21 4r 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[June, 
Contends of this Number. 
[Articles marked with a star (*) are illustrated; the fig¬ 
ure with the star indicates the number of illustrations.] 
Among the Farmers, No. 53.—The Bull is Half the 
Herd—The Jerseys—R. C. Paterson’s Herd—Norfolk 
Red Polled Cattle — H. P. Kretchmar’s Herd— 
“Annie Page”.226-227 
Barns, Water Supply for*.232 
Bee Notes for June. . 220 
Boys and Girls’ Columns:— The Doctor's Talks: 
To Fly the Kite—What Makes It Go Up ? An 
Anchor Ferry—Rope and Flat Boat Ferry. The 
Baby Elephant. Farming in Connecticut. Our 
Puzzle Box. A New Kind of Fishing. Boy’s Es¬ 
say on Corn. Shearing His First Sheep —10*.. 23S-240 
Bugs, Keeping off the .229 
Calendar for June . 214 
Census of Forest Trees.235 
Combs, Curry.•.10*.. 228 
Comfrey, Prickly.232 
Cow, Jersey Belle of Scituate*.225 
Cow, Keeping One. . 221 
Cow, The Family—A Prize Essay*.230 
Drainage, Experiments in Deep.229 
Fences and Fencing. 8*. .222-223 
Flax and Flax Machinery*.232 
Fluke, The Liver or “ Sheep Rot.”.219 
Fritillarias, California*. 233 
Fungus, The Elderberry*.234 
Garden, Flower and Lawn.216 
Garden, Kitchen and Market. 215 
Garden, The Fruit.. * .215 
Gardening in Public Institutions . 234 
Gate, Another Flood*.227 
Greenhouse and Window Plants. 216 
Holder, A Rail*.229 
Horticulture at R. R Stations.234 
Household: A Cocoanut Flower Bracket. Home 
Topics: Early Breakfasts—Codfish Balls—The Baby 
Jumper—Little Girls’ Underclothes. A Screen for 
the Bird Cage. A Novel Pin Cushion. The Sweet 
Potato Vine. How to Make a Flag. Cooking 
Spinach and other Greens. A Balance Picture 
Holder. Around the House, nome-made Feather 
Duster. A Cheap Glue Pot.7*..236-237 
Honey Suckle, The Most Fragrant.235 
Horse, The Temper of.229 
Humbugs, Sundry. 218-219 
liilies. Cultivating Water.235 
Markets for June. 216 
Milking and Milking Time.228 
Orchard ana Nursery.215 
Outside, Judging by the.227 
Plants, Alpine or Rock-work..2*..233 
Back. A Hogshead Sheep*. 231 
Rack for Hay*...223 
Reel, A Garden*.235 
Roller, A Home-made Field... ...3*. .227 
Scraper, A Tree*.234 
Service, The U. S. Signal, and Farmers*.231 
Stallion, the Young Clay Hambletonian*.213 
Sweeper. A Lawn.2*. .221 
Tile-Drain, How Water Enters a*.223 
Trap, Another Mouse*.-.227 
Trellis. Another Tomato*.235 
Yellow-wood, American. 235 
AVool-Box, A Handy. 2*..226 
Worm, The Cabbage. 228 
INDEX TO “ BASKET,” AND OTHER SHORT ARTICLES. 
