222 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[June, 
line 0 D, which is 8 inches above the inside bottom 
of the bows aud at the point of the shoulder ; and 
the length of the bow from the line A, £, to the in¬ 
side of the bottom bend, to C, is 18 inches. To 
finish the yoke when made of green timber, build a 
fire out-of-doors, plug up the bow holes with pota¬ 
toes or something else that is green ; lay the yoke 
on the fire, and when it is hot and begins to crack 
on the cross-grained places, remove it and rub in 
grease or oil, until the wood will absorb no more. 
Repeat this until the yoke is evenly charred all over 
a sixteenth of an inch deep, when it should be 
scraped and greased again while hot, and rubbed 
with rags until no black will come off, when there 
will be left a black polished surface with a hand¬ 
some finish that will not fade or soak water. 
PAD AND BANDAGE. 
Ecg‘-Spavin and its Treatment. 
The disease known as “Bog-Spavin,” and a form 
of the same known as “ Thoroughpiu,” are of fre¬ 
quent occurrence. The fact that lameness some¬ 
times attends the swelling—the visible symptom 
of the disease—and sometimes does not, leads to a 
confusion of ideas upon this subject. This may be 
easily explained as 
follows: Bog-Spavin 
is of two kinds, both 
of which present the 
same outward ap¬ 
pearance, so far as 
the puffy swelling is 
concerned, but they 
differ in the impor¬ 
tant point that in one 
there is inflamma¬ 
tion, tenderness and 
lameness, while in 
the other there are 
none of these, and 
only an inconvenient 
blemish results. It is 
necessary, therefore, 
to distinguish be¬ 
tween these two 
forms. The more 
serious is that caused 
by inflammation of the hock joint; this may occur 
from over-work, rheumatism, sprains, or bruises. 
There is a soft swelling on the inner, fore, upper 
part of the joint, where there should naturally be a 
hollow. Sometimes the swelling occurs upon both 
sides of the joint, and on pressure upon either 
side the swelling is pushed through the joint, and 
increases upon the opposite side, fluctuating back 
again when the pressure is removed. This is 
“thorough” or “through” pin, the former word 
having been, years ago, used synonomously with 
the latter. The lameness in this form of the 
disease is similar to that from Bone-Spavin, and in 
its result it may produce the worst effects of that 
disease, viz., ulceration and bony deposit, with a 
permanently stiff joint. The less serious form of 
the disease is a simple swelling, which appears to 
be the same as the other form in all respects, ex¬ 
cepting that there are no lameness, heat, or tender¬ 
ness. The cause is an excessive secretion of sy¬ 
novial fluid (the fluid which lubricates the joint), 
which produces the soft, puffy characteristic swell¬ 
ings ; and this may occur from over exertion, or a 
dropsical effusion from constitutional weakness. 
The first treatment, in the former case, is to re¬ 
duce the inflammation, and exert an easy pressure 
upon the swelling, to induce an absorption of its 
contents. In the latter case, the pressure, with 
cold applications, are sufficient. These, in both 
cases, may be accomplished by using a padded 
bandage in the manner shown in the engraving. 
This may be made by any person, in a few minutes, 
from some strips of stout leather, a few rivets, 
aDd two buckles. The pads maybe made of pieces 
of sponge, wrapped in wash-leather or buckskin, 
or sheet-rubber. The upper strap is buckled 
loosely around the leg, above the hock, to prevent 
the bandage from slipping down, as it is held by 
the side straps. The lower strap is provided with 
a pad, or one for each side, placed so as to exert a 
steady pressure upon the swollen parts. At the 
same time, cold water dressings are applied, or 
astringent applications, such as weak mixture of 
tannic acid and water, or an infusion of white-oak 
bark. The lotions may be made more effective, as 
regards coldness, by the addition of ice or a small 
quantity of saltpeter to the water. Rest is neces¬ 
sary during treatment, and unless the causes that 
produced the trouble are afterwards avoided, it 
will be necessary to soon repeat the application. 
A Bean-Pulling Machine. 
