1882 .] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
69 
two pieces of ice, the surfaces of which are moist 
from meltiug, and place one upon the other, with 
their flat surfaces together, they will in a few min¬ 
utes be frozen together, and if you lift the top 
piece, the other will he lifted with it. This prop¬ 
erty possessed by ice, of uniting when two sur¬ 
faces come together, is called regelation, a word 
meaning, to “ freeze again.” In a general way re¬ 
gelation may be explained by supposing that when 
the two surfaces are brought together, the interior 
of the ice is sufficiently cold to freeze the moisture 
upon them. In February of last year I showed 
how to make a pretty experiment 
To Illustrate Regelation, 
to which you may refer. Support a block of 
ice on two chairs, or in any other convenient 
manner. Take a small copper wire, about the size 
of a knitting needle, pass it over the ice, bring the 
ends together below, and hang to them a heavy 
weight, such as a basket of stones or of old iron. 
After some hours the wire will be found running 
through the middle of the ice, which will be per¬ 
fectly solid, not a crack or mark to show where the 
wire entered. This experiment shows that 
Ice will melt under pressure. 
The particles of the ice directly under the wire 
are, by means of the weight, under pressure suffi¬ 
cient to cause them to melt. As the ice melts, the 
wire sinks, there being no pressure above the wire, 
regelation takes place, the small quantity of water 
freezes, and the ice is as solid as at first. The so¬ 
lidity of a snowball depends upon regelation taking- 
place between the minute portions of ice of which 
snow is composed. You know that the harder you 
can squeeze the ball the more solid and icy it will 
become. By means of a powerful press, snow may 
be made into solid ice.—When you come to study 
in Geology about glaciers and their wonderful ef¬ 
fects in changing a good deal of the earth’s sur¬ 
face, you will find regelation has played an impor¬ 
tant part. 
Our Puzzle ISox. 
NUMERICAL ENIGMAS. 
I am composed of 12 letters : 
My 8, 4, 10, 12, 7, 9, 11, is an ancient hero of ro¬ 
mance. 
My 1, 5, 3, 9, 6, 7, 4, 11, is a very fragrant shrub. 
My 2, 6, 7, 2, 10, is an Eastern Country. 
My whole is a well-known adage. * E. L. M. 
2. I am composed of 20 letters : 
My 1, 5, 2, is a vessel of various form. 
My 20, 18, 19, 10, is a measure. 
My 4, 9, 3, 17, is a plant and its seed. 
My 7, 16, 13, 14, 16, 19, is a title in divinity. 
My 11, 12, 5, 9, is dismal. 
My 8, 15, 18, 16, 1, 19, is an infidel. 
My whole is a much studied book. Charlie, 
pi. 
CROSS WORD. 
My first is in sincerity but not in hope or faith, 
My next is in poor orphan but not in little waif, 
My third is in the gospel but not in sacred truth, 
My fourth is in God’s providence but not re¬ 
vealed in Ruth, 
My fifth is in immensity but wanting in expanse, 
My sixth is in futurity but not in vision’s glance, 
My seventh is in division but not in rule of three, 
My eighth is in the heavens, the earth, the skies, 
the sea. 
For man—’twas said—it is not good, 
(My whole, by this, is understood), 
And yet the Man of men, wc know, 
Enjoyed it while on earth below. F. J. S. 
DIAMOND. 
Down. 
1. Found in rubbish. 
2. A boat. 
3. A juicy, pulpy fruit. 
4. To possess. 
5. Found in a vault. 
Across. 
1. Seen in lumber. 
2. A tub. 
3. A watch-tower. 
4. To hold by main force. 
5. Seen in a fountain. 
(Only three different letters used in the whole 
diamond). Henry Alice Donogh. 
1. An atom out. 
2. All cut aces. 
3. Be his Eve. 
4. Rub side. 
5. Enter Matt. 
ANAGRAMS. 
6. Ned’s shrews. 
7. Great is Mat! 
8. Come plain. 
9. A solem taint. 
10. As I pant one. 
PUZZLES. 
1. The following items have each three letters : 
the central letters, read downwards, name a king¬ 
dom. 
1. A plant. 2. A bird. 3. A generation. 4. A 
mighty weapon. 5. A verb. 6. An animal. 7. To 
decline. 8. A tree. 9. To shoot forward. 
2. I MIT A TEA go ODM anb U tn EYE RCOUN 
TERFE I THIM. 
BLANK LOGOGRIPH. 
Fill the blanks with words that may be spelled 
with letters from a certain word of four letters. 
Mother, may I go to —— - soon as I like ? 
-“-” won’t you ? 
Answers to Puzzles in the December Number. 
Easy Letter Enigma.— The letter G. 
Numerical Enigma.— Daniel Webster. 
Riddle. —Sound. 
What is It ?—The wicked flee when no man 
pursueth. 
Metamorems. — 1. Hoop. 2. Civil. 3. Point. 4. 
Kite. 5. Lamp. 6. Violin. 
Diamond.— 
M 
BIG 
MISER 
GEM 
R 
Puzzle.— DICE (E = 
one sixth of twelve, D = 
500, 1=1 and C= 100. 
A Picture Puzzle.— 
Turn the picture upside 
down and then look at it. 
Indian Tribe Puzzle Picture.— 1. Sacs and 
Foxes. 2. Arapahoes 3. Chickasaws. 4. Pawnees. 
5. Mandeans. 6. Seminoles. 7. Diggers. 8. Chero- 
kees. 9. Tuscaroras. 10. Black feet. 
“ Wliat’s tlie IJse oi' It ?” 
Het stencain saylaw liamedess herit shores bar- 
seat, reven heswelting. 
