306 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[Au»ust, 
more than those which American breeders were 
at that time familiar with. Those which were 
selected in England, proved exceedingly good. 
They were the progeny of animals bought on the 
Island for English breeders, and selected doubtless 
in much the same way. The dealer taking time, 
making his selection, and paying the farmer’s price. 
The rules of the Am. Jersey Cattle Club exclude 
these English bred animals now, unless they can be 
traced back, animal by animal, to the Island. 
Why this rule should prevail now, to exclude such 
animals as “ Rioter 2nd,” and “Vesta,” we do not 
know, and certainly it seems unwise; and how it 
comes that these auimals, tracing simply to the 
herds of well-known, reliable English breeders, 
were admitted to registration, does not appear. 
“ Eurotas’ ” Butter record has been repeatedly 
given for one week, namely, 22 lbs. bounces. She 
has been tested this year since her calving in 
November—the test beginning Nov. 10th.—Between 
this date, and April 10th, she yielded 364 pounds, 
15 ounces of butter, according to a statement pub¬ 
lished by Mr. P. C. Kellogg. From him we obtain 
the results to June 10th, as given herewith. 
For five months ending April 10.364 lbs. 15 oz. 
“ the month “ May 10. 73 lbs. 13 oz. 
“ “ “ Jnne 10 . 91 lbs. 9 oz. 
So far, in seven months from calving. .530 lbs. 5 oz. 
This last monthly statement shows over three 
pounds of butter a day, for the seventh month after 
calving, and about the fifth of pregnancy. For the 
last day of the record, the amount of butter is esti¬ 
mated, being taken at half that of the two previous 
days. Churning is done on alternate days, that of 
the 9th and 10th being churned together. 
The portrait we present, is copied from a paint¬ 
ing by Mr. H. S. Kitteridge of this City, kindly 
loaned by Mr. P. C. Kellogg, and is a most accurate 
picture of the cow. It is hardly necessary to direct 
attention to her characteristic wedge shape, heavy 
at the rear, and thin and delicate forward, or to the 
enormous lacteal development, or indeed, to the 
roomy frame, and capacious abdomen, offering 
plenty of room for the digestive and assimilative 
apparatus, which must be iD the very best order for 
such work as she is doing with ease and enjoyment 
all the time. “ Eurotas ” is of a brown color, lighter 
upon the legs and ridge of the back, where it ap¬ 
proaches gray. She is an animal of excellent con¬ 
stitution, as shown by her form, and proved by her 
performance. She is thick through the breast, 
having a deep sound chest, good muscular develop¬ 
ment, and excellent under pinning. She will do 
well on a mountain pasture, in all weather, and no 
doubt equally well stall fed, and with little exercise. 
Among the Farmers.—No. 55. 
BY ONE OF THEM. 
I was greatly distressed by the drouth this 
spring. My oats were set back wonderfully, though 
in good season, and as I have had rather poor luck 
in seeding with spring grain lately, I concluded to 
sow no grass-seed, but cut early and sow grass with 
turnips on the oat stubble. 
The rag-weed and smart-weed made their appear¬ 
ance early among the oats and, of course, grew iu 
spite of the dryness of the soil. I was led there¬ 
fore to my first experiment in 
Harrowing' Growing Grain. 
I used a Thomas’ harrow, and the soil was like 
an ash heap. There had been corn on the ground 
last year, on part of it at least, and the stalks were 
not all covered and there were a few stones. Where 
the harrow teeth caught a corn-stalk destruction 
was wrought, apparently at least, and a loose clod 
or stone, or any thing that would drag, made havoc 
also. Where the harrow ran unimpeded it was bad 
enough. I could not sit on the harrow—that made 
things look too bad, but I did make two or three 
bouts for experiment sake. The Thomas’ harrow, 
consisting, as it does, of three small harrows drawn 
abreast with a seat for the driver straddling over 
them, so that if the driver sits in the middle, the 
pressure of his weight will bear evenly upon all, 
is not handy to turn sharp corners with, and I found 
Icould leave unharrowed half-moon shaped patches 
in the corners much easier than not. In a few 
cases I did so for the sake of comparison. 
