174 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[Mat, 
ltyg Plants .—Nothing is gained by setting plan is in 
open ground until warm weather sets in. Push them 
with a good supply of rich manure. Liquid ma¬ 
nure may be used, and with very good results. 
Lettuce .—Cultivate the early plants ; set out new 
plants from hot-bed for succession. Seed may now 
be sown in the open ground for the late crop. 
Martynias. — Sow seed in hot-bed and set the 
plants out so scon as well started, or sow later in 
the open ground. Set about 3 feet each way. 
Onions .—Clean culture is necessary with this 
crop. The soil needs frequent stirring, and hand 
weeding will be required in the rows. 
Melons and Squashes require much the same treat¬ 
ment as Cucumbers. They are of the tender group 
of vegetables, and require a warm, dry soil at time of 
planting. Allow an abundance of seed to each hill. 
Parsley .—Transplant from hot-bed for early, and 
sow seed in open ground for late crop. 
Ihas .—See previous month’s Notes, and “ Peas in 
Plenty,” March, p. 105. Sow a succession for con¬ 
stant table use. The large sorts will need brush. 
Peppers .—Set out plants when the weather has 
become settled. A few should be in every garden. 
Potatoes .—Keep clean of weeds by frequent hoe¬ 
ing and stirring the soil. Use Paris Green or Lon¬ 
don Purple for the “ bugs” as soon as they appear. 
Radishes will need to be sown every week or 60 
for a succession. Dust with plaster for insects. 
Salsify .—Sowthis month and keep clear of weeds. 
Spinach .—Keep the first crop clear of weeds, and 
sow every week or 10 days during the month. 
Tbmatoes should be put in hills 4 feet each way so 
soon as all danger of frosts is past. Provide some 
support for the plants before they fall over. A 
little straw or brush to keep the fruit from the soil 
may be used if the plants are not supported. 
Turnips .—The early sowings should be kept clear 
of weeds, and sprinkled with lime or plaster if the 
Black Fly appears. Sow seed for a late crop. 
Tools of all sorts required in the garden should al¬ 
ways be in good order and at hand ; this last is im¬ 
portant, therefore have a place for every tool, and 
when not in use let it always be found there. 
Flower Garden and Lawn, 
Lawn .—A light top-dressing of some fine fertili¬ 
zer should be applied. For this purpose, guano, 
ashes, ground bone, and nitrate of soda, are all 
good. Either of them may be used, at the rate 
of 200 pounds per acre. The best time to apply 
the soluble manures, like guano, and nitrate of 
soda, is just before a rain. If there are thin spots, 
sow grass seed upon them, and rake in. Lawns 
that are well established, should be mowed once a 
week, and the cutting left to protect the roots from 
the sun. Large weeds are best removed by hand¬ 
pulling, aided by an old chisel to secure the roots. 
Climbers are especially useful for decorating, and 
furnishing shade for verandas, and making screens 
for hiding unsightly places. Of the woody sorts, 
the Wistaria, Akebia, Clematis, Loniceras, etc., are 
among the best. If these can not be waited for, 
sow annuals, as Cypress Vine, Canary Bird Flower, 
Morning Glories, etc., or plant Maderia Vines. 
Annuals may be sown, and care should be taken 
to properly preserve names by using neat labels at 
time of planting, especially with new varieties. 
Rrennials should have been divided last month, 
as many start early. Old beds should be kept free 
from weeds, and the soil loose, by frequent hoeing. 
Bulbs. —Lilies, and Gladioluses, may be planted 
early, and if a part of the Gladiolus bulbs be kept 
out for a month, a longer succession of flowers 
may be had ; they should have stakes as a general 
thing. Cannas, which pass for bulbs, do better if 
not planted until the soil is thoroughly warmed. 
Wild Flowers .—Those who take an interest in 
cultivated flowers, can usually find a place in the 
garden for a collection of the prettiest of the wild 
flowers, and find much enjoyment in noting their 
time of appearance, etc. A “ rock-work ” is a 
pleasing feature in its place, which is not on a lawn. 
