330 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[August, 
The Leading Grain States. 
The interesting grouping and comparisons of the 
States, and other items, have been specially prepared 
for the American Agriculturist , with much labor, 
from various official reports for the year 1880. The 
data are from the crop of 1879. The rapid devel¬ 
opment of Kansas and Nebraska, Dakota, North¬ 
western Minnesota, and of the Pacific Coast, has 
already changed the relative position in some in¬ 
stances ; but these are the only complete figures 
that will be available for ten years to come—until 
the Census for 1890 ; and they will serve for gen¬ 
eral reference.—We first give the totals for all the 
States and Territories, and the average per acre in 
bushels—carrying the figures out to two decimals : 
Total Ache age and Yield in Bushels. 
Total in V. S. 
Bushels. 
Acres. 
Average 
Per Acre. 
Corn. 
1.754.861,535 
62.368,869 
27.01 
Wheat. 
459,479.505 
35,430.052 
12.97 
Oats . 
407,858,999 
16,144,593 
25.26 
Barley. 
44,113,495 
1,997,717 
22.08 
Rye. 
19,831,595 
1.842,303 
17.76 
Buckwheat. 
11,817,327 
848,389 
13.09 
Total . 
2,697,962,456 
118,631,923 
22.75 
Leading Wheat States.— The following 14 
States were credited with over 10,000,000 bushels 
each, and with an aggregate of 398,144,457 bush¬ 
els, this being 861 per cent, or nearly seven-eighths 
of the Wheat crop of the entire country. viyTlie 
first 6 States had 245,698,002 bushels, or over half 
(531 per cent) of the total crop, or about 32,000,000 
bushels more than all the other 41 States and Ter¬ 
ritories. The great differences in the yield per 
acre in the different States is noteworthy—from 
91 in some States to 191 bushels in Michigan ! 
Wheat States. 
1— Illinois. 
2— Indiana. 
3— Ohio.. 
4— Michigan. 
5— Minnesota. .. 
6— Iowa. 
7— California. 
8— Missouri. 
9— Wisconsin_ 
10 — Pennsylvania. 
11— Kansas. 
12— Nebraska. 
13— New York. 
14— Kentucky. ... 
Bushels. 
Acres. 
110.502 
284,853 
014.809 
,532,543 
001,030 
154.205 
017,707 
966,627 
884,689 
462,405; 
324.141 
847,007 
587,766 
356,113' 
3,218,542 
2,619,695 
2,556.134 
1.822,749 
3,044,670 
3.049,288 
1,832,429 
2.074,394 
2,298,513 
1,445,384 
1,861.402 
1,469.865 
736,611 
1,160.108 
| Average 
Per Acre. 
15.89 
18.05 
18.00 
19.60 
11.36 
10.22 
15.84 
12.04 
10.83 
13.60 
9.31 
9.42 
15.01 
9.79 
Leading Endian Corn States.— The three 
States of Illinois, Indiana and Missouri, are credited 
with 803,303,451 bushels, or nearly half (45.8 per 
cent) of the crop of the entire country, and the 
first named 10 States produced nearly four-fifths 
(78.8 per cent) of the whole —A remarkable range 
is the product per acre—from 8.81 in Florida, and 
9 in South Carolina, up to 41 i in Iowa.—Massachu¬ 
setts and Connecticut are alike in yield per acre, 
and Vermont and New Hampshire are nearly so. 
Indian Corn States. 
Bushels. 
Acres. 
Average 
Per Acre. 
1—Ulnois. 
325,792.481 
9.019,381 
36.13 
2—Iowa. 
275,024.247 
6,616,144 
41.57 
3—Missouri. 
202,485.723 
5,588,265 
36.23 
4—Indiana. 
115,482.300 
3.678,420 
31.39 
5—Ohio. 
111,877,124 
3,281,923 
34.08 
6 Kansas. 
105,729,325 
3.417.817 
30.93 
7—Kentucky. 
72.852,263 
3.021,176 
24.11 
8—Nebraska. 
65,450.135 
1.630,660 
40.14 
9—Tennessee. 
62,764.429 
2,904.874 
21.61 
10—Pennsylvania. 
45.821,531 
1,373,270 
33.37 
11 — Wisconsin . 
33,230.579 
1,015,293 
33.71 
12—Michigan. 
32,461,452 
919,792 
35.29 
13—Virginia. 
29,106.661 
1.767.567 
16.46 
14—Texas. 
29,065,172 
2.468.587 
11.77 
15—Nortli Carolina.... 
28.019,839 
2,305,419 
12.15 
16—New Y'ork. 
25.875,480 
719,272 
33.20 
17—Alabama. 
25,451,278 
2,055,929 
12.38 
18—Arkansas. 
24,156,417 
1,298,310 
18.61 
19—Georgia. 
23,202,018 
2 538.733 
9.14 
20—Mississippi. 
