450 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[November, 
by tying the cuttings in bundles, and puddling 
them in thin mud for half their lower length. These 
are to be set in a cold-frame, upside down , fine earth 
sprinkled in among the bundles, and earth over the 
cuttings to the depth of four inches. When it be¬ 
gins to freeze, the frame is tilled up with straw or 
leaves, and covered with boards. In spring, the 
boards are taken off, the mulch removed, glass put 
on, and the heat of the sun will soon cause roots 
to start, when the cuttings must be set out. 
Strawberry Beds should have their covering put 
on as soon as the ground begins to freeze. Use 
straw, salt-hay, marsh-hay, or leaves, placing it 
thickly between the plants, but put it on lightly 
directly over them, as too much smothers. 
Siitchen and Market Gardeti. 
Do now whatever the weather will permit to aid 
in the hurry of spring. So soon as the ground is 
cleared of a crop, remove the rubbish, manure and 
plow. It is best to not barrow after plowing at 
this season, but leave it rough, as the exposure of 
the ridged surface to the weather makes the soil of 
a better texture, especially if at all clayey and heavy. 
Asparagus. —Cover the bed with a coat of coarse 
manure. If not already dODe, burn the tops, as 
asparagus as a weed is a nuisance to be avoided. 
Cold Frames are not for growing the plants, but 
for protecting them in a dormant state through the 
winter. The sashes should not be put on until 
freezing weather sets in, which, in the latitude of 
New York, is generally not until the last of the 
month. Where the temperature is above freezing, 
and the sashes are on, they should be tilted up, that 
there may be a circulation of air among the plants. 
Cellars in which roots are stored should be kept 
cool, or the roots will shrivel and lose their fresh¬ 
ness. Roots keep fresher in pits, or when covered 
with earth in the cellar. The supply for present 
use may be kept in barrels or boxes of sand in the 
house cellar, and replenished from the pits as 
needed. See last month’s Notes for making pits. 
Cabbages. —Leave out until heavy frosts, and the 
ground is about to freeze; then pull and place 
heads down in rows, and cover the heads with a 
few inches of earth. Where there are many, a plow 
may be used in covering them. Two furrows turned 
upon the heads will do the bulk of the work, and 
the spade and hoe will finish the covering. A com¬ 
mon method in family gardens is to dig a trench, 
where water will not stand, a little deeper than the 
hight of the cabbages. Set the cabbages in the 
trench close together, with what earth adheres to 
the roots. As the weather gets cold, put on a little 
straw, and when winter fairly sets in, complete the 
covering to several inches of straw, and put boards 
over the whole. Soft heads thus stored will be¬ 
come hard and excellent by spring. 
Celery should be stored before the ground freezes 
hard ; dig a trench in a dry place, a foot or so wide, 
and deep enough to bring the tops on a level with 
the soil. Set in plants closely, side by side, with no 
earth between. After the trench is filled, cover at 
first only with a small amount of straw, and add to 
the covering as the cold increases, until it is about a 
foot thick. To prevent rain from entering, boards 
may be put over the straw lengthwise of the trench. 
Parsnips. —A portion for present use may be dug 
and stored in sand in the cellar, the rest can remain 
in the ground, as freezing not only does not injure, 
but improves them. Others may be dug in January. 
Parsley may be grown for winter use by boring 
numerous holes in the side of a keg; a crown of 
parstey is put at each hole, the roots extending in¬ 
side the keg, which is gradually filled with soil. 
The tops grow out of the holes. The keg may be 
placed in a sunny window, and when properly wa¬ 
tered, makes an ornament as well as furnishes a 
good crop of parsley when green things are scarce. 
Carrots and Beets.— Dig before they have been 
frozen, aud store as directed for other roots. 
Turnips , being less injured by frosts than beets 
and carrots, may be left until the last, when they 
must be dug and pitted, or put in the cellar. 
I'Iowkv tiarden and Lawn. 
The lawn should go into winter quarters with a 
long coat of grass ; hence late mowing is not ad¬ 
visable. Only the most finely composted manure 
should be applied to the lawn. So great is the 
danger of weed seeds in the manure that we prefer 
to rely upon ashes, guano, nitrate of soda, and 
similar fertilizers, as the sources of the plant food. 
Bulbs that arc to be housed for the winter should 
be taken up before the ground freezes. The ear¬ 
lier hardy ones, as the Hyacinths, Tulips, and 
the other Dutch bulbs are planted the better. 
Leaves .-—The lawn and paths should be raked 
after the leaves have fallen, and the refuse used as 
a litter or protection for tender plants ; it improves 
the grounds, and furnishes a valuable covering. 
