1880 .] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
447 
October Fair List. 
-Alabama . 
STATE FAIRS 
Arkansas. . 
Delaware. 
...Sept. 27-Oct. 2 
Georgia. 
.Oct. 18-23 
Illinois. 
Indiana. 
...Sept. 27-Oct.2 
South Carolina_ 
Texas. 
.Austin. 
.Oct. 19-23 
Virginia. 
.Richmond. 
.Oct. 22 29 
Industrial and IUstrict 
, &c. 
Am. Institute. 
.Sept. 15-Nov.27 
■Chicago. 
Cincinnati Ind.Ex. 
.Cincinnati. 
Illinois Fat Stock. 
.Chicago. 
.Nov. 15-29 
Indiana,N. Eas’n.. 
.Oct. 4- 8 
National. 
.Oei. 4- 9 
N. Y. Western. 
■Ontario, Provineal 
...Sep. 29-Oct. 4 
St. Louis. 
.Oct. 4- y 
Cheshire. 
County Fairs. 
NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
.Keene. 
Lempster. 
.Oct. 6 
Marlow. 
Newport. 
Wilmington. 
VERMONT. 
.Oct. 6 
Berkshire. 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
.Pittsfield. 
Frankliu. 
Hampshire, Frank 
lin & Hampden.. 
.Oct. 6- 8 
Housatonic. 
Martha’s Viney’d.. 
.Oet. 5- 6 
Middlesex. 
Worcester, N. M .. 
.Athol. 
Worcester. West.. 
Danbury. 
CONNECTICUT. 
Hartford. 
Ixillingworth. 
.New Milford_ 
.Oct. 6 
New Milford. 
.Sept. SO-Oct. 1 
Tolland, East. 
.Oct. 7- 8 
Cayuga. 
NEW YORK. 
.Auburn.. 
.Oct. 5- 6 
Schuyler. 
Steuben. 
Suffolk. 
.Riverhead. 
Yates. 
.Oct. 5 9 
Burlington. 
NEW JERSEY. 
.Mt. Holly. 
.Oct. 12-15 
Somerset. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
Bedford. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 
.Bedford. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
Berks.Reading.Sep>. 28 Oct. 1 
Blair.Mtoona.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
Bradford.East Towauda.Sup.29-Oct 1 
Bucks..Doylestown.Oct. 5-8 
Burgettstown.Burgettstown.Oct. 5- 7 
Carbon.Lehighton .Oct. 12 15 
Crawford.Conneautvlllc.Sep. 29-Oct. 1 
Cumberland.Carlisl ' .Sep. 25 Oct. 1 
Delaware.Greenw'd Sta.Sep. CO Oct.2 
Frankliu.t diambersburg.Oct. 5 s 
Greene.Carmichaels.Oct. 1115 
Lancaster.Lancaster.Sep. 29-Oct. 1 
Lehigh.Allentown..Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
Lycoming & Cli i.Jersey Shore.Sep. 29 Oct 2 
Mercer.Stoueboro.Oct. 5- 7 
Mifflin.Lewistown.Oct. 6- 8 
■Oxford.Oxford.sep. 29-Oct. 1 
Troy.Troy.Oct. (i- 8 
Union . .Burnetts!own.Oct. 5 7 
Union.Lewisburg. Oct. (i- 8 
Washington .Washington.Oct. 5-7 
Westmoreland.Greensburg .Sep. 28 Oct. 1 
York..York.Oct. 5-8 
MARYLAND. 
Frederick . .Frederick.Oct. 12-14 
"Washington.Hagerstown.Oct. 19-22 
DELAWARE. 
Kent. 
Allen. 
Athens.... 
Auglaize.. 
Brown_ 
Butler. 
•Carroll.... 
Crawford. 
_Dover. 
OHIO. 
...Athens. 
.Oct. 6- 8 
_Wupakoiicta. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
_Georgetown. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
.Oct. 7 
.Bucyrus. 
_Sept. .'8-Oct. 1 
.Defiance. 
.Oct. 13-16 
_ Findlay . 
_Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
_Cadiz. 
.Oct. 5-7 
.Hillsboro. 