21.340.800 
1,570.550 
13.59 
21— Maryland. 
15,968,533 
664.928 
24.01 
22—Minnesota. 
14.831 741 
438.737 
3-1.81 
23—West Virginia. 
14,090.609 
565,785 
24,90 
24—South Carolina. 
11,767,099 
1,303,404 
9.03 
25 — New Jersey. 
11,150,707 
344,555 
32.07 
26—Louisiana. 
9.906,189 
742.728 
13.34 
27—Delaware. 
3,894,264 
202,120 
19.27 
28— Florida. 
3.174.234 
360,294 
8.81 
29—Vermont. 
2.014,271 
55.249 
36.46 
30 — Dakota . 
2,004.864 
90,852 
22.02 
31—California. 
1,993.325 
71.781 
27.77 
32—Connecticut. 
1,886.421 
55,796 
33.70 
33—Massachusetts . 
1,797,593 
53,344 
33.70 
34 — New Hampshire_ 
1,350,248 
30,012 
36.88 
Leading Oats Growing States.— The re¬ 
vised official figures very slightly change our sum¬ 
mary given in May. Illinois leads here again. The 
following 23 States yield over 3,000,000 bushels 
each. The first five yield 28,000,000 more than all the 
other 42 States and Territories; and the first ten 
about four-fifths of the entire crop. The average 
yield per acre varies from less than 10 bushels 
to over 37 in Vermont, Minnesota coming next. 
Oats States. 
Bushels. 
Acres. 
Average 
Per Acre. 
1 — Illinois. 
63,289,200 
1.959,889 
32.29 
2— Iowa. 
50,610,591 
1,507,577 
33.57 
3— New York. 
37,575,51)6 
1,261.171 
29.80 
4—Pennsylvania. 
33,841,439 
1,237.593 
27.36 
5— Wisconsin. ..._ 
32,905.320 
955.597 
34.43 
6— Ohio . 
28,664.505 
910,388 
31.48 
7— Minnesota. 
23,382,158 
617,469 
37.86 
8 -Missouri. 
20.670.958 
968,473 
21.34 
9— Michigan. 
18.190,793 
536,187 
33.93 
10— Indiana. 
15,599,518 
623,531 
25.02 
11— Kansas. 
8,180,385 
435,859 
18.77 
12— Nebraska. 
6,555,875 
250.457 
26.18 
13— Georgia . 
5,548.743 
612,778 
9.06 
14— Virginia. 
5,333,181 
563,443 
9.47 
15 —Texas. 
4.893,359 
238.010 
20.56 
16— Tennessee. 
4,722,190 
468,566 
10.08 
17 —Kentucky. 
4,580,738 
403,416 
11.35 
18— Oregon. 
4,385,650 
151,624 
28.92 
19— North Carolina..... 
3.838,068 
500.415 
76.69 
20— Vermont. 
3,742,282 
99.548 
37.51 
21— New Jersey'. 
3,710,573 
137,422 
27.00 
22—Alabama. 
3,039.639 
324,628 
9.36 
Leading Rye Growing States.— Only one 
bushel of Rye is grown for 23 bushels of Wheat; 
the total Census crop of Rye was under 20,000,000 
bushels.—We would expect this to be a prominent 
crop in the New England States, where “Rye and 
Indian bread ” is popularly supposed to be a lead¬ 
ing food ; but the six New England States produced 
only 730,255 bushels, or less than one-fifth of the 
crop of Pennsylvania, Connecticut yielding over 
half of this (370,733). Only eight States raised 
500,000 bushels each, and Nebraska nearly that.— 
The first three States give nearly half the entire 
crop, and the eight nearly four-fifths of all (78 per 
cent).—The yield per acre varies from 8 bushels in 
New Jersey and Kentucky, to 161 in Illinois. 
Bye States. 
Bushels. 
Acres. 
Average 
Per Acre. 
1—Pennsylvania. 
3,683,621 
348,465 
192.138 
244.923 
169,692 
10,57 
16.25 
2,634,690 
10.76 
4—Wisconsin. 
2,298,513 
13.56 
1,518.605 
949,064 
668.050 
535,426. 
102,607 
10b',025 
84,417 
46,484 
14.80 
6— New Jersey. 
7— Kentucky. 
8— Missouri. 
8.00 
7.92 
11.52 
Leading Barley States. — California leads 
far ahead. The first four States raised two-thirds 
of all the Barley grown in the country. The yield 
per acre varies all the way from 15 to 31 bushels. 
Barley States. 
Bushels. 
Acres. ! Average 
Per Aci'e. 
1—California. 
12.579,561 
586,340 21.45 
2 New York. 
7,792,062 
356.629 21.85 
3—Wisconsin. 
5.043.118 
204.335 24.68 
4—Iowa . 
4.022.588 
19S,S61 20.23 
5—Minnesota. 