EASY ONE-WORD REBUSES. 
DECAPITATION AND TRANSPOSITION. 
1. Behead a fish and make him well and healthy ; 
2. Behead a tree, transpose and make it wealthy ; 
3. Behead a pedestal and make a fish ; 
4. Transpose a roseleaf, then, and make a dish ; 
5. Behead an animal, transpose,—a flower ; 
6. Transpose an insect,—part of shady bower. 
This question we overheard the other day at a 
friend’s house. It was addressed by an active boy 
to his mother who was encourag¬ 
ing him to perfect himself in a 
school lesson. This is a very im¬ 
portant question, one that should 
be asked a great deal oftener than 
it is. In another form we may 
ask of this or that business, work, 
study, or play, “ will it pay ? ” A 
great part of the failures of young 
people as well as of older people, 
in business, in amusement seek¬ 
ing, and in character also, would 
be avoided, if they more carefully 
thought over beforehand all the 
unfavorable as well as favorable 
points, and then honestly decided 
whether it would pay. 
Fun with a Linchpin. 
Three boys of our acquaintance 
are good, kind hearted, generous 
fellows, who would not intention¬ 
ally do any mean act. They are also active, fun- 
loving. They have just the talent and abilities to 
make excellent men, and we have considered them 
among the best and most promising boys we know 
of. Recently they saw a farmer selling potatoes from 
his wagon, and made some jocose remark about 
one of his horses. He rather gruffly told them to 
“go away.” No doubt he was weary and no one 
enjoys having sport made of what he may not be 
able to help. A few minutes later he carried a 
basket of potatoes to the cellar of a customer, and 
the boys noticed that the linchpin which held one of 
the wheels on, was loose and partly out. Had they 
acted upon the impulse of their heart’s best and 
real feelings, they would have pushed it back into 
its place, or have told him about.it. But, prompted 
by their fun-loving natures, in a thoughtless mo¬ 
ment they pulled the pin out and dropped it on the 
ground, half wishing or hoping, perhaps, he would 
see it, but yet thinking what fun it would be to see 
the wheel come off, and the potatoes dumped into 
the street. So they went off a little distance, put¬ 
ting on an unconcerned look, but watched for the 
result. On starting the team the wheel left the 
axle, the potatoes did tumble and spread out in 
amusing style, and the boys had a hearty laugh.' 
But the crash frightened the apparently dull team : 
they started on a jump which threw the farmer off 
his balance ; he fell in front, and a wheel crushed 
the bones of his right arm, and barely escaped 
crushing his head also. He is now confined to his 
bed, and will never be able to use his arm at hard 
work. The horses ran against a tree, not only 
scattering the potatoes widely, but smashing the 
wagon, and the broken tongue maimed one of the 
horses so that he had to be killed. Had these boys 
stopped to look ahead, and see the possible result 
of what, at the first impulse, seemed so small a mat¬ 
ter as pulling out a bit of iron, would they have 
done it ? We like to see our young friends cheer¬ 
ful, happy, we had almost said frolicsome, and will 
say it in the best sense of the word—but, dear boys, 
whenever you are planning any enterprise, or sport, 
remember the “Linchpin,” and stop long enough 
to think what may be the outcome, and don’t run 
risks, hoping that chance may bring all out well. 
Chance is a fickle thing, not to be trusted. 
About “Specific C>}r5lv^^y. 5, —Useful 
to IJndei'sland ami lieniemhci*. 
The “Gravity” or weight of anything means how 
strongly it is drawn down towards the center of 
the earth. The same bulk of different substances 
is drawn down with a different amount of force. 
For example, a piece of cast-iron is attracted to the 
earth about 7‘/ 5 times as strongly as the same bulk 
of water. Water at the temperature of 60° is taken 
as a standard of measurement or 1, and the pro¬ 
portionate weight of the sa>ne bulk of any other 
substance is called its special weight, or “ specific 
gravity.” It is often very convenient and useful 
to understand this, for if we know the specific 
gravity of any substance, we can quickly tell how 
much any measured quantity of-it will weigh by sim¬ 
ple rules of arithmetic, without scales or steel-yards. 
Weight of Water (Avoirdupois). 
1 solid or cubic foot of water (1,728 inch.) weighs 62} lbs. 
27} inches of water (27 648 / ln0 o) weigh. 1 lb. 
1 Gallon (wine) water (221.184 inches) N. Y. State. .8 lbs. 
1 Gallon (do.) water (231 inches) United States.8.355 lbs. 
1 Barrel (do.) water (31} gallons) 7.276} in.) do... 263'/ B lbs. 
A common Barrel holds about 4y 6 (4.21) solid or 
cubic feet. For all ordinary purposes we may cal¬ 
culate a barrel for each 4(4 feet; and a barrel of 
water to weigh 263 lbs. Example A : A box 4 feet 
square inside and 4 feet deep, contains 64 solid feet, 
or nearly 15} barrels.— Example B: An Acre contains 
43,560 square feet or 6,272,640 square inches.—A 
rain fall of only one inch deep would give 6,272,640 
solid inches of water, or 3,630 solid feet. Dividiug 
3,630 feel by 4.21 gives 862 barrels of water, or 
226,850 pounds, or over 113 tons! 
Weighing by Measuring (Without Scales). 
As we now know the weight of any bulk of wa¬ 
ter, if we know the Specific Gravity of any sub¬ 
stance, that isfits weight compared with the same 
bulk of water, we have only to measure it, see how 
much the same bulk of water would weigh, and 
then multiply this by its specific gravity.— Example 
C: The specific gravity of cast-iron is about 7(4 (or 
7.207). A solid foot of water weighs 62} lbs. ; so a 