.Oct. 13-15 
_Mt. Vernon. 
..Oct. 5- 8 
.Oct. 5- 8 
.Oct. 5- 8 
.Troy. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
.Port Clinton_ 
.Oct. 6- 8 
Fulton. 
Hancock. 
.Hardin. 
Harris >u. 
Ttighlan 1. 
Hocking. 
Knox. 
Licking. 
Logan. 
Mahoning. 
Marion. 
Miami. 
Ottawa... 
Paulding.Paulding.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Perry.New Lexing'n.Sep. 28-Oct. 1 
Pickaway.Circleville.Sept. 28 Oct. 1 
Preble.Eaton.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
Putnam.Ottawa.Oct. 6- 9 
Richland... :. ..Manslleid.Sep. 28-Oct. 1 
Sandusky.Fremont.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
:Seneca.Tiffin.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
Shelby.Sidney.Sept. 28-Oct. 2 
Stark.Canton. Sept. 28 Oct. 1 
Summit .Akron.Oct. 5- 7 
Tuscarawas.Canal Dover.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
Union.Marysville.-.Sept. 28 Oct. 1 
VanWert.Van Wert.Sept. 30-Oct. 2 
Washington.Marietta.‘...Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Wayne.Wooster.Oct. C- 8 
Wood.Tontogany.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
Wyandot.Up. Sandusky.Oct. 1.-15 
INDIANA. 
Daviess.Washington.Sept 28-Oct 2 
Elkhart.Goshen.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
Greene.Linton. .Oct. 4- 8 
Jay.Portland.Oct. 5- 8 
Knox .Vincennes.Oct. 11-16 
La Porte. .La Porte.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Morgan.Martinsville.Oct. 5 9 
Noble.Ligonier.Oct. 6- 9 
Perry. .Rome.Oct. 4- 8 
Porter.Valparaiso.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
Stark.Knox.Oct. 4 
Steuben.Angola.Sept 28-Oct 1 
Warrick.Booneville. .Oct. 12-16 
Carroll. 
Clay. 
Crawford.... 
Cumberland. 
Edwards. 
Fayette. 
Franklin.... 
Fulton. 
Fulton. 
Gallatin. 
Greene. 
Jefferson.... 
Jersey. 
Jo Daviess.. 
Lake. 
Lawrence... 
Marshall.... 
Massac. 
Perry. 
Randolph..., 
Randolph.... 
Sangamon... 
Williamson.. 
Alpena. 
Bay. 
Calhoun. 
Cheboygan. 
Chippawa. 
Clinton. 
Genesee. 
Grand Traverse... 
Hillsdale. 
nuron. 
Jackson. 
Kalamazoo. 
Lapeer. 
Lenawee. 
Macomb. 
Midland. 
Newago. 
Oakland. 
Oc<-ana. 
Plainwell. 
Tuscola. 
VanBuren. 
Washtenaw. 
Wexford. 
Violinla Far. Club 
Boscobel.. 
Calumet... 
Waukesha 
ILLINOIS. 
_Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
_Carrollton. 
.Oct. 19-22 
.Oct. 12-15 
.Oct. 12-15 
_Galena. 
.Oct. 6- 9 
.Oct. 13-16 
.Oct. 5 
.Oct. 19-22 
....Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
MICHIGAN. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
....Bay City. 
.Oct. 4- 7 
_Cheboygan. 
_Sault Ste Marie... 
.Oct. 4- 5 
.Oct. 4- 5 
... Flint. 
....Hillsdale . 
_Bad Axe. 
.Oct. 7-8 
_Jackson. 
.Oct. 4- 8 
....Sept. 28 Oct. 1 
_Midland. 
.Sep. 29-Oct. 2 
_Plainwell. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
.Sep. 29-Oct. t 
.Oct. 5- 8 
_Ann Arbor. 
...•’.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
_Sept. 30-Oct. 1 
WISCONSIN. 
.Oct. 5- 8 
_Clinton. 
.Oct. 5- 7 
ristrict.. 
Harrison, 
Jasper... 
Union... 
Boyd. 
Christian. 