Castor Oil Plants are so tropical in their nature, 
that they make a fine show, and a few of them 
should be introduced wherever the garden is large 
enough. They do best started in a hot-bed and 
afterwards transplanted to the warm open ground. 
Greenhouse and Window Plants. 
The potted plants that are to stand out of doors, 
should have a partly shaded place, and be provided 
with a thick layer of coal ashes, to prevent worms 
from entering the pots from below. The plants in 
the greenhouse will need shade, and this can be 
produced by coating the glass with white-wash. 
Muslin screens will answer in small houses. 
Water should be freely used, and the houses provid¬ 
ed with an abundance of fresh air.... Fuchsias 
will serve to decorate verandas and like places, 
otherwise they had best remain in the greenhouse. 
....Hanging Baskets will need frequent attention, 
and should be plunged into a tub of water, and 
well soaked at least twice a week.It is safer to 
keep all choice tropical plants in the greenhouse, 
than to run any risk with them out of doors. 
Clear the house of all insects, and make any repairs 
necessary, while most of the plants are out. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist , 
from our record kept daily during the year, show at a 
glance the transactions for the month ending April 9th, 
1880, and for the corresponding period last year: 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TtIK NKW YOI.K MARKETS. 
Receipts. Finin'. Wheat. Corn. line. Rarleu. Outs. 
23d’st//tt m’t.li374,000 1 ,556,000 2.57U.000 G9.000 212.000 933,000 
24 d’s last M’tli368,l)00 1,251,000 2,137,000 41,000 409,000 890,000 
Sacks. Fin nr. Wheat. Corn. Hue. liar leu. Oats. 
23 d’s this m’h33S.OOb 23,571,000* 0,104,000* 181,000 383,000 1,918.000* 
24 d’s last. m’li303.0"0 24,100,000* 4.113.0011* 285,000194,0001,314,000* 
* Including sales for forward delivery. 
‘Z. Comparison with, same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Burley. Oats. 
23 days 1880. .374,000 1,150,000 2,579,000 09.000 272,000 935,000 
26 days 1879..413,000 3,457,000 2,916,000 814,000 207,000 811,000 
Salks. Finny. Wheat. Cam Hue. Jlarletf. Oats. 
23 days 1880.-338,000 23.571,000 6,101 001 181.000 381,000 1,918,000 
26 days 1879 . 393,000 8,431,000 5,087,000 439,000 201,000 1,213,000 
3. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Halt. 
bush. bush. bush. bush, bnsli. bush 
Apr. 6,18 5 0..3,430.747 894,236 06,497 230.9 7 S58.4S1 135.996 
Apr. 8, 1879. .2,629,' 63 804.584 403.233 432,832 650.308 85,577 
Apr.10, 1878.. 1,370,081 541,643 100,375 396,861 857,273 253,424 
4. Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to April 9. 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Peas. 
bbis. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. 
