4 72 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[November, 
the river by sewers, and are really ponds rather than 
blocks. The fishes find their way into these places, and 
are caught by the youngsters. When an animal or a 
plant, brought from another country, makes itself at home, 
and multiplies itself, it is said to be naturalized; we may 
say, then, that though the Gold-fish is not a native, it is 
thoroughly naturalized in this country.One young 
friend wishes to have me tell him something about 
.“what gas is, 
and an experiment to prove it.” His question is not put 
very clearly, but I think I know what he means. In my 
“Talks”! shall in time try to show how gases differ 
from other kinds of matter. In the meantime it may in¬ 
terest him to know that he not only lives all the time in 
gas, but could not. live without it. The air is a gas— 
properly speaking, a mixture of two gases. But there 
are gases different in all respects from those which make 
up the air, and the subject is quite too much for our 
answers to correspondents_Most of my letters ask me 
something, and itis not often that I get a letter that gives 
me some information. But here comes a letter from New 
Jersey telling about Master Teddy, a little fellow who had 
been travelling in Europe, and after he came home, told 
of the curious things he saw while away. He says that 
TOE “ CURIOUS-EST THING HE SAW 
were the hats worn by the Welsh peasants.” Master 
Teddy was so much struck by the hats worn by the wo¬ 
men on market days that he wished to bring one home 
to show to his friends in America, and he only gave np 
tne idea when his father jokingly told him that no ship 
smaller than a man-of-war could carry it. As he could 
not bring the hat, Teudy had Agnes Henry make a draw¬ 
ing of the hats and their wearers. I think you will agree 
with ottryoung friend that they are the “curious-est” kind 
of hats ; with these tied down over their muslin caps, 
the women must have appeared very strange. I hope that 
Master Teddy may tell of some other things he saw, and 
may have some othcrdrawings made while he was abroad. 
To All Roys and llany Girls. 
The Telegraph is coming into use everywhere, almost. 
A single wire stretched between two points, miles, or 
hundreds or thousands of miles apart, with a little instru¬ 
ment at each end, enables two person^ thus separated, 
to hold iustant conversation. The language used is very 
simple, easily learned, especially by young persons. It 
is just as easy to read..... 
as to read come home. Two clicks, an instant 
of rest, and another click, are as readily understood, as 
the sound see (c). Two clicks are as easily understood 
as the sound oh ( o ), and so on.—It would be a good thing 
for all boys to understand making and 
reading telegraphic letters or sounds, 
and would be interesting to most girls 
and young ladies also. A large num¬ 
ber of our telegraph offices are manned 
by ladies. Telegraph men tell us they 
prefer Ladies as operators in small 
offices, for they are on hand more reg¬ 
ularly, filling up the spare or waiting 
hours with needle-work. But aside 
from its use as a means of livelihood, 
telegraphing is interesting. Wherever 
there are two houses of neighbors or 
friends, or two shops, or tivo or more 
buildings on a farm, between which it 
is desirable to have frequent messages, 
or communication, a single wire 
stretched between them,with the need¬ 
ed apparatus, enables it to be done in¬ 
stantly, at all hours, in all weathers.— 
Just now there are good working tele¬ 
graph machines, so cheap that a pair 
of them can be got for only $12, with 
batt.ries, instruction books, etc., all 
complete. The only extra expense will 
be the stretching of a cheap wire be¬ 
tween the two places to be fastened on 
trees, or even along fences.—The wire 
may be bent aside into any number of 
houses, bringing them all into a talk¬ 
ing connection with each other for an 
additional expense of §5.00 for each 
added house'. We would like to 
have a great many of our young 
readers, of both sexes, put up such lines between their 
dwellings this fall and winter, and thus learn to become 
expert writers and readers by telegraph. It will need 
very little effort for any one or two boys to get up a club 
of 14 subscribers, and thus secure the above apparatus 
free, as offered in premium No.21. ..By the way.t'nereare 
a great many very fine premium articles that our young 
friends, boys and girls, would much like. Some of them 
can be easily obtained without money outlay. Better 
study Ihrough the premium list given last month, pages 
409 to 410, and see the things that you can get. 
Our S'lizzlc-Rox, 
NUMERICAL ENIGMAS. 
1. I am composed of 22 letters : 
My 20, 3, 5. 4. 21, 10. is what a flea is. 
My 13. 4. 12, 21, 1. is the name of a tree. 
My 11. 18. 3. 14, 15. 0. is what we all should be. 
My 17, 8, 9, 10. 2. 19, is a weapon. 
My 0, 11, 4, 7, and 10, 11, 22, are pronouns. 
My whole is a well-known proverb. 
F. L. IIOLLENBUKGH. 
2. I am composed of 22 letters: 
My 2, 19, 13. 14. 6. 3. 4, is a citv in France. 
Mv 5. 19. 21. 7. 8. 11, 10, is a cily in New Jersey. 
My 12, 14. 20. 9. 10, is a city in China. 
Mv 18, 5. 15, 1, 0, is a city in New York. 
My 17. 19. 2. 22. is a city in Now York. 
My whole is a cily, and where situated. 
C. W. Hurst. 
DECAPITATIONS. 
THE CURIOUS HATS OF THE WELSH MARKET WOMEN. 