Imvicss. 
Henderson... 
McCracken... 
S. E. District 
Anderson... 
Abbeville... 
Barnwell_ 
Newberry.. 
Orangeburg. 
Sumter. 
Union. 
Dickinson.... 
Douipuuu_ 
Franklin. 
Greenwood.. 
Harvey. 
J etferson. 
Linn. 
Miami. 
Montgomery 
Riley . 
Shawnee. 
IOWA. 
.. .Agency City.Oct. 5- 8 
...Mo. Valley.Oct. G-8 
. ..Newton.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
...Afton.Oct. 6-8 
KENTUCKY. 
...Ashland.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
...Hopkinsville. .Oct 6-9 
_Owensboro.Oct 13-15 
... .Henderson.Sent. 28-Oct. 2 
_Paducah.Oct. 0- 9 
MISSOURI. 
:..Cape Girardeau.Oct. 12-16 
SOUTH CAROLINA. 
.Anderson.Oct. 20-22 
.Abbeville.Oct. 13 
.Barnwell.Oct. 20-22 
.Newberry.Oct. 6 - 8 
.Orangeburg. . 
.Sumter. Oct. 13-15 
.Union.Oct. 26-28 
KANSAS. 
.Abilene.Oct. V-16 
.Troy.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
.Otla'wa.Sept 29-Oct. 2 
.Eureka.Oct. 7- 9 
.Newton.Sept. 29-Oct. 1 
.Oskaloosa.Sept. 28-Oct. 2 
.l.aCygne.Sept. 28-Oct. 1 
.Paola.Sept. 29-Oct. 2 
.Independence.Sept 30-Oct.2 
.Mannattau.Sept. 28 -Oct. 1 
.ToDCka.Oct. 5- 8 
The Arsny Worm.- Prof. C V Riley read a 
paper on the Army Worm at the recent meeting of the 
Association for the Advancement of Science, in which 
he said: ‘ The fact is demonstrated that the insect 
hibernates in the larva as well as in the imago state ; 
that there are several annual generations in southerly 
latitutes. and more than one in New England ; that the 
destructive generation is not always first, as has been 
supposed: that turning over a field in winter, though 
productive of much good is not an infallible preventive ; 
that a wet season is not necessary to its excessive multi¬ 
plication and injurious manifestations, as Fitch main¬ 
tained: and finally. Ibe true reason why the insect ismore 
injurious in or near low, rank, wet or swampy grass 
lands is doubtless because such lands are most often 
neglected and not pastured, and because the moth find? 
an abundance of nourishment in §uch places.” 
Feeding Voting Animals.— There is danger 
of over-feeding young animals and especially with rich 
food. Young colts, for example, are frequently injured 
by having too much meal, shorts, etc., fed to them. It 
is better to give them coarser food, even though they 
may not look so fat and plump, as their digestive appa¬ 
ratus will not thereby be overtaxed and injured. 
A Farmers’ Club. - The town of Bedford, West¬ 
chester Co., N. Y., has a Farmers’ Club which meets the 
last Friday of every month at 2 P.M., at the house of one 
of its members. This Club, which was established in 
1852, lays out a plan for the year’s work by selecting a 
list of subjects for discussion. This list is printed on a 
portion of the postal card which the Secretary of the 
Club uses in notifying the members of the coming meet¬ 
ing, etc. The subject for the monthly discussions for 
1880—1881 are as follows: “April, What crops shall we 
grow ?—May, Weeds, and how to destroy them.—June, 
Fruit and flower show.—July, Farmers’ Recreations.— 
August, The possibilities of 100 acres of average land in 
the town of Bedford.--September, Renewal of pasturage. 
—October, Keeping Fruits for family use.—November, 
Warming and ventilating our houses. — December, Sleds 
for farm and road use.—January, Farm dogs.—February, 
Culture aud profits of small fruits in this town.—March, 
Annual meeting, election, miscellaneous business, etc.” 
We commend this method of the enterprising Bedford 
Farmers’Club to the thoughtful consideration of other 
Farmers' societies, associations, etc. 
