334 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[ September 
Concents of this Humber. 
[Arti leg marked with astart*) are illustrated ; the fig¬ 
ure with the star indicates the number of illustrations.] 
Among the Farmers, No. 56.—Testing Plows—Smoke 
House, Ash Pit, and Boiler House —Picking 
Fruit. '(*..340-347 
Bag worm. The Basket, or.. 335 
Barn. Plan for a Small.3*..349 
Bee Notes for September.370 
Bot Fly. The Sheep. 3*..340 
Bots and Girls’ Columns:—TA e Doctor's Talks: 
The White Grub—Picture Puzzle—Our Puzzle Bos 
— “Dicky,” or Our “Horned Toad "—Another of 
the 'Oiogies—At the Fair—The Tired Nut Gath¬ 
erers .9*..35S-360 
Broomo-Corn, Harvesting*.316 
Cart, A Hand for the Farm* .350 
Chair, The Adjustable Folding*.368 
Corn Fodder Preservation of in Silos.341 
Cottage, A Convenient, Costing £1,COO.3*. .352 
Crusher for Clods*.330 
Cultivator for Wueat*.350 
Currant Culture. “Fay's Prolific”*.354 
Bigger for Muck and Mud... .3*..349 
Drains. Sink: How to Clean.336 
Bair List. Our.367-368 
Gate-Latch. ASpring.2V 350 
Hare, the Polar*.345 
Hints for the Work of the Month.334-335 
Hints and Helps for Farmers:—A Wagon Lifter- 
Carriage Steps — Bag Holder—A Log Raiser—A 
Cheap Level-A Barn Broom .7*..351 
Horse, The Arabian, “ The Panther”*.345 
Household :—Renovating O d Walls—The Carpet 
Beetle.-floras Topics: Lessons at Home—About 
Books—Summer House-keeping—A Few Small Arts. 
—Keeping Away the Mosquitos.—Handy Window 
Ho ders —Household Notes and Queries_ 8 *..355-357 
Humbugs, Sundry*.338-339 
Ice-House, Above Ground.3*..345 
Ice-House, with Cool Room.350 
lullies, The Small-flowered*.355 
Markets.3J6 
Mawah Flowers, A Now Cattle Food*.353 
Milking Three Times a Day. 348 
Muck, Swamp—Its value.340 
Mustard. Wild. How Eradicate.347 
Notes on Orchard and Garden Work.335-336 
Nuts and Nubbins.370 
Rake, Stable and Scraper*. 3:0 
Road Dust. 352 
Rock Weed, Collecting and Use of. 349 
Science Applied to Farming, LX.4*..341-345 
Sheep, For Fertilization.349 
Silt Basins, A Secondary Use.2*. .350 
Snipe. The “ Willet ” or Semi-palmated*.333 
Spring-House. Dome shaped, Concrete.3 ..348 
Strawberries. New Vari ties.....2*..353 
Strawberry Culture, Fall Planting.354 
Tim Bunker on Too Much Going West.343 
INDEX TO “BASKET,” AND OTHER 8HO T ARTICLES. 
Animals. Unprofitable.. 370 
Barrels. Coal-Oil.37 1 
Bateham, M.B.. Death of.338 
Beef, How to Kill. 368 
Black Birds.368 
Bine-Grass . 337 
Bots in Horses.368 
Cactus 
Calf, A Precocious.369 
Cattle, “ Blanketed”... 36s 
Clydsdales .38 
Ladders. Long .366 
Dime as Manure.3 8 
Lunch for iheTeam.3J6 
Mu mre. Spreading. ...388 
Meadows. O d.337 
Meat Supply. .. ...338 
Mon. Young, in Hort_370 
369 Muck .317 
Name, Sign Your.336 
Oats w itli Wheat. 337 
Oil from Trees”.368 
Corn, Canning Green_369 Paris .. 379 
Cow. K -eping On ■.3T0 P troletimPreserveWood337 
Crop, a Leiding.3381 Plants by Mail.317 
Crop, the Clover. 336lPoplars.:.. .365 
Dog. a D af .. . . 336 1 Premiums. Don’t Like...3>7 
Drains. Log. .. , 3 <> 8 |Pumpkins, G th ring. ..369 
Elder. Getting Rid of_350 Ra dius Not Wanted_363 
“Exiieriinent Stations”..3 >6 Root Crops, Care of..363 
Feeding from Hand. 36s|s.iltin r Pickles.369 
Feet. Horses... _ . 388 Seed, Amount of..337 
Fences. Net Wire .369iSeed, 
Gather the Leaves.369 Shoot! 