Evergreens. —At this time of the year when the 
flowers and deciduous leaves are gone, the ever¬ 
greens show to the best advantage. A diversity of 
form and variety in shades of green is very pleas¬ 
ing, and the shrubs, when planting, should be ar¬ 
ranged with reference to winter effect. 
Winter Protection. —The large bundles of straw 
bound tightly about half hardy shrubs are not so 
common now as formerly, as they are not neces¬ 
sary. A few evergreen boughs sufficient to break 
the sharp winds and to afford shade, are found to 
answer the purpose, and at the same time avoid 
the danger of smothering the plants protected. 
New Beds and Paths may be laid out, and much 
like work done after the care of the plants is ended. 
Weeds. —Any large weeds found in the lawn should 
be removed, which can be best done by the aid of 
an old chisel furnished with a long handle. 
Greenhouse and Window Plants. 
Bulbs may be grown in sand, moss, or in water; 
but rich soil in pots is the best medium. The bulbs 
should be put in the pots at once, aud placed in 
a dark, cool room or cellar for several weeks to 
form good strong roots. Water if needed. 
Plants from the Garden should have a period of 
rest, with very little water; those to be forced, as 
perennial Candy-tuft, Deutzia, Dicentra, and oth¬ 
ers, may remain in a cool cellar until mid-winter. 
Watering .—This is an important part of success¬ 
ful plant culture. The pots should be provided 
with proper drainage by putting in a plenty of 
broken pieces of pots or oyster-shells. A good 
thorough wetting when water is needed is better 
than keeping the surface moist by frequently pour¬ 
ing on a little water. With good drainage, there is 
but little risk from over-watering. In watering in 
rooms, use water of the temperature of the air. 
Hanging Baskets should be hung where they can 
have an abundance of light and sunshine, and not 
near the stove or over a register. They should be 
turned around every day or so, if the light comes 
mostly from one side, or the plants grow to one side. 
Climbers add very much to the beauty of a green¬ 
house or window. English Ivy, Tropaeolum, Ger¬ 
man or Parlor Ivy, etc., are useful for this purpose. 
Annuals.— Sweet Alyssum and Mignonette should 
be sown in succession to give a supply for cutting. 
Insects. —If found on the plants in the house, 
they should be destroyed at once by means of to¬ 
bacco water or soap-suds. An old tooth-brush may 
be used on hard-wooded plants. Crush the Mealy 
Bug by the use of a small pointed stick of soft wood, 
or give it a drop of alcohol from a small brush. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The followin': condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist , 
from our record kept daily during the year, show at a 
glance the transactions for the month ending Oct. 13 th, 
1879, and for the corresponding period last year: 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TIIK NEW YOUK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheal. Corn. Hue. Harley. Oats 
2Rd’s this m’l.)i..5l>l,0n0 0,104,000 7.043,000 582,000 497,000 1,140,000 
27 (IV last m’lh. .426,500 0,268,000 4,209,000 489,000 206,000 1,287,000 
Sai.es. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Hue. Harley. Oats. 
28 d’s t//fsm’li607.000 21,156,000*1",265,000* 851,000 152,000 2,OS7,000 
27 d’s last m’h485.0n0 19,130,000* 7.124,000* 601,000 14,000 1,835,000 
* Including sales for forward delivery. 
12. Comparison with same per Uni at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Harley. Oats. 
28 davs 1879..561,000 9,101,0011 7.043.000 582,000 497,000 1.146,000 
26 days 1878..462,000 7,782,000 5,413,000 605,000 508,000 2,311,000 
Sai.es. Flour. Wheat. Corn Hue. Harley. Oats. 
28 days 1879. .607,000 21,156,000 10,265,00 1 851.000 152,000 2,087,000 
27 days 1818 507,000 11,154,000 7,845,000 617.000 312,000 2,211,600 
3. Exports from Neuj York. Jan. 1, to Oct. 10. 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Harley. Oats. Peas. 
Iibls. bush. bush, bush. hush. bush. hush. 
’79.2,611,000 51,473.004 28,815,0003.504.000 131,000 501,000 281,000 
’78.1,892,300 41,971,000 22,847,4003,421,55:11,516,2102,980,300315,200 
’77.1,105,200 10,662,600 19.981,250 1,632,300 803.250 157.000 190,800 
’76.1,517,090 20,121,369 14,215,477 816,174 39,392 460,481 470,830 
’75.1,442,211 20,631,499 10,700,680 154,510 225 104,323 240,832 
4. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Halt. 
bush. hush. hush. hush. hush, hush 
Oct. 14,’79..2,512,138 2,520,780 86,753 41,079 598,063 212,672 
Oct. 7,’78.. 1,763,708 1,485,046 199,918 200,275 1,216,564 125,764 
CURRENT \VIIOI.ESAl.E PRICKS. 
