BRITISH COLLECTION. 
261 
Cases 1—4.— Implements known as stone celts. They appear 
by analogous examples, still in use among nations in a savage state, 
to have been mounted in split wooden handles, and bound round with 
leathern thongs, so as to form axes. Similar objects appear to have 
been employed all over the world. 
The middle shelf in Cases 1, 2, contains celts discovered in 
England and Scotland. The former chiefly of flint; the latter of 
granitic stones. The remainder of the celts are from Ireland, and are 
principally formed of black slaty stones, less elaborately finished than 
those from Britain. In a few instances, chiefly from the North of 
Ireland, the material is flint. 
Cases 5—9. Rude flint knives and arrow-heads, discovered prin¬ 
cipally in Ireland. The former are flakes roughly chipped off. They 
appear to have been made by the hand of man, but may have been pro¬ 
duced in shaping arrow-heads. The latter resemble those found in 
North America. In Case 9 are several flat implements, supposed to 
have been employed in flaying animals, from the Shetland Isles. 
Cases 10—12. Various stone implements, viz. :—Stone hammers, 
or axe-heads, pierced to receive a w T ooden shaft. They have been 
occasionally found with bronze weapons, and appear to be of a later 
date than the stone celts. Oval pebbles, which may have been sling- 
stones. Small sharpening stones or hones, pierced at one end for 
suspension. They have been found in England and Ireland in 
company with bronze implements, which they were no doubt intended 
to sharpen. Circular pierced disks, which have been used as beads or 
as whorls for the spindle. They are locally known as Fairy Mill¬ 
stones, or Pixey’s Grindstones. 
On the low T er shelf are models of the stone cromlechs or sepulchres 
of the ancient Celtic tribes, viz., the Chun Quoit, Cornwall; the Tre- 
vethy Stone, near St. Cleer; the Lanyan Quoit, near Penzance; one 
at Duffrin, S. Wales; the Double Cromlech, at Plas Newvdd, Angle- 
sea; and the Cromlech at Mofra. All made and presented by R, 
Tongue , Esq. 
Over the Cases in this part of the Room may be seen two pictures 
by the same artist, viz., the Cromlech at Plas Nevvydd, Anglesea, 
and Stonehenge on Salisbury Plain. 
Cases 13—25. Implements and weapons made of bronze. This 
metal is a mixture of copper and tin, the quantity of the latter 
being about a tenth of the former. The localities in w 7 hich they 
have been found are marked on the objects themselves. 
Cases 13—15. Illustrations of early British Metallurgy. 
Lower Shelf. Stone mullers or hammers, which have been em¬ 
ployed in ancient copper mines to break the ore. • Tw t o are from 
ancient workings at Llandudno, Caernarvonshire, presented by the 
Hon. W. Owen Stanley; four from Crookhaven, co. Cork. Four 
cakes of copper, roughly smelted, and two of bronze ready for work¬ 
ing, found in the South of Ireland. An ingot of bronze from Fried- 
richstadt, in Courland. Fragment of a similar ingot from Llandudno, 
Caernarvonshire. Stone mould for making rough bronze celts, found 
near Wallington, Northumberland; presented by Sir Walter C. 
Trevelyan. Casts of two moulds for making bronze swords. 
Middle Shelf. Bronze moulds for casting celts of various forms, 