2,992,965 
116.020 25.88 
6—Nebraska. 
1,744.686 
115,201 15.15 
7—Ohio.. . 
1,707,129 
57.482 29.72 
8—Illinois. 
1,229,523 
55,267 22.25 
9—Michigan. 
1.204.316 
54.506 22.10 
10—Oregon . 
920,977 
29.311. 31.42 
Leading Buckwheat States.— New York 
with 4,461,200 bushels, and Pennsylvania w T ith 
3,593,326 bushels, produce about 70 per cent of all 
this crop that is grown. New Jersey, with 466,414 
bushels, and Michigan, with 416,662 bushels, yield 
the largest in other States. New York averages 
over 15 bushels per acre, and Pennsylvania over 19. 
Birds and tlie Potato Beetle. —The num¬ 
ber of birds known to feed upon the Colorado Bee¬ 
tle is so few, that every addition to the list is in¬ 
teresting. DeCost Smith, Esq., Onondago Co., 
N. Y., writes us, that in dissecting a Wood, or 
Long Thrush (Turdusmustelinus,) he discovered in 
the stomach several Potato Bugs ( Doryphora , 10- 
lineata,) one of them being entire. Mr. S. thinks 
that the Oriole, or Golden Robin, also feeds upon 
the insect, though he has not, as with the Thrush, 
conclusive proof. The Crow, thus far, is the most 
useful bird to the potato grower, though it is the 
most unkindly treated of all, and considered an 
enemy in almost all parts of the country. 
Painting Houses. 
BY E. E. REXFORD, SHIOCTON, WIS. 
In going through the country, the eye is wearied 
by the steady succession of white houses, usually 
with green blinds and red chimneys. Why we see 
so few houses of other colors, I am unable to say. 
Perhaps white is adhered to from force of habit. 
A house so dazzling in its whiteness that it could 
be seen from anywhere within a goodly circle of 
miles, like a white spot in a green map, was our 
fathers’ highest idea of beauty. We became used 
to seeing what they thought was particularly fine, 
and when we came to build houses of our own, 
we quite naturally did as our fathers did. The 
consequence is that white houses glare at us every¬ 
where we go. If they are toned down with trees 
and vines, the effect is not so bad, but I can con¬ 
ceive of no more self-asserting and disagreeable 
feature in a landscape than a great white house, 
standing in an open yard, unless it is a red one. 
In summer the contrast between a white house and 
the landscape is too strong. In winter there is none. 
Before painting a house, we should study the 
landscape about it, and decide on a color that will 
be in harmony with it. We do not want a green 
house. I do not mean that when I say we should 
select a color in harmony, but I mean a color that 
is in contrast with the prevailing tints of the land¬ 
scape, and does not conflict with them. There is 
no reason why two harmonizing colors should not 
be in complete contrast with each other. A great 
many people get the idea that harmony of color 
means similarity, and that contrast means conflict. 
This is not the case. Drab and blue contrast 
strongly with each other, but there is complete 
harmony between them. 
For country houses I would advise for open, ex¬ 
posed places, a pale gray, or drab. There are 
complaints made frequently that drab looks cold. 
It can not look colder than white does, and there 
is no reason why it should look cold at all, if 
proper care is taken to have the trimmings of the 
house of some warm, cheerful color. 1 know a 
drab house with deep, warm-toned brown cornice 
and blinds, with plenty of vines clambering up it 
to break the monotony of the surface between the 
windows, and it is one of the warmest-looking 
houses I know of. In the summer it is refreshing 
to look at it. It does not pain the eyes with its 
glare. It does not assert itself the moment you 
reach the top of the hill and come within sight of 
it. A white house would draw your attention at 
once ; and no matter how you might try to look at 
something else, the white blotch on the landscape 
would leave its impression in your eye, and you 
could not help seeing it. This gray house seems 
part of the landscape. Its colors blend well with 
the green about it. There are no large trees around 
it, but there are vines, and the general effect in 
summer is cool and subdued, and in winter it gives 
a sense of warmth and comfort. Why it gives a 
sensation of warmth at one season and of coolness 
at another, is explained by the fact that summer is 
a season of high, bright colors, and the drab is in 
a lower tone of color than those prevailing in the 
landscape. Winter is a season of but little color, 
and then drab, in contrast with the snow-covered 
earth, becomes cheerful, and the deep-toned trim¬ 
mings, which should be seen on every house 
painted in drabs or grays, give a sense of warmth 
which they would not have in summer when all 
about it is in high, decided tones. 
I am glad that we see fewer new houses painted 
white now than formerly. The taste of the people 
is being educated to a more correct knowledge of 
what is fitting and appropriate. In time to come 
we shall see few white houses, and no bright red 
barns to give us a sense of intense heat and conse¬ 
quent bodily discomfort on a summer day, when 
we are trying to keep cool. 