Sept. 15. Oct. 14. 
Flour—S uper to Extra Stale *4 00 
© 5 00 
45 10 
(& 6 25 
•• Super lo Extra South'll. 
4 00 
© 6 75 
5 10 
(S 7 75 
Fxtra Genesee. 
5 00 
© 6 25 
5 75 
@ 7 00 
Stinerline Western . 
4 OD 
© 4 50 
5 10 
© 5 60 
'• Extra Western . 
4 50 
® S 50 
5 50 
@ 9 00 
“ “ Minnesota. 
4 50 
@ 8 00 
5 50 
@ 9 00 
Rye Flour, Superfine_ 
3 25 
@ 4 00 
3 75 
@ 4 50 
Corn-M kai. 
2 15 
(ft 2 75 
2 45 
@ 3 25 
Oat Meal, $ bbl. 
8 50 
@ 6 25 
4 00 
© 6 50 
Wheat—A ll kinds of White. 
1 00 
@ 1 17 
1 25 
© 1 48 
Red ami Amber. 
98 
@ 1 16 
1 20 
(S 1 40 
Spring. 
80 
@ 1 10 
1 15 
@ 1 37 
Corn—Y ellow . 
49 
@ 59 
53 
© 65 
White. 
49 
@ 18 
58 
© 65 
Mixed . . 
48 
© 49 
55 
@ 57% 
Oats. 
32 
@ 40 
37 
© 45 
Rye . . 
66 
@ 70 
85 
© 88 
Baiii.e v . 
80 
@ 1 15 
80 
@ 1 00 
Hay—B ale, 19 100 Iks . 
45 
® 85 
45 
@ 85 
Straw, 19 100 Iks. 
35 
@ 05 
30 
@ 65 
Cotton— Middlings, V Ik . 
12%® 12% 
10%@ 10% 
Hot’S—Crop ol 1879. 19 lb. 
28 
@ 36 
28 
@ 37 
1878, $ ft. 
7 
@ IS 
7 
@ 18 
olds, $ Ik. 
3 
@ 10 
4 
@ 10 
I'bathers— hive Geese, ill Ik 
35 
@ 47X 
35 
@ 47 X 
Seed.—C lover, West. & St.THlk 
0¥@ 8 
7^© 8& 
• • Timothy, iff bushel .... 
2 50 
® - 
2 15 
@ 2 35 
’* Flax, iff bushel. 
1 35 
@ 1 40 
1 35 
@ 1 37% 
I'ouacco. Kentucky, &c., ill ft. 
2X@ 12 
2 X® 12 
■' Seed Leal, lf< it. 
5 
@ 40 
5 
@ 40 
Wool—D omestic Fleece, 18 ft 
20 
@ 42 
22 
@ 45 
•' Domestic, pulled, 18 ft .. 
18 
@ 38 
22 
@ 45 
•' Calilornia. 
15 
® 30 
15 
@ 33 
I’ali.ow, 18 Ik . 
55f@ 514 
. 5 6% 
Oil-Cake— 18 ton. 
27 00 
@27 50 
28 50 
@28 75 
Poke—M ess, iff barrel . 
9 00 
@ 9 20 
9 95 
@10 25 
Exlra Prime, i8 barrel. 
8 25 
@ 8 50 
8 50 
@ 9 00 
Beef—E xtra mess. 
11 50 
@12 00 
11 25 
@12 00 
La up. in tres. & 1 ibis, 18 100 ft 
6 07X@ 6 55 
0 05 
@ 6 85 
Butter—S tirte, ?< lk. 
6 
@ 21 
12 
@ 27 
•' Western.poor to fey, lb. 
6 
@ 19 
10 
@ 27 
Cheese.. . ... 
3 
@ IX 
5 
@ 12 
Eggs—F resh, IP dozen. 
12 
@ 17 
17 
@ 19 
Poultry—F owls, ¥ ft. 
9 
© 15 
10 
® 13 
Chickens. 18 S>. 
9 
@ 17 
10 
@ 14 
*• Roosters, $ lb. 
5 
@ 7 
5 
@ 7 
Turkeys—4R lk. 
11 
@ 15 
10 
@ 13 
Geese, ft pair.. 
1 00 
@ 2 00 
1 00 
@ 1 50 
Ducks, 1ft pair. 
40 
@ 60 
40 
(S 50 
*i». 
10 
@ 12% 
10 
@ 16 
Capons, ?! lb. 