Aborlion in Ewes.220 Lima Semi-Centennial...218 
Agric’l in Pennsylvania..217 Machines, Mowing.217 
Animal, The Test. . 219 “ Making Roads”.216 
Asparagus in Wet Soil. .245 Manure, Liquid... .245, 246 
Authority, “The”.247 Milk, Bitter .247 
Barrels, Coal Oil.246 Mifk in New Jersey.247 
Bee Keepers, English....220 
Beets, Soil for...218 
Bush, Stagger.219 
Butter, Granular.24' 
“Canoe and Camera”_217 
Caps, Hay.246 
Census, The Tenth.218 
Clover, Swedish.246 
Competition, Australian.246 
Corn, Big Peruvian.247 
Corn, To Measure.247 
Cow, Record of Dairy.. .220 
Cows, Size of.218 
Crop. The Buckwheat. .246 
Cutlery. American. 247 
Drain, Clearing a.218 
Milking in Texas.217 
Millet Seed forChickens.247 
Motor, Tiie New Water..220 
Needle,WonderfulThing.219 
Notes on Food.. .220 
Osage Orange.245 
Pansies, Beautiful.247 
Pipes for Water.240 
Plants to Sleep.217 
Potatoes to Bermuda_247 
Postage Stamp Nonsense220 
Powders, Condition.220 
Pumps, Force and Insect247 
Quarterly, A Beet.220 
Root Cutter.245 
Roots .218 
Essays, The Prize.247^ Rot in Sheep.219 
Farming, High.220 Rules in Old English_219 
Flea, The Cabbage.218 Saws. 220 
Food for Fowls. 247 Science versus Common 
Friend and Guide.220 Sense. . .. 218 
Fruit. Beautiful Dried.. .219 Sheep Dipping. "..246 
Hay fora Horse.220 Sod Culture, Hastening. .217 
Hill-Sides, Washing.219 Soil, Night.' 217 
Hydrangea, 'Titos.Hogg’,247 “The Complete Home”. ^247 
Information Desired.246 Thistles Enrich Soil ?_218 
Insects, Damage by.217 Timber. Michigan.. . 216 
It is well.217|Tools, Grinding.246 
“Kansas Millet” .219|Top-dressing for Grass. .219 
Ladders.219iTree, Veteran Peach_246 
Ledonx, Prof. A. R.247|“ Two Birds, etc.”. 220 
Lily, Pond, Culture.2471 White-Grub, Fighting...247 
Calendar for June, 1880. 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
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8 38 mo 
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4 1 ev. 
7 56 mo. 
4 7 mo. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, JUNE, 1880. 
Hints for the Work of the Month. 
[The Hints and Suggestions in these columns are 
never copied from previous years, but are freshly pre¬ 
pared for every month, from the latest experience and 
observations, by practical mm in each department .] 
So far as our observation and information extends 
the prospect for the various farm crops is good, 
and if average weather is given us until harvest 
time the farmer may expect a good return for his 
labor. Any trouble from “ over production ” is not 
to be feared as the foreign market is steady and will 
need all we can produce in the way of grains, 
meats, etc., to supply it. Emigration to the West 
is going on to an extent rarely before known, and 
it is reasonable to expect that there will he a good 
supply of labor for the present season ; and a large 
area of new land taken up by the new comers and 
rapidly worked into productive farms. 
Corn .—Frequent cultivation is necessary to the 
destruction of the weeds while they are young. A 
smoothing harrow may be used while the com is 
small, to be followed by the cultivator and hoe, as 
the plants get larger. The double cultivator with 
a span of horses, is more economical than the sin¬ 
gle cultivator and a single horse, as it saves the 
labor of one man. One great advantage of the 
corn crop, is the opportunity furnished for thorough 
tillage, the beneficial influence of which will be felt 
throughout the whole rotation of crops. The 
labor expended upon the growing corn, should be 
charged in part against the crops that are to follow. 
Fodder Corn may be sown in drills, 2i to 3 feet 
apart, and at intervals of ten days, for several 
weeks to come. It is not well to sow the seed 
broadcast, as the plants, to do the best, need to he 
cultivated while young, and for this purpose, drills 
are necessary. The smaller varieties are preferable 
on account of superior fineness of the fodder. The 
notion that sweet corn is better for corn fodder 
than the ordinary field sorts, is without foundation. 
That the grain is sweeter in the former, does not 
indicate that the stalks are any better. 
Swedish Turnips may be sown this month, in 
drills 30 inches apart. A plenty of seed should he 
sown, to insure an even stand of plants—2 lbs. 
per acre is not too much. The land should be well 
manured, and thoroughly prepared—a fine tilth is 
especially essential to success on old ground. Thin 
the plants, when the second leaf appears, to at leasij 
12 to 15 inches apart. Partial or total failure is, in- 
many cases, to be attributed to defective thinniug. 