Georgesoll. Prof. C. C. . 368 "Sin ■ 
“Granite” Tea Set.36.5 "Smut 
Grapes from Raisins_369 Soil in 
Grapes from Texas.. .. 387 “Sub- 
Handles. Chisel.3657 eetli. 
Hay Swe p..Time. 
Horses. Norman.387 Tips for Shoes.369 
Horticulture in Miss_369 Ventilator for Pit.369 
House, a D dry.........337 Water from Barns.337 
Investigation of Cotton Weather Case.337 
Worm .337 Weevi . the Gra n.337 
Implments in Field.337 Wheat Cron of 1880.338 
Judd, Hon. Orange.386 Yam, the Chinese. .336 
Far. 
IHT. Goofi. 
- “ h i Pears_ 
.. 369 
Griss”. 
Winter. 
criber”. 
...338 
The. 
Fast.. 
Seedling; Frails. — “ M. M. M..” Manitoba. 
There s no reguiar time from the seed at which apples, 
pears, etc., will bear, as tin y vary greatly among them¬ 
selves. Generally tlie seedling must be from 10 to 15 
years old. before it will bear truit, but they sometimes 
bear at 6 to 7 years old. The time may be hastened by 
.grafting the seedling upon a vigorous fruiting tree. 
Cahndar for September, 1880. 
Poston, Xblup¬ 
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State, Michi¬ 
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y. y.ciif/. ct., 
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11 
PHASES OF THE MOON. 
MOON. 
BOSTON. 
N. YORK. 
wash’n. 
cha’ston 
Chicago. 
I). 
II. M. 
II. M. 
n. M. 
II. M. 
ir. m. 
New M’n 
4 
0 8 ev. 
11 56 mo. 
11 44 mo 
11 32 mo. 
11 2 mo. 
1st Quart 
Full M’n 
11 
1 41 ev. 
1 29 ev. 
1 17 ev. 
1 5 ev. 
0 35 ev. 
18 10 45 mo. 
10 83 mo 
10 21 mo 10 9 mo. 
9 39 mo. 
3d Quart. 
26 
6 24 mo. 
6 12 mo. 
6 0 mo 
5 43 mo. 
5 18 mo. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER, 1830. 
Hints for tbe Work of the Month. 
[The Hints and Suggestions in these columns are 
never copied from previous years, but are freshly pre¬ 
pared for every month, from the latest experience and 
observations, by practical men in each department.] 
Solving Fall Grains. —The leading farm work for 
this month in many localities is the sowing of the 
fall crops. One can not expect that the best har¬ 
vest will follow a careless preparation of the soil, 
and an imperfect sowing of the seed. The 
young plants should get well rooted before 
winter sets in, and in order to insure this, the soil 
should be deep and mellow. Wheat requires a soil 
well pulverized, but compact, with fine tilth of the 
surface, for a seed-bed. There may be lumps on 
the surface of the soil, but the seed should not 
be surrounded by them, otherwise the plants will 
be very uneven, and many grains will not 6tart at 
all. If the soil is lumpy, as it is iu many cases, 
Use a Rol'er immediately after the plow, or after 
the harrow has been used once. This is the only 
proper use of the roller on fall sown fields. To roll 
the ground after the grain is sown is a mistake ; it 
gives to the surface a smooth and pleasing appear¬ 
ance, but it is much more inclined to crust over; 
besides this, the protecting coat of snow is not 
held in winter as it would be if the surface was 
left rough. Besides having the soil in a proper 
mechanical condition, through the means mentioned 
above, it must be provided with a good supply of 
Plant Food.— The young plants should be well 
fed, that is, have aplenty of nourishment in such 
a condition as to be readily taken up and digested. 
Such food is furnished by thoroughly decomposed 
barn-yard manure : but when it is not to be had in 
sufficient, quantities, some good artificial fertilizer 
as a superphosphate may be used with profit. 