18 
@ 25 
18 
@ 25 
Woodcock,?! pair. 
75 
@ 70 
50 
@ 60 
Partridge, 18 pair. 
90 
@ 1 25 
50 
@ 1 00 
Snipe, per doz". 
00 
@ 2 00 
50 
@ 1 50 
Pigeons. $ doz. 
75 
@ 1 75 
1 25 
@ 2 37X 
Grouse, $pair. 
87X@ 1 00 
75 
@ 1 00 
Apples, 18 barrel. 
75 
@ 2 25 
75 
@ 1 75 
Pears, 18 hhl. 
1 00 
@ 4 00 
1 50 
© 5 50 
$ crate. 
— 
© — 
— 
@ - 
Quinces, @ bbl. 
— 
@ — 
2 00 
@ 5 00 
Grapes, $ ft. 
2 
@ 9 
3 
@ 8 
?! case. ... 
3 00 
@ 3 50 
3 00 
@ 3 50 
Crab Apples, per bbl. 
— 
® - 
2 50 
© 3 00 
Plums, $ bbl.. 
3 00 
© 8 00 
5 00 
@10 00 
Potatoes. $ hhl. 
1 00 
@ 1 25 
1 00 
@ 1 25 
Sweet, ?! bbl. 
1 50 
© 2 75 
1 00 
@ 2 00 
Turnips hhl. 
40 
@ 1 00 
75 
@ 1 00 
Tomatoes, & box. 
15 
@ 25 
25 
@ 40 
Beans— 18 bushel. 
1 20 
@ 2 00 
1 30 
@ 1 75 
Teas—C anada, in bond. $ bu 
.0 
@ — 
'<0 
@ - 
•• new, green, $ bag.. 
1 25 
@ 2 00 
1 25 
@ 1 75 
Corn, Green 1ft 100. 
25 
@ 1 00 
35 
@ 1 00 
Lima Beans, 18 bag. 
1 00 
@ 1 50 
1 00 
@ 1 75 
String Beans, $ hag. 
50 
@ 1 01) 
60 
@ 1 00 
Broom-corn. 
214® 6 % 
‘2%@ 6X 
Carrots, 18 100 hunches. 
75 
@ 1 50 
1 00 
@ - 
Beets, new, 18 100 hunches... 
1 00 
© 1 75 
75 
@ 1 25 
Cabbages—?! 100. . 
1 50 
@ 4 50 
1 75 
@ 4 00 
Cauliflower, ?t doz. 
1 00 
@ 5 00 
50 
@ 3 00 
Onions—?! hhl. 
1 25 
@ 2 50 
1 50 
@ 2 50 
Cranberriko, per bbl . 
— 
@ — 
4 50 
@ 6 50 
SQUASH, ?! bbl. 
60 
@ "5 
50 
@ 75 
•• striped, per doz. 
1 00 
@ 1 50 
— 
@ - 
Cucumbers,?! 100. 
30 
@ 1 12 
— 
@ - 
Watermelons, ?! 100 . 
3 00 
@15 00 
— 
@ — 
Pumpkins, ?t lou . 
— 
@ - 
2 00 
@ 5 00 
Green Peppers, ?! hhl. 
— 
@ - 
1 25 
@ 2 00 
Muskmelons,?! hhl. 
20 
@ 1 25 
— 
® - 
Egg Plants, ?! 100. 
50 
@ 1 25 
5 00 
@ 8 00 
OKRA, ?! 100. 
10 
@ 15 
12 
@ 15 
Extraordinary activity in Stocks, Produce, and Mer¬ 
chandise, and resulting in very decided buoyancy in 
prices have been the features of business, of most in¬ 
terest during the past month. At the Stock Exchange, 
the transactions have been rapidly increasing in volume, 
until the unprecedented aggregate of 3,262,000 shares 
was reached for the week just closed, and prices have 
been worked up materially all through the list of prop¬ 
erties, recognized in the calls at the Board, leaving off 
more or less unsettled, through local manipulations of 
values, with a view of depression... .In the Produce and 
Merchandise lines, the dealings have been on a very ex¬ 
tensive scale, and have resulted in another notable rise 
in values, the markets generally closing quite firmly, with 
little show of urgency on the part of holders to place 
supplies at even current figures,—the general anticipa¬ 
tion being of an additional improvement, and, in most 
connections, a continuously strong range of quotations. 
The business in Produce and Merchandise has been 
mainly of a legitimate character, for home consumption, 
or for export, though speculation has been also quite 
brisk in a few leading commodities. In Breadstuff’s, the 
transactions have been very large for shipment, home 
use, and on speculative account, the export movement 
having been stimulated by the reports of great defic- 