A sorrier looking field of oats I never saw than 
Ihat was after once going over. I felt sick, and my 
man, Michael, held up his hands aghast. 
We had one or two scorching days. The weeds, 
still very small, were killed where ever sufficiently 
disturbed. Then we had a fine shower, and the 
prostrate crop revived wonderfully. The result 
upon the weeds was so satisfactory, that after har¬ 
rowing the potatoes just showing the rows well, in 
part of the same lot, I put the harrow on to the 
oats for the second time, still leaving some of the 
corner patches which were missed by the harrow 
the first time. The oats were six to ten inches 
high, measuring the full length of the leaves of 
some that were torn out. If I regarded it a piece 
of heroism to go on after the first bout at the first 
harrowing, it was doubly so the second time, and I 
hesitated seriously. One crop of weeds had been 
pretty well killed, another was just showing itself 
in the seed leaf, having sprung up after the shower, 
but the oats were so large, I argued, that these will 
never have a chance at light and air until after har¬ 
vest, and then they will be plowed under. I re¬ 
sisted temptation and harrowed away. The crop 
looked worse than ever, and seemed to pick up 
very gradually during the excessively dry weather. 
We had rains after a while and it started and 
soon looked as if nothing had happened, and now, 
June 12th, is a pleasure to behold. I have never 
had a grain crop so free from weeds. Another 
year 1 will plan to harrow four times at least, 
especially if the weather be moist. In dry weather 
the weeds are most effectually killed, but more of 
the oats are dragged out too. I have heretofore 
reported the experiments of my neighbors in har¬ 
rowing grain, but this is my own, and as the results 
tally well with those previously reported, I am well 
satisfied to inaugurate the new practice and fol¬ 
low it at least until we get to hoeing grain, which 
I well believe is superior practice. 
Bigr Horses. 
There is a remarkable change in the size of loads 
drawn in our principal cities, especially in Boston 
and New York. Boston has taken the lead in this 
matter, and her buyers have picked up blocky, heavy 
horses all over the country, while New York has 
been satisfied with liighth. The leggy, sixteen to 
seventeen-hand brutes which we see here would 
not sell there, for they go all for weight. For 
steady draft, large slow moving teams do their work 
more economically than quick moving ones. It is 
far better to go once with a heavy load than twice 
with light ones. It is your comparatively small, 
quick going, nervous horses that baik. Some¬ 
times a heavy horse will refuse to draw, but rarely. 
At the French sale stables they put a horse—any 
draft horse they have to sell—before a dray with 
locked wheels and make him draw it, or at least 
do his “level bes.t,” scratching like a cat, the fire 
flying from the pavement, to hrow that he will not 
balk. Where they sell draft horses in this country 
they make them trot off to show their fine action 
and style. But we are learning fast, the Perche- 
ron, Norman, and Clydesdale stallions that come 
over on almost every steamer, are fast making a 
change and the trucks are getting larger every 
season. Now we need better pavements and better 
country roads, so that we can use the enormous 
power of these large horses to the best advantage. 
I was speaking about them to Thomas Galbraith, 
formerly manager for Mr. Thorne at the time he 
had the famous Duchess Herd, and he told this 
story about 
London Truck Horses. 
Mr. Galbraith took two large bulls, “Lord Ox¬ 
ford,” and one of the “Thorndale Dukes,” 1 be¬ 
lieve, out to England for the purchaser. He landed 
in London and Wanted to get them across the city 
to a railway station, distant about Jhree miles. 