Mowing Machines have come to be an indispen¬ 
sable part of the machinery of the farm. It is a 
serious loss of time and money to get in any large 
crop of hay without using them. Scythes may be 
used around fence corners, trees, etc., but in open 
fields they must give place to the horse mowers, 
many kinds of which are so near perfection that it 
is hard to go astray iu selecting one. 
Haying .—Clover and Timothy should be cut when 
in full blossom; if allowed to get ripe, the quality of 
hay is not so good. By beginning early the work 
need not be hurried. Use the mower after the dew 
is off in the forenoon. Cut only as much as can be 
well cared for. It is often remarked that the aver¬ 
age quality of hay is not so good as before the intro¬ 
duction of the mowing machines, from the tempta¬ 
tion to cut the grass faster than it can be cured. 
Hay Tedders are important implements in con-' 
junction with the mower. Frequent stirring of the 
grass, to give the air access to all parts without 
burning the surface in the sun, is a great aid in 
making hay of the best quality. Grass cut in the. 
forenoon, and well stirred with the tedder, may be 
put into cocks in the afternoon, when it will cure 
better than if spread over the surface of the meadow. 
Hay Caps are excellent things to protect the hay 
from the damage that showers would otherwise do 
to the curing hay. They should be made of stout 
cotton, a yard or yard and a half square, provided 
with loops at the comers for fastening down with 
wooden pegs. If well eared for, a set of caps wilL 
last many years, and save several times their cost. 
Sheep Shearing .—Washing sheep under the pres¬ 
ent system of buying wool, will perhaps be the pre¬ 
vailing practice. If care is taken to keep the sheep 
so that the wool will not be filled with dirt, it is 
better not to wash. Fleeces should he done up 
with care, nicely rolled and securely tied with light 
twine. When it is known that a farmer puts up 
his wool in neat shape without any tags, etc., he 
will obtain the highest price. Everywhere, but 
especially here, “honesty is the best policy.” 
Ticks .—Immediately after shearing, the ticks 
leave the sheep for the longer wool of the lambs. 
The lambs thus infested should be dipped in a de- 
coctiou of tobacco stems, which will destroy the 
ticks. Several special dips are in the market. 
Potatoes .—The Colorado Beetle must be kept in 
check by a free and judicious U6e of Paris Green, 
or the equally efficient and cheaper London Purple. 
The liquid method of application, using some sort 
of a sprinkler, is now most generally practised. It 
must be remembered that these substances are dead¬ 
ly poisons, to be handled with caution and stored 
in a secure place, or serious results may follow. 
Buckwheat may be sown during this month, and 
may be made a profitable crop, especially upon 
newly cleaned ground where the mellowing effects 
of the crop are of importance. The Silver-Hull 
buckwheat is better than the common variety, the 
yield being greater, and the flour from it is whiter 
and of a finer quality than the ordinary sort. 
Poultry .—Many chickens are carried off by hawks, 
rats, etc., unless safe coops are provided, which 
should be closed at night and not opened until the 
dew is off the grass in the morning. 
Cellars should be ventilated at night and kept 
closely shut up and dark in the day time. The 
outer air highly charged with moisture, if allowed 
to enter the cellar in the day time will deposit 
much of its moisture upon the cold walls, and the 
cellar is made more damp instead of dryer by the 
day ventilation. 
Summer-Fallows .—In rare cases it may be well to 
summer-fallow. The object is mainly to kill off 
weeds that have become plentiful and are other¬ 
wise difficult to destroy, especially on heavy clay 
soils. There are so many green crops that may be 
grown to advantage for cleaning the ground, that it 
seldom pays to keep a field idle for a whole season 
merely to rid it of weeds. If it is decided to sum¬ 
mer-fallow it should be done with thoroughness- 
