2 54 : 
[July, 
<> 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
Contents of this Number. 
[Articles marked with a star (*) are illustrated ; the fig¬ 
ure with the star indicates the number of illustrations.] 
Among the Farmers, No. 54.—Artificial Incubation— 
A Hydro Mother—The Chick in the Egg—Removal 
of Infertile Eggs—Dry Spring Weather—The Early 
Amber Sugar Cane.250-267 
Animals, About Training*.269 
Bee Notes for July*.287 
Borer, The Clover Root.274 
Boys and Girls’ Columns:— The Doctor's Talks: 
Balloons and Chinese Lanterns—Why Does a Bal¬ 
loon Go Dp ?—Something Lighter than Air—Making 
the Balloon—Sending it Up. Puzzle Picture. Our 
Puzzle Box. Illustrated Rebus. A Trip Over the 
Mountains. Something About Glass. The Day We 
Celebrate.6*. .27S-280 
Brush, A Garden. .2*..269 
Calendar for July. 254 
Caterpillars, Stinging*.275 
Corn House, A Kansas.3*..266 
Corydalis, The Bulbous*... 274 
Cow, Keeping One—A Prize Essay.270 
Currants, Why not More.274 
Barm Work, Hints for the Month.254 
Fence, Experience with Barbed.2*..261 
Floor for Cow’s Stall.3*..267 
Fly, The Onion. .2*..263 
Fungus, The Raspberry*.275 
Garden, Flower and Lawn.255 
Garden, Kitchen and Market.255 
Garden, The Fruit.255 
Grain, Shocking.4*. .272 
Grass, Hungarian.267 
Greenhouse and Window Plants.255 
Horseradish Culture.275 
House, A Cheap and Convenient Poultry.5*..268 
House, Plan for a $3,500.263-264 
Household: A Fungus Fern Bracket. Home Topics: 
Bachelor House-keeping—Dried Apples Eatable— 
Soaking Clothes-Hard Water for Washing. Water 
Filters. Yeast: What Is It? A Summer Lamp 
Shade. Progress in the Kitchen.5*..276-277 
Humbugs, Sundry . 258 
Jerseys, Auction Sale of*.287 
teaf-Folder of the Grape-Vine.2*..273 
Log-Raiser, A*.267 
manure, Liquid, for the<Iarden.275 
Markets for July.256 
Novelties Not Always New.2*. .271 
Nuts and Nubbins. . 289-290 
Oven, A Baker’s.4*..272 
Pasture, A Shady Cow*. 253 
Peetsi, or Zebra of the Plains*.265 
Products, Feeding Waste.268 
Purple, London, vs. Paris Green.268 
Sawdust for Bedding.272 
Science Applied to Farming, LVIII.262 
Sheep, The Iceland*. . 265 
Shoe, Replacing a Horse’s.271 
Stretcher, A Simple Wire*.275 
Tedders. Hay, The Use of. 268 
Trees, Planting Fruit, for Ornament*.273 
Water-Cresses without Water.274 
Work in America. . 272 
Worm, The Army—Its Habits.3* .261 
Worm, The Army- More About.262 
Worms, Cabbage Again—Other Remedies.2S6 
INDEX TO “BASKET,” AND OTHER SHORT ARTICLES. 