1330. .701,000 9,150.000 7.840.000 521,000 190,000 49.000 93,000 
1879. .824,400 10,703,000 7,094.500 850,700 63,7(0 85.200 142,830 
1873..770,100 12,893.746 5,232,029 974,966 1,153,912 81,564 145.351 
1877. .373,057 2,873,510 5,6 8,140 8.51,230 121,229 53.125 117,(60 
1876. .569,514 4,091,177 3,668,923 43,320 63,894 238,231 
A close Money market, continued activity in Stocks, 
Produce, and Merchandise, and more or less frequent 
and wide fluctuations in values received have been the 
notable features of business since our last review_A 
buoyant market his been noted in Real Estate, which 
has been in much more favor with buyers for investment 
purposes_Dry Goods, Boots, and Shoes, Hardware, 
and Leather have been in fair demand, and quoted gen¬ 
erally firm. Hides, Skins, and Rice have attracted more 
attention at stronger rates. Naval Stores, Drugs, and 
Dyes, Fish, Fruit, Hemp, Sugars, Coffee, Teas, and Mo¬ 
lasses have been in less urgent request, and have been 
somewhat unsettled, though leaving ofl' without import¬ 
ant changes_A brisk movement has been again re¬ 
ported in Cotton, the bulk of the dealings having been in 
the option line, but at reduced quotations....Wool lias 
been ruling in favor of holders, who have been reserved 
in their offerings of stock, especially of domestic product, 
while the inquiry for supplies lias been good....nops 
have recently met with a rather more urgent call, chiefly 
for home trade account, and the better qualities have 
been held with more confidence, as the offerings have 
been materially reduced... nay and Straw have been in 
fair demand at about former figures... .Seeds have been 
much depressed and quite irregular, on a very moderate 
inquiry, even from home trade sources....Metals have 
been much less sought after, and have been quoted 
generally loiver_Provisions have been moderately ac¬ 
tive, but variable, closing, as a rule, weaker....More 
liberal receipts and offerings, increased urgency on the 
part of holders to realize, rather less satisfactory advices 
by Cable, and a sharp rise in ocean freights worked de¬ 
cidedly against nearly all kinds of Breadstuff's, whicli 
declined seriously on an unsettled and sensitive mar¬ 
ket—Flour, Wheat, and Corn showing most depres¬ 
sion and irregularity—on free dealings in Wheat 
and Corn for prompt and forward delivery—in 
Wheat, chiefly in the way of options, and in Corn, 
mainly for prompt delivery. A moderate movement has 
been reported in Flour and Rye, at current quotations, 
Oats have been quite brisk, and recently buoyant in price 
—due partly to the requirements of specnlative operators 
to provide for maturing contracts—hut closed in favor of 
buyers.. Barley lias been exceptionably firm, with the 
better qualities in comparatively light supply and wanted. 
The recent export clearances of Grain from the Atlantic 
seaboard ports have been of unusual magnitude as well 
of Wheat, as Som, the shipments of which latter, within 
thi past week, readied over 3% million bushels. Favor¬ 
able weather, and encouraging crop reports have been 
adverse in their bearing on values in the European as well 
as in the domestic markets. The stocks of grain in store 
in Ne5V York harbor are steadily diminishing. The vis¬ 
ible supplies of Wheat—embracing the hoards at lake 
ports, in transit, and on the seaboard—at latest dates, 
embraced about 84,227,000 bushels ;—of Corn, 16,541,000 
bushels; of Rye, 680,500bushels; of Barley, 2,228,000 
bushels, and of Oats, 2,944,000 bushels, against on Janu¬ 
ary 31, an aggregate of 30,100,000 bushels Wheat, 13,100,000 
bushels Corn, 979 000 bushels Rye, 4,155,000 bushels Bar¬ 
ley, and 3,080,000 bushels Oats. Ocean grain freights 
were advanced materially on an active demand from the 
grain interest, but closed easier and comparatively tame, 
including by steam to Liverpool 6!4@7!4cf. per bushel; to 
Bristol, hy steam, to8<2. per bushel; to Antwerp by steam, 
to 8 d. per bushel, and by sail to Cork, for orders for ves¬ 
sels of average carrying capacity—say 3,000 to 4,000 qrs. 
— 4@5s. having been as high as 5s. 4%d.@5s. Cd. perquar- 
ter of 480 lbs. 
CURRENT WHOLESALE PRIORS. 
Fr.oun—Super to Extra Stnte 
T4 
65 
a 
5 
75 
*3 90 
a 
5 
40 
” Super to Extra South’ll. 
4 
«3 
a 
8 
25 
3 90 
a 
8 
00 
Extra Genesee. 
5 
75 
a 
7 
00 
5 40 
@ 
« 
75 
*• Superfine Western.. 
4 
65 
a 
5 
80 
3 90 
© 
4 
75 
• Extra Western . 