No. 4tO miusi.ated ftebns. — A truthful j 
and moral sentiment worthy of the regard of every one. ! 
(Take away tlie first letter.) 
1. Behead a grain, and leave that with which it is 
cooked. 
2. Behead a certain kind of wood, and leave what a 
shad is. 
3. Behead a particle, and leave a nickname. 
4. Behead a bend, and leave a vessel. 
5. Behead a portion of time, and leave a pronoun. 
0. Behead a verb, and leave a propositi. 
7. Behead a loud noise, and leave a propeller. 
Place the beheaded letters in tnoir order aud make a 
fruitful theme for conversation. Jack. 
MGTAGItAM. 
Iii a word of six letters (something without which no 
man could live) in y he found eighteen nouns (amongst 
which are four different animals) and ten verbs. What 
is the verb ? 
DROP-LETTER PUZZLE. 
(Every other letter of the word, beginning with the first 
loiter, is left out. Instead of defining each word we give 
a sentence which the word is to complete.) 
1. His complaints were —r—u—d—o—s. 
2. I was treated with great.—o—d—s—e—s—o—. 
3. A habit of— r—c—a—t—n—t—o—is deplorable. 
4. Yon will find the task —ni—r—e—i— a—1—. 
5. The prisoner was safely—n—a—c—r—t—d. 
(i. Patience is a desirable — b— r—c—e—i—t—c. 
7. Yon need not — x—o—l— 1—I—. I am determined. 
8. T was completely—n—a—a—i—a—e—. 
9. My teacher was a rigid —i—c—p—i—a—i—u. 
CROSS-WORD. 
My first, is in tumbler but not in the glass, 
My next is in maiden but not in a lass. 
My third is in justice but not in the law. 
My fourth is in hatchet but not in a saw. 
My fifth is in apple but not in a plum, 
My sixth is in finger 1ml not in a thumb. 
My seventh is in barter but never in sell, 
My eighth is in forest but never in dell, 
My ninth is in turkey but not in the lien, 
My tenth is in goose-quill but not in the pen : 
And now if the letters correctly yon find, 
They will give you advice of an excellent kind. 
1. I canned cents. 
2. A thin crate. 
3. O stop deer. 
•1. Lover’s tune. 
5. Rise Rover. 
ANAGRAMS. 
6. Lading nut oil. 
7. Bat’s carts. 
8. Magpie’s girl. 
9. O ! more bustle. 
10. Nice graves. 
ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN THE SEPTEMBER NUMBER. 
Double Acrostic. 
Colorado— Trinidad. 
C— oa —T 
O- tie —It 
L— ev — I 
O— fte —N 
It—istor— I 
A—roun—D 
D— ian —A 
O— 1 -D 
I Numerical Enigmas. —1. 
Hate the evil and love the 
i good. 2. United hearts death 
. only parts. 3. Dr. Livingston, 
j Cross-word.— Electricity. 
Pi.—Snow is congealed va- 
-por.which would have formed 
ruin : but through the cold¬ 
ness of the air lias been frozen 
in ils descent, into crystaline 
forms. 
’Flic Second Drawing' Fessou. 
It is best for us to continue with straight lines, but let 
us put them together so that some carpenter and joiner 
work may be represented. In the first place in figures 1 
and 2 are shown two of the various ways of uniting tim¬ 
bers, called scarfing. In the first case the lines where the 
two pieces come together are all oblique, that is, not par¬ 
allel with the upper and under sides of the timber, as is 
the case in the second. The square place in the center 
represents that a portion of wood has been removed 
from each piece of the timber, and a block driven in af- 
1 
f 
j 
Fig. 1. — OBLIQUE SCARFING. 
1 
H 
( 
l 
m p 
1 
Fig. 2. —SQUARE SCARFING. 
ter the parts of the splice have been brought together, 
thus serving to bind them. This shading is done by 
drawing a few lines near together. We will have more 
of this later on, and also we shall show how to represent 
that there is a hole in the timber, etc., etc. Again, sup¬ 
pose you wished to show how a piece of timber ought to 
he fastened together, by the joint called the “ dovetail,” 
so named because the pieces that fit into each other are 
broader at the ends than below, as is the case in the tail 
of a dove. In figure 3 a short bit of timber is represent¬ 
ed ns made up of two pieces “dovetailed” together. 
Ten short, straight lines, passing across the two faces 
in sight, in a zigzag manner, show this particular meth¬ 
od of joining. If it was thought best to show the face 
of the “ dovetail” before it was joined together, a few 
lines would make it clear as is the case in figure 4. It 
might take much time to explain in words what a few 
lines will show. It would be very hard to find a first class 
carpenter and joiner without a pencil in liis pocket, and 
if you could look over his books and papers, many draw¬ 
ings would be found. It is not necessary for us to give 
any more illustrations of ways of joining together, these 
you can find, aud draw for yourselves. In the barn, 
beams and braces may be found, and from them several 
drawings may be made without any great trouble. 
In the next place we will try our hands at drawing a 
table—a very simple one—and for that reason we take it. 
Perhaps you may find one like it (fig. 5) in the kitchen. 
We have seen such used for general kitchen work, and 
they are the best for such purposes, because strong and 