“A Vine” . 25S 
Ants. Red . 259 
Apples Abroad.287 
Ashes, Coal. 287 
Barrels. Coal Oil.260 
Barrels, Paper.258 
Barn. FixUp.287 
Boulders in Oregon.260 
Buckwheat . 287 
Bugs, Chinch.286 
Buildings, Insure Farm..257 
“Calf Feeder’’.289 
Canoe and Camera.289 
Comforts, Summer Day. .258 
Cow-Milkers.287 
Disease, The Potato.289 
Dog of the Farm. . 258 
Emigration, The Tide....259 
Ensilage.287 
Essay, The Cow.259 
Horse-Fork. Neglected.. .259 
Ice and Ice Houses. 287 
Improvement, Rural.289 
Labor ot Pig .258 
Lice, To Rid of.257 
Locusts in West Va . .. 260 
Machinery, Sorghum.289 
Manure, Value of.260 
Microscope, The.286 
Milk, Bitter.285 
Millet and Abortion.250 
Pea, “ Am. Wonder”... .289 
Pea-nut Ash.286 
Pigs, Heavy.259 
Pie, A Doctor on.286 
Plan, Thellonse.257 
Poll Evil.258 
Potash Salts.256 
“ Pussly ” .2.59 
Raspberries.260 
Excursions to Europe_285|Record, Keepinga .259 
Farming, Profitable. 256|Sheep, Never Keep Old. .289 
Farms, English Sewage..286 Shirts by Mail.289 
Fodder, Winter. 289 l Shoes. Wooden.289 
Fruits. Small.. 287;Soc:ety. The Miss. Valley289 
Fruits,Success withSmall258,Stock Breeding.289 
Goat, Angora. Company.,259;Stones in the Meadow.. .258 
Grain, Drawing. 287 Stumps .... .257 
Grub, White. 289 Sugar, Beet Root.289 
Hats for Horses. ... 289 Ti mber. Time to Cut... 259 
Hen-Manure. 256 “Two Acres”.258 
Hen Manure. How Use..259 T. N. S. S., etc.286 
Hen, To Break up. .286 Westward Moving.286 
Hops, Wild .289 Weevils, Barn.260 
House, Barb, Wat r for. .250 Wheat and Hessian Fly..259 
Calendar for July, 1880. 
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3 
FHASES OF 
THIS 
MOON. 
MOON. 1 BOSTON. 
N. YORK. 
WASII’N. 
cha’ston 
CHICAGO. 
In.'n. m. 
New M’n 7 ; 8 31 mo. 
1st Quart 151 1 32 mo. 
Full M'n 21 4 18 ev. 
3(1 Qnart.i2S 6 57 ev. 
»r. m. 
8 25 mo. 
1 20 mo. 
4 6 ev. 
6 45 ev. 
H. M. 
8 13 mo 
1 8 mo 
3 54 ev. 
6 33 ev. 
n. ji. 
8 1 mo. 
0 56 mo. 
3 42 ev. 
6 21 ev. 
IT. 31. 
7 31 mo. 
0 26 mo. 
3 12 ev. 
5 51 ev. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, JULY, 1880. 
Hints for the Work of the Month. 
[The Hurts and Suggestions in these columns are 
never copied from previous years, but are freshly pre¬ 
pared for every month , from the latest experience and 
observations, by practical men in each department .] 
Harvesting. —The work of harvesting the wheat, 
oats, barley, etc., should be begun before the grain 
is fully ripe, as it is less liable to shrink and is there¬ 
fore heavier and of a better quality. The straw is 
worth more if the crop is cut before the grain is 
fully ripe, an important consideration on every 
farm where straw is used for fodder. There is also 
less waste from the shelling of the grain in the 
process of harvesting ; while the work can be per¬ 
formed without that hurry and rush which must be 
experienced if the grain is left until later. A delay 
from unfavorable weather does not involve a serious 
loss when the work is begun early, and in season. 
Com.—The cultivator should be kept going, to 
both kill the weeds and pulverize the soil and keep 
it damp and mellow. When the corn gets large 
the horse should be muzzled that he may not be 
nibbling at the corn and forget his work among the 
abundant green fodder. It should be kept in mind 
that the work of cultivating the corn crop has a 
great influence upon the growth of the crops that 
are to follow. The full returns for work done in 
the corn field are not all in when the corn is gath¬ 
ered, a point that should always be borne in mind. 
Summer Fallow. —A summer fallow was formerly 
considered the proper preparation fora wheat crop. 
Where hoed crops are introduced into a regular ro¬ 
tation of crops, the desired cleaning of the land 
and pulverization of the soil may be effected with¬ 
out resorting to the more expensive method of 
fallowing. This being the case, the increase in the 
amount of roots grown will diminish the acreage 
devoted to summer fallow. 
