letters beginning, “Is this your signa¬ 
ture?” The letter contains the recipient’s real signa¬ 
ture, cut from some letter or document. The methods of 
Clark & Co. have already been shown in these columns, 
and we have given their letters, etc., in full; but as this 
was nearly a year ago, and the concern seems to be still 
active, we answer many inquiries by giving an outline of 
the affair in brief. Clark & Co. inform the recipient of 
the letter that “ the money you sent in the letter from 
which the enclosed slip has been clipped, was invested ” 
in certain mining stock, “ valued at $500,” which they, 
Clark & Co., will, on learning that they have the real 
owner of the signature, receive and forward.—Note the 
ingenuity of this: If one—and it appears there are many 
who do it, in the hope of getting stock “ valued at $500,” 
—enters into correspondence with Clark & Co., he admits 
that which he knows to be false. He knows that he has 
not sent any money in the letter from which the enclosed 
slip has been “ clipped,” or in any other manner; still 
the temptation is too much for some. If one writes C. & 
Co., they inform them that the “ charge for adjusting ” is 
$5, which he is requested to remit. If he does this and 
receives the “ stock,” he will have paid $5 for a very use¬ 
ful lesson ; though his stock be worth nothing. He was, in 
the hope of gain, willing to admit, and thus by implication 
subscribe to that which he knew to be false, and has paid' 
$5 for an apparently much needed example of the truth that 
“ HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY.” 
There is nothing on which we have more inquiries 
than on stock speculations. The country is flooded with, 
circulars of parties hailing from Wall Street, each claim¬ 
ing to have special facilities for doing business, and 
showing that a small investment is nearly sure to yield a 
large return. The schemes are plausible, but ready 
money is cautious, and scores write us, asking about the 
parties and for advice. In the several inquiries we have 
made we have found that none of the parties sending the 
circulars were members of the Board of Brokers, and were 
consequently not known to the regular business men of 
the street. Our advice has been, and is given now, that 
we may not be asked to repeat it every month in the- 
year,—No matter who send the circulars, or how plainly 
it is shown that you must win if you play—for it is only a. 
form of gambling— 
“let all stock speculations alone.” 
The business, when honestly conducted, is too risky 
for any one who has earned his money, to invest in it. 
These circulars present but one side; they do not give- 
the reverse ; they do not tell of the robberies, the defal¬ 
cations, the -embezzlements and forgeries, that are di¬ 
rectly due to attempts to cover losses in just such games 
as these circulars invite you to.We have not space tO' 
designate them—but there is but one thing to do with 
the various and almost innumerable 
“ distributions, gift enterprises,” 
or by whatever name the particular lottery is called—that 
is— let them alone. We make no exceptions in favor of 
Cincinnati Art, Chicago Pottery, New York Jewelry, or 
Town lots In Western cities, no matter if Mayors, Bank. 
Presidents, Generals or Justices support the thing. An 
honestly drawn lottery is a wrong, and very, very few are 
honestly conducted. The ticket buyers pay their full pro¬ 
portion of a sum, the half or more of which is taken out 
of the “pool ” for somebody, or something else, and so,, 
at best, they pay a full dollar for a chance at half a dollar.. 
The chances of getting anything are too small to ever 
warrant the trial. The human mind is so constructed, so 
to speak, that it is positively dangerous for one to make 
the first investment in a lottery ticket; it is a step on a 
downward road that few ever retrace.... The miner who, 
in the early days of California, turned highwayman, and 
gave it as an excuse that “ he preferred to mine his gold 
already coined,” should have lived in the days of 
“THE CHEYENNE MINING CO.,” 
when even buying the stock, gives one a kind of gold— 
“Imitation Gold’’—already made into a watch. The- 
“shares” are only $5 each, and whoever buys two, can 
have an “Imitation Gold Watch;” whoever invests in 
three shares, can have an “ Imitation Enameled Gold 
Watch,” and so up along. This is mining as is mining 
.... It gives us grief to state that 
JONES HAS NOT FOUND HIS COUSIN. 
Poor Henry P. is rampaging, by letter, all over the coun¬ 
try after those cousins of bis. Jones is the most be-cous- 
ined person we ever heard of, and every month shows 
that he has lost—or. at least, can’t find—numerous cousins- 
with numerous names. We gave an account of Jones’ 
bereavement a while ago. Jones sends letters—very nice 
specimens of lithography they are too—informing that 
he saw the name of the one receiving the letter, in the 
“ U. S. Directory”—Jones had a cousin “bearing the 
same name,” who at the end of the war left his regiment,, 
etc. “ If you are my cousin,” Jcnes pathetically says, 
“ I can do you a favor and you can help me.” Jones will 
send his cousin a ticket that will surely draw a prize in 
a lottery, and the cousin has only to show the prize and 
sell tickets. In short, act as “ stool pigeon” for Jones’ 
lottery, in which Jones can “ so arrange it that yon (the 
cousin), will draw a prize ”—who wouldn’t be Jones’ 
cousin ? He has 'em in Pa., Md., Mass., N. J., R. I., and 
we don't know how many more States—indeed so many 
that he doesn’t always remember the names. One would 
suppose that even with so many cousins, if one had the 
unusual name of Peffard, Jones could recollect it—but he 
goes and calls him “ Pippard.” We can only account for 
this by the great grief that must overwhelm him in losing 
so much cousin. We give Jones credit for having one 
name right. He doesn’t write it Smyth, Smithe, nor 
Sammith—but just straight ahead Smith. We have no 
doubt he will find this cousin.... A concern is sending out 
its circulars of 
GOLD PLATE JEWELRY, 
claiming to have its manufactory at “ Cortlandt, on the 
Hudson, N. Y.” There is no such factory at that place ... 
We have often cautioned, and at the beginning of the* 
year repeat the caution, against 
CHEAP ILLUMINATING OILS, 
no matter by what name they may be called. Chaps are 
all over the country selling recipes for making cheap oils 
for burning. They pretend to show that the liquids are 
safe, by the fact that they extinguish a burning match. 