-— 
The success of the bean crop largely depends 
upon the proper harvesting ; indeed, this is the 
most important labor connected with the crop, as it 
must be done neither too early nor too late. No 
doubt that many a grower of beans has wished for 
some mechanical aid in the tedious task of pulling 
the plants. Mr. H. B. Morrison, of Genesee Co., 
N. Y., wished this, and began some time ago to 
embody his thoughts in a machine, which, after va¬ 
rious modifications, he has brought to such perfec¬ 
tion as to warrant him in applying for a patent for 
it. The engraving, from a photograph, shows the 
exterior of the Bean-Puller as it now appears. The 
machiue is simply constructed. It consists of the 
two rows at once can be made. It is unnecessary 
to describe further the advantages resulting from 
the use of the bean-puller; these will be obvious 
to the practical bean-grower. 
Fig. 3. BARRACK COMPLETE. 
A BEAN HARVESTING MACHINE. 
driving wheels which run on each side of the row, 
a pair of shafts in which the horse travels on one 
side of the row, so as to avoid trampling on the 
beans. The adjustable frame of the machine is 
hinged to the axle, the pullers being attached by 
their hinder ends to the front end, resting on two 
small wheels at the front; the extended gathering 
fingers taking up the plants or “ bushes” from the 
ground, aud conveying 
them to and between 
the front ends of the 
central space of the 
frame,while the extend¬ 
ed share loosens the 
roots so that the plants 
are taken up the in¬ 
clined plane and drop¬ 
ped to the rear in 
■c,. , „ „ rows. The shafts are 
so arranged that the 
driver can direct the draft and guide the pullers 
along the rows, following any deviation from a 
straight line that may have been made in planting. 
Fig. 2.— ROOF READY FOR THATCHING. 
The pullers may be raised or lowered, or thrown in 
and out of gear by the driver without leaving his 
seat or stopping the horse. One great advantage 
of the machine is that the beans need not be pulled 
until they are nearly cured, without being shelled 
aud lost, while they are freed from earth, and dam¬ 
age by soiling is prevented. Machines for pulling 
Cheap and Easily Made Barracks. 
Some time ago we gave directions for building 
barracks for hay or grain, which were too costly for 
those without some 
money at command 
to purchase the ma¬ 
terials. A plan is 
here given for mak¬ 
ing these conveni¬ 
ences, with materials 
that need not cost 
one dollar, and which 
may be built by any 
one having an ordi¬ 
nary amount of skill. 
Four poles, 20 feet 
long, are set in the 
ground, 16 feet apart, 
about 4 feet deep. These poles should be of dura¬ 
ble timber; the part set in the ground is to be left 
of the natural size, be¬ 
ing denuded only of the 
bark, and the remainder 
may be hewed down to 
a neatly tapering form. 
Holes are bored in these 
poles, and pins of wood 
or iron inserted, to hold 
up the roof. The frame 
of the roof is made of 4 
sills, halved and pinned 
together at the corners, 
and having a short cross 
piece pinned at each 
corner, 18 inches from 
the end, as may be seen 
in figure 1. Light poles 
for rafters are then fit¬ 
ted into the cross pieces, 
into 2 inch holes, the 
part inserted in the 
timbers being pinned 
fast with half inch pins. 
Similar poles are fit¬ 
ted into the sills, in the same way, and may be 
gathered together at the top, as shown at fig. 2, and 
secured by an iron band, or may be bound together 
by fence wire. Some cross strips of flattened poles 
or split hoop-pole stuff, are then pinned with half¬ 
inch pins, or bound to the rafters, with hickory or 
white oak withes, softened and toughened in a fire. 
The frame is then thatched with straw or bog-hay, 
in the manner described in the American Agricultur¬ 
ist for July, 1874, p. 257. The result, seen in fig. 3, 
is a stiff', substantial structure, which will hold 8 to 
Fig. 4.— LEVER FOR RAISING ROOF. 
10 tons of hay or sheaf-grain, and preserve it as 
well as if it were in the most costly barn. In filling 
a barrack of this kind, the hay may be built out 2 
feet each way wider than the roof, making the 
stack 20 feet square, up to near the top, when it 
may be gradually drawn in, and raked down from 
top to bottom, the loose hay being thrown upon 
the top. The roof is then let down upon the hay, 
which is thus completely protected from the 
weather. The roof is raised or lowered by means 
of the lever shown at fig. 4; this is rested upon a 
pin placed in a hole in the post, and the pivoted end 
is placed under the comer of the roof, which is 
raised by depressing the handle of the lever. 
Roots.—A small piece of ground not otherwise 
occupied, may very profitably be used for roots. It 
is an easy matter, now that artificial fertilizers can 
be so readily procured for this crop, to put in an 
acre or so. Sugar beets may be sown in June, Ruta- 