Selecting Seed Wheat .—Sow the best seed to be 
found, even if it costs a little more than that taken 
from the ordinary bin. It is a gam to pay double 
the market price for grain that is clean, plump, and 
has bpen grown for seed with special care. Much 
depends uoon tbe variety—the Clawson at the 
present time is taking a high rank for yield iu many 
localities throughout the wheat growing region. 
The Hessian Fly is the most troublesome upon 
the early sown wheat—that sown after the 15th 
of this month Is not generally damaged—but it 
makes smaller growth before winter sets in, and so 
far as that goes it is a disadvantage to sow late, ex¬ 
cepting on well prepared land. A farmer of our 
acquaintance (in the State of New York) for many 
years sowed his wheat the first week in October, 
and his average yield has been over 40 oushele per 
acre. He was first led to practice late sowing to 
avoid the ravages of the Hessian Fly, but the prac¬ 
tice proved so satisfactory that it was continued 
after the fly had disappeared. His land was m 
high condition, and a top-dressing of fine manure 
was applied to give the young plants a good start. 
It may be better to sow late if a thorough prepara¬ 
tion of the soil is thereby secured. 
Water Furrows.—li the land is not well drained, 
when all else is done in the wheat field, make 
the necessary furrows with the plow, for carrying 
off the surface water during heavy rains. 
Seeding to Grass. —Grass seed may be sown a few 
weeks after the grain. Thrifty growing timothy 
will frequently retard the growth of the grain if 
sown as early as the wheat crop, and clover seed is 
best sown in the spring after or with the last snow. 
Turnips should be kept free from weeds and the 
soil loose and mellow. Proper thinning is import¬ 
ant ; a single root needs from 9 to 15 inches in the 
row to grow to its best. On rich lands white turnips 
may still be sown and a good crop expected. 
Beets and Mangels that were sown early, may be 
harvested this month ; if left in the ground they 
become hollow and dry. When pulled put them 
in long heaps, with the tops or straw laid over 
them ; to be afterwards covered with earth, to> 
protect them for the winter, or taken to the 
root cellar. Care should be taken that the roots 
do not heat at any time either in the pit or cellar. 
Buckwheat. —This tender crop should be cut be¬ 
fore the first frost injures it. The grain shells 
badly when the plants are dry, therefore cut it in 
the morning when the dew is on. The cut crop 
after standing a few days will be dry and ready to 
thresh, which had best be done at once. If a ma¬ 
chine is used, remove the concave, or the cylinder 
teeth will otherwise break the kernels. The grain 
should be cleaned at once and spread out as thinly 
as possible, as it is very apt to heat, and become 
almost worthless, if left in large heaps. 
Beans are injured by heavy rains; when ready 
pull them and stack around the poles driven m the 
ground; cover the 6lacks with straw. In pulling, 
leave them in rows for a time to cure, and if rain 
threatens they can be gathered quickly in stacks. 
Com.—Early corn will be ready to cut this month. 
As soon as the grain is glazed it is ready to be har¬ 
vested, and the stalks will be much more valuable 
than if left to be killed by frosts. The seed for 
next year should be selected before the cutting has 
begun. The tops of the selected stalks may be 
broken down as a mark and left standing when, 
the others are cut aud shocked. 
Shocking is an important matter aDd should be 
done with care. If the stalks are not well set up 
and properly tied, the shocks fall in all directions 
and the fodder is damaged and the husking made 
more difficult. Bands of rye straw, or even ot wil¬ 
low, may be used with advantage. 
Potatoes. —Early ones should be dug at once; 
rains will otherwise start them into growth and do 
much injury. The last brood of “bugs’’ should 
be destroyed, as it is these that furnish the early 
brood next season. It is a good plan to sort the 
potatoes as they are gathered, thus saving much 
labor in handling them afterwards. 
Sheep. —After the roots have been removed from 
the field, the sheep should be turned in that they 
may pick up the small, imperfect roots and the 
scattered leaves. This will accustom them to the 
change of food that must 60 on come, if early 
lambs are not desired, the rams must be kept from 
the ewes, or otherwise be aproned or ” bratted.” 
It is an important matter that the ewes that are to 
bear lambs should be well fed, and begin the win¬ 
ter in good condition, A little grain fed to the 
ewes now will do much to insure strong lambs. 
Cows that are giving milk should be fed liberally. 
