206 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. 1, October, 1947 
Distribution: Widely occurring in warm 
waters, into colder regions. 
This is an alga of choice eating qualities, 
much desired by Hawaiians. It grows well 
in various localities on the islands of Ha¬ 
waii and Maui especially, and is occasionally 
seen in certain localities on the island of 
Oahu, where it is said to have been planted 
for the late Queen Liliuokalani. The alga 
is known on Hawaii as "limu huluhulu- 
waena,” and on Maui as "limu pakeleawaa.” 
If it were not so well known, it would be 
difficult to place the plants collected, because 
they are sterile. 
Grateloupia filicina has been reported 
from the Hawaiian area by Reed, Rock, 
MacCaughey, and Setchell. G. dichotoma, 
reported by Chamberlain, has not been sub¬ 
stantiated. 
Specimens examined (in Herbarium 
Bishop Museum): Drew 641, Waikiki; 
Rock, Apr., May, 1908, Waikiki; Bailey in 
1876, Lanai Island. Tilden 507, Kapaa 
(Kauai Island), does not seem to be this 
genus. 
Gracilaria Greville, 1830: 121 
Gracilaria coronopifolia J. Agardh, Sp. Alg. 
2 (2): 592-593, 1852 (see Fig. la; Fig. 
9 >- 
Gracilaria No. 1, No. 2, Neal, Hawaiian 
Marine Algae, 68, Fig. ISb, 1930. 
Plants erect, to 15 cm. in height, pink at 
tips, white below, with one or more fronds 
attached to a single holdfast. Branching 
frequent, dichotomous, arcuate at tips, with 
a corymbose aspect. Branches cylindrical in 
transverse section with a large medullary 
region of colorless rounded cells slightly 
thickened, surrounded by a narrow cortical 
layer and a layer of smaller superficial cells. 
Female plants with prominent pink to red 
cystocarps in the upper branches. Cysto- 
carps with thick outer covering and a small 
ostiole. Male and tetrasporangial plants not 
seen. 
Found in Keawanui and Ilae ponds, 
Molokai. 
Distribution: "ad Wahoo [Oahu] Insu- 
larum Sandwicensium.” Apparently ende¬ 
mic to the Hawaiian Islands, and found 
quite commonly in the marine habitat. Re¬ 
ported by Reinbold. 
The "limu manauea” of the Hawaiians 
(the "ogo” of the Japanese) is characteris¬ 
tic of sandy, sheltered areas about the 
islands. Two other species of Gracilaria are 
listed in the literature from Hawaii: G. con - 
fervoides by Chamberlain and MacCaughey, 
and G. euchemoides b y Chamberlain. 
Neither of these species has been collected 
by the writer. G. coronopifolia has been 
mentioned by Chamberlain, Lemmermann, 
Reed, Rock, MacCaughey, and Setchell, and 
questioned by Neal. Neal’s two species (No. 
1 and 2) are this species. Other forms from 
the islands have been studied but it is difficult 
to place them with certainty. 
Hypnea Lamouroux, 1813: 131 
Hypnea nidipca J. Agardh, Sp. Alg. 2(2): 
451, 1852 (see Fig. 8). 
Fig. 8. Hypnea nidifica J. Agardh. Habit of 
a portion of a plant. X 2. 