Feeding Bran.— In a ton of wheat bran there are 
54^ pounds of Phosphoric Acid, and in a like amount of 
rye bran 68jk pounds. Rye bran is also richer in Potash, 
hence for food and the resulting manure, rye bran is to 
be preferred to wheat. It is beyond question that in 
feeding bran a good part of the profit is made in the 
superior quality of the manure, and if the direct results 
of the feeding of bran pay. the increased value in the 
manure is all clear gain. Bran is an excellent food for 
the production of milk, and also for young stock. 
Corn Smut.- “P H. F.” The trouble with your 
corn is caused by a parasitic fungus Ustilago Maydis, 
commonly called “Corn Smut.” This fungus attacks the 
ear and sometimes the tassel, aud even the joints of the 
stalks. It changes the grains into large swollen masses 
of a fine, dark-brown, dusty powder. The only remedy 
is to cut off the diseased portions and burn them; if left 
without being destroyed the fine spores will propagate 
the trouble in succeeding years. Cattle should not be 
allowed to eat smutted corn in any considerable quan¬ 
tities, as it is found to be injurious to them. 
A Principle in Feeding.— All food beyond 
such amount that is properly digested and assimilated 
by the animal is a source of loss to the owner, and that 
in two ways: First, the food is lost; and second, the ani¬ 
mal is not kept in the best condition for getting the 
most out of its feed—its stomach is overloaded and its 
digestive apparatus more or less disarranged. Just in¬ 
side the limits of assimilation is the point to have in 
view in feeding; in this way the animal will have a good 
appetite, and other things being equal, is sure to give 
the best returns for food consumed. There is a golden 
mean in feeding farm stock,which the farmer should find. 
American Tea. —Some time ago Mr. Jackson, a 
Scotchman by birth, and for fifteen years a grower of 
tea in India, came to this country and was soon im¬ 
pressed with the importance of the American tea ques¬ 
tion. then under investigation by the Department of 
Agriculture. Mr. Jackson went through several of the 
Southern States, examining the soil, climate, etc., and 
finally bought a plantation in Liberty Co., Georgia, upon 
which a number of tea plants had been set out some 
twenty-five or thirty years ago. The place was cleared 
up and new tea plants set out, so that at the present 
time there are 165,000 tea plants under Mr. Jackson's 
care upon his plantation. Congress has made an appro¬ 
priation of the small sum of $5,000 to further the cul¬ 
ture of tea, and the Commissioner of Agriculture, with 
the assistance of Mr. Jackson and others, intend to push 
forward the experiments, and finally hope, and at no 
distant day, to demonstrate that not only good tea can 
be grown in many parts of the United States, but that it 
cau be produced with a good profit. 
Action of Lime on the Soil.— Lime, as it 
comes from the kiln, is known as caustic or quick linuF— 
the heat having expelled the carbonic acid gas of the 
carbonate of lime or lime stone. Upon exposure to the 
air and moisture this caustic lime absorbs water and car¬ 
bonic acid gas.and again returns to the carbonate. During 
this reversion it decomposes vegetable matter and sets 
the elements of plant food free. It is in this power to 
prepare food for the growing crop from the vegetable 
matter in the soil that the chief value of lime resides. 
The greater the per cent of the lime that is in the caustic 
state, the more valuable it is for this work. The quicker 
the lime can be applied after burning the better. 
Feeding for Manure.— “W. L.,” Duchess Co., 
N. Y. There is no question that profit can be made by 
buying steers of the right kind in the New Y"ork or Al¬ 
bany markets, taking them to your farm and feeding 
them until the spring and then selling them. There will 
be profit on the meat made and on the manure left. But 
profit cannot he made unless the right kind of steers are 
purchased. Thrifty, healthy, but unripe animals are 
what are needed, of a kind that will fatten easily. Thin 
grade Colorado steers, fresh from grass, sell in the New 
York market at 7K3}8c. per lb., and when fat these bring 
9c. per lb. So that there is not only the gain in flesh, 
hut the gain in price on the whole weight as the return 
for feeding. There is doubtless a good opening iD this 
direction for an increased business, which is done to 
some extent already, even in the vicinity of New York. 