Rather than lead them over on the always slippery 
pavements he concluded to put them on one of the 
low-hung truck, orplatform, wagons which they use 
for moving heavy freight, like molasses and sugar 
hogsheads. The owner of a line of one-horse 
vehicles of this character on a stand, named 14 
shillings ($3.50) as the price he would let him have- 
a truck for. “Is not that a high price?”—“No, 
it’s right, they’re good horses,” said the truck 
owner.—“ Well,” said Galbraith, “ I will give them 
a pretty good load.”—“ See here,” said the other, 
“ if you mean to put over three tons (6,720 pounds) 
behind one of my horses for that trip you can’t 
have them at all.”—When afterwards Galbraith 
came along with the two bulls, one weighing 2,400, 
and the other 2,200, standing together on the plat¬ 
form drawn by one horse, he was greeted : “ Ha-ha 1 
Is that what you call a ‘pretty good load’ ? ” 
We will come to this one of these days in this 
country, but we must have better roads, heavier 
horses and stronger trucks. It is rare to see 
over three tons behind a pair of horses in New 
York. Six-ton loads are certainly as frequently 
seen in Liverpool and London as loads of half the 
weight are here. 
Feed for Butter. 
At this time when so much attention is given to 
butter production, we are naturally on the lookout 
for fodder that will improve both the quantity and 
the quality of that product. Cora fodder holds a 
deservedly high place as milk-producing food, but 
the quality of the milk is thin unless meal be added 
to the stalks, or fed in connection with them. 
Mr. L. W. Ledyard, of Cazenovia, Madison Co., 
N. Y., has a fine herd of Channel Island cows, both 
Jerseys and Guernseys, and finds that Golden Mil¬ 
let fed to his cows produces a marked change in 
the quality of the butter and probably also in the 
quantity. The butter comes much firmer and of a 
more granular and waxy texture. I did not have 
the opportunity to question Mr. L. very closely, SO' 
as to learn his full experience. He has, however, 
established the fact to his own satisfaction that 
this is the best food he can give his cows to secure 
the best quality of butter. I would have been glad 
to know how Hungarian or other millets compared 
with it. The comparison in Mr. Ledyard’s mind 
was clearly as between hay and corn fodder, and 
Golden Millet. Wheat bran is a milk-making food, 
bnt it does not increase the butter very much. 
Cabbages and turnip tops increase both the milk 
and the butter, but do not improve the flavor. 
Parsnips and carrots certainly and largely increase 
both the quantity of the milk and yield of butter, 
and improve the quality of the latter. Sugar beets 
and mangels are among the best milk producing 
articles of bovine diet, and the quality does not 
suffer so far as I know. How important it is that 
we should have experiments, yielding definite and 
valuable results. I believe the New York Legis¬ 
lature passed a bill for 
An Experiment Station 
at the last session. Efforts had been made before 
for an appropriation for such an end, and now w.e 
presume we may give the credit to the known in¬ 
terest of the Governor in the institution named in 
honor of his father, and which in the popular 
mind has always been an Agricultural College. 
The success of such an “Experiment Station” does 
not depend upon appropriations, though money is 
always necessary. It too often happens that money 
easily obtained, as by vote of a Legislature, or Act 
of Congress, is easily spent, and that without ac¬ 
complishing the ends intended. When such an 
institution grows by its own necessities, under judi¬ 
cious management, it is sure to accomplish great 
good. There are hundreds of problems presenting 
themselves to the thinking farmer, and student of 
agriculture, which can only be answered on the 
farm, in the feeding stalls, or pig pens, in the dairy 
or in some other practical way ; where the land and 
the manure heap, the live stock and their products, 
the chemical laboratory and microscope, and the 
whole range of philosophical instruments from 
rain-gauges to lactometers, in one way or another, 
in good earnest hands, cooperate to bring about 
valuable results. 
Preparation for Fall Crops.— There is the 
good and the poor way of preparing the ground for 
the reception of the seed of the crops sown in the 
fall. The large average yield of the wheat crop of 
England is due in a great measure to the great care 