Wheat. —When wheat follows oats in the rotation, 
the stubble may be stirred with' a cultivator to give 
the scattered oats a chance to sprout before plow¬ 
ing for the wheat crop. If the oat crop, is harvested 
before the grain is fully ripe, as it should be, there 
is less need of this precaution. 
Turnips .—Flat turnips may be sown this month 
for early feeding. Although not so profitable for 
the main crop as Swedes or mangels, they have their 
place in a farm system that economizes labor by its 
uniform distribution throughout the season. Flat 
turnips are not to be recommended as feed for cows 
giving milk, but they are valuable for sheep, espec¬ 
ially in making a gradual change from grass to the 
dry feed of winter. 
Fodder Corn may be sown in succession as di¬ 
rected in June, as late as the middle of this month. 
The small quick growing varieties are to be pre¬ 
ferred. The latter part of July and through the 
month of August, in our northern climate, the pas¬ 
tures get dry in average seasons, so that a modified 
soiling system is desirable to secure a full supply 
of feed for the cows and horses. 
Fodder Crops in the shape of Millet or Hungarian 
grass may be sown during the early part of this 
month, and as the hay crop is very light in many 
places, a fodder crop of some kind will be more 
than usually important this year. The soil for a 
fodder crop should either be naturally rich or made 
so by manuring, or it will not pay to prepare it for 
any of these quick growing grains which have but 
little time in which to make their growth, and must 
get to a good size in order to be profitable. 
Meadows. —As soon as may be after the hay is 
gathered give the meadows a good top dressing of 
fine manure. This will produce a thick bottom 
growth to shade the ground and prevent the soil 
from drying up and injuring the roots of the grasses. 
Water Supply. —An abundant supply of pure 
water is essential to keep animals in a healthy and 
thriving condition. The importance of pure water 
for animals is too often overlooked; Impure water 
is a fruitful source of disease to animals as well, 
as man, and the quality of milk is impaired when 
cows are compelled to drink at stagnant pools. 
Cows giving milk should not be allowed to fall 
off in quantity from insufficient feed. It is more 
difficult to increase the flow of milk after a shrink¬ 
age from lack of full feed than to keep up a high 
activity of the secretion by artificial feed. When 
the habit of diminished milk secretion at a particu¬ 
lar time of year is established, as it will be by repe¬ 
tition, it is not always easy to prevent it entirely by¬ 
liberal feeding. The habit will also be transmitted! 
to the offspring as a family characteristic that will 
diminish the value of the animal as a producer of 
milk. Give the cows extra feed so soon as the 
pasture begins to get short. 
Horses need good care in these hot days of mid¬ 
summer. They should he kept clean by frequent 
currying and occasional washing of the legs and 
feet. The flies will cause the most inconvenience,, 
and while working in the field some protection 
from them in the shape of nets or thin blankets 
(sheets) is a great comfort to the animals. Keep 
the stables clean that they may not harbor the flies 
or develop any bad odors. Horses that are at regu¬ 
lar farm work need good food—better than grass 
alone will give. Oats or ground feed of some kind 
must supplement the pasture at night. 
Sheep can care for themselves if they have a shady 
pasture supplied with good water. The matter of 
a ram to be used later in the season should be con¬ 
sidered now and secured in time, if not already on 
hand. A full-blood will often improve the flock. 
Pigs .—A run in a good clover stubble will be 
beneficial. The yards should be kept as clean as 
possible. A quantity of copperas sprinkled about 
the pens will deodorize and disinfect the place very 
satisfactorily and cheaply. Young pigs should be 
pushed now if they are for early market. A rapid 
growth secured now is of the greatest importance. 
If the stock is not what is desired begin to improve 
it at once by securing a pure-blood boar of some 
good breed to use in the herd. 
Poultry. —Chickens hatched this month will, if 
-well eared for, be large enough to get through 
the winter safely. It is not best to set any hens 
after July. Vermin breed very fast in hot weather 
and great cleanliness is necessary. 
Growing Seed Corn. —It has been conclusively 
shown that any grain can be improved by a careful 
and continued selection of the seed. This is 
especially true of corn—and it is a grain in which 
a selection can be most easily and thoroughly car- 