5 
80 
a 
9 
00 
4 85 
a 
8 
75 
“ " Minnesota. 
5 
SO 
© 
9 
00 
4 85 
© 
8 
50 
Buckwheat Flour. ¥ 100 ft a 
1 
80 
© 
1 
75 
Nominal 
Buckwheat, per hush. 
55 
a 
Nominal 
I.ih Flour, Superfine. 
4 
70 
a 
5 
15 
4 50 
© 
5 
10 
Corn*W kai. 
2 
SI) 
© 
3 
30 
2 50 
a 
X 
20 
Corn-Flour, per bbl. 
Oat Meal, ¥ bhl...... 
3 
75 
a 
4 
30 
3 75 
@ 
4 
25 
5 
00 
a 
7 
00 
4 50 
© 
6 
75 
Wheat— All kinds or White. 
1 
35 
a 
i 
45 
1 so 
a 
1 
S6k 
•• lied and Amber. 
i 
15 
no 
i 
46 
1 15 
© 
1 
40 
Spring. 
Corn—Y ellow . . 
1 
20 
00 
a 
a 
1 
45 
68 
1 JO 
55 
© 
© 
1 
32 
57 
•• White ... 
61 
a 
68 
5.8 
a 
58 
Mixed . 
59 
a 
65 
53 k a 
55 
Oats. 
46 
a 
54 
41 
a 
40 
9.3 
a 
97 k 
87 
a 
9! 
Barley. 
55 
a 
i 
05 
55 
a 
1 
06 
IIav— lisle, ¥ 100 tts.. 
Straw, ¥ ion fts. 
Cotton—M iddlings, ¥ ft .. 
Hons—Crop of 1879. 70 n>. 
1878, ¥ ft. 
olds, ¥ ft. 
FEATHERS — Live Cense. ¥ ft 
Skkd— clover, West. & St.¥16 
" Timothy, ¥ Inishel. 
" Flax. 1ft bushel. 
Tobacco. Kentucky, &c„ ¥ft. 
Seed Leaf. ¥ ft. 
Wool.—Domestic Fleece. Sib 
• ■ Domestic, pulled, $ lb .. 
California. 
Tat.i.ow, ¥ 1b . 
Oil-Cakr—¥ ton . 
Pork—M ess. ¥ barrel . 
Extra Prime. ¥ barrel. 
65 0 93 
45 @ 1 00 
13X@ 13)4 
65 0 90 
45 @ 1 00 
12 13k 
27 @ 40 
7 © 18 
4 © 12 
40 0 53 
7k@ 
10k 
5ka 
2 
90 
© 3 05 
2 
75 
a 
8 00 
1 
15 
© 1 80 
1 
75 
a 
1 80 
Sk@ 
14k 
8 
a 
14‘ 
— 
a 
• - 
6 
a 
40 
82 
a 
58 
82 
a 
60 
19 
a 
56 
20 
a 
57 
17 
a 
44 
18 
a 
45 
6k@ 
Gk 
6ka 
6S4 
31 
50 
@32 25 
29 
00 
©80 25 
11 
75 
ai2 50 
11 
60 
©il 65 
10 
00 
a 10 50 
— 
© 
— 
Href— Extra mess. 
11 0» 
@12 00 
11 00 
a 12 oo 
La ki». in tr.es. & l>bls, 100 lb 
7 65 
a 8 05 
7 50 
© 
7 90 
Butter— Slate. ¥ ft. 
18 
a 
87 
20 
a 
S3 
•• Western, poor to fey, lb. 
14 
a 
37 
11 
a 
31 
Cheese.. . . 
H 
a 
14 k 
9 
© 
141 
Egos— Fresh, ¥ dozen _ 
11 
a 
14 k 
9k@ 
12! 
Poultry— Fowls, ¥ ft. 
6 
a 
13 
5 
a 
13 
•• Chickens. ¥ ft. 
6 
a 
20 
7 
a 
22 
*• Roosters, $ . 
5 
a 
6 
4 
a 
5 
Capons, $ ..... 
15 
a 
21 
16 
a 
23 
Til rice vs—Tb... 
8 
a 
14 
10 
a 
13 
Geese, ¥ pair.. 
1 00 
a i 
75 
75 
a i so 
Geese, ¥ ft.. 
8 
© 
12 
10 
© 
12 
Ducks, ¥ pair. 
■' ¥ lb. 
Ducks. Wild, ¥ pair. 
Pigeons. ¥ dozen. 
English Snipe, ¥ dozen.... 
Apples,¥ barrel. . 
Strawberries, new So.,¥qt. 
Potatoes, new. per bbl. 
¥bbl. 
Sweet, lb bhl. 
Tomatoes, new, per box_ 
Turnips ¥ bbl. 
Beans—¥ bushel.. 
Peas—C anada, in bond. ¥ bu 
new, green. ¥ bag.. 
• ■ new. South’n, per crate 
String Beans, nw, Flor..p.c 
Carrots, ¥ bill.. 
Beets, ¥ lnO bunches. 
•• new Bermuda, per crate 
CAB3AGKS— ¥ 100. . 
new. ¥ bbl. 
Onions—¥ bbl... 
Crakbbrkiks, per crate. ... 
Squash. ¥ bbl... 
Cki.kry, per dozen bunches. 
Spinach. ¥ bbl. 
Asparagus, new. ¥ doz.bun 
Radishes, new ¥ 100 bun_ 
Cucumbers, ¥ 100.... 
a 
80 
. 15 
20 @ 2 00 
40 0 3 25 
4(0 @ 4 f-0 
2 25 @3 25 
20 0 50 
5 50 0 6 00 
1 00 ta 2 00 
a 3 oo 
0 1 00 
a i oo 
@ 1 80 
0 83 
Ctii 1 80 
@ 3 00 
- a — 
75 @ 1 25 
1 00 @ 1 25 
— a i oo 
4 00 @ 9 00 
2 75 
50 
1 85 
1 75 
1 00 
2 75 
7 00 
1 75 
2 00 
1 23 
a 4 50 
aio oo 
a 2 75 
a 3 oo 
a 2 50 
a - 
a - 
a - 
50 @ 86 
10 a i6 
25 a 2 1)0 
1 05 a 3 75 
1 00 a 1 25 
2 00 a 4 50 
15 @ 84 
4 00 @ 8 00 
1 00 @ 2 00 
3 00 a 3 56 
r,o a l oo 
62 a 75 
1 SO © 2 00 
— a — 
— a i so 
1 50 a 2 60 
2 00 a 3 00 
i oo a i so 
1 25 a 1 <5 
— a i so 
sio aiooo 
8 00 @ 3 50 
2 75 @ 6 00 
3 50 a 4 00 
1 50 a 2 75 
— a — 
1 00 @ 2 50 
5 00 a 9 00 
50 a 1 25 
2 00 a 6 04 
York Iiirc-Sfoek IVIarkels. 
RECEIPTS. 
WRRK ENDING 
Reeves. 
Cows. 
Calves. 
Sheep. 
Strine. 
Mar. 15 ... . 
234 
1,129 
29,483 
29.780 
Mar. 22. 
.12,997 
207 
1,898 
25.572 
82.(54 
Mar. 20. 
.11.270 
137 
1,727 
25,119 
3.'.086 
Apr. 5.... 
.11,805 
146 
2,741 
25,760 
32,03} 
Total for 4 Weeks. 
.50,366 
724 
7.895 
105,935 
126,373 
do.forprev.i II7se/ts41,770 
831 
3,825 
93,477 
124.14* 
Reeves. Cotas. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
Average per Week .12,591 181 1,974 26.4s! Sl,:9S 
do. do. last Month ..10,442 208 956 23,369 31.169 
do. do. prev's J/ontA..11,913 197 1,059 82,300 84,22} 
