1880.] 
501 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
-some are, no doubt, and if a suspicion of unfairness 
had been breathed, every one would have known it. 
“ Eurotas” has just closed her year, and present¬ 
ed her owner a beautiful solid-colored heifer calf, 
by the “ Duke of Scituate,” son of “ Jersey Belle of 
Scituate,” thus crossing those two famous strains 
of blood as near to the fountains as possible. 
“Eurotas” calved October 31,1879, and again 
November 4,1880. All the milk was weighed, set, 
skimmed, the cream churned, and the butter 
weighed from the 10th day of November to the 15th 
day of October, being 341 days. From the figures 
furnished we have calculated approximately the 
daily yield both of milk and butter, which shows 
some curious variations as the time goes on from 
calving to grass (at which time there is a notable 
increase both of milk and butter), and from grass 
to calving again. 
Total 
Per diem 
Total 
Per diem, 
Month. 
Milk. 
average. 
butter. 
average . 
Lbs. 
Lbs. 
Lbs. oz. 
Lbs. be. 
Nov’ber(21d.)451 
20% 
40 1 
1 
14V, 
December.. 
. .755 
24% 
74 0 
2 
2 
January .... 
..746 
24V,e 
79 8 
2 
8% 
February . 
..867*/, 
23 
77 1 
2 
10% 
March. 
..653% 
21V, 9 
75 6 
2 
7 
April....... 
...802 
20V, s 
68 11 
2 
4 
■May... 
...770% 
24V fl 
87 11 
2 
13 
June. 
..837 
27 V, o 
88 6 
2 
16 
July... 
..760% 
24% 
80 5 
2 
9 
August.... . 
..704 
22 
66 7 
2 
2 
September.. 
. .454% 
15 
32 5 
1 
1 
October (15d.) 123% 
8% 
8 10 
9% 
Total. 
.7,525 
S2Vm 
778 1 
2 
4 
The yield of milk is, of course, not extraordinary, 
but that of butter is unsurpassed. The nearest ap¬ 
proach to it is that of “ Jersey Belle of Scituate,” 
whose yield was 705 pounds. There was a time in 
June when “ Eurotas ” was giving three pounds of 
butter a day, or a little over, but this was not con¬ 
tinued through one calendar month. She yielded 
-an average of two pounds and four ounces (2 lbs., 
4.03) a day for the time she was milking, and two 
pounds two ounces (2 lbs., 2.03) for the year. 
The record clearly indicates that either the cow 
was not well throughout the year, or she was not 
fed so that she could do her best. In our opinion, 
with a well arranged ration of hay, roots, bran, and 
meal, no such great difference between the yield on 
hay and mixed food and on grass ought to be 
observable, as seen in this case. 
Great Exports of Grain Continue. 
After three years of good crops here, and the poor 
■ones in Western Europe, which opened a market 
for our supplies, we could hardly expect a continu¬ 
ance of the good fortune, and grave fears were 
generally entertained that the large supplies of 
1880 would result in a great overstock which would 
sink prices to a very low figure. But now Eastern 
■Europe is deficient, and the competing supplies of 
wheat usually sent from the Black Sea region will 
mot appear. So all we have to spare will find a 
market abroad at remunerative rates. A study of 
the condensed tables in our market reports will 
.always be found interesting. Thus we see by table 
4, on page 526, that from January lto Novembers, 
the exports of Wheat and Com from New York 
City alone have reached the following enormous 
figures, reckoning a barrel of flour as equivalent to 
five bushels of wheat i 
1880. 1879. 1878. Total. 
Wheat, btish_72,781,000 70,878.181 58,187,823 201,842,004 
•Corn, bUBil.45,141,000 29,248,000 24,019000 98,408,000 
Total bushels .. .117,922,000 100,126,181 82,201,823 800,250,004 
Or the total bushels of these two articles of bread- 
stuffs exported from New York alone for a little 
over ten months of three years exceeding three hun¬ 
dred million bushels (300,250,004). During the same 
periods, some seventeen million bushels of Rye, 
Barley, Oats and Peas were exported. And these 
■exports are still continuing and will continue on a 
■ liberal scale well into next summer. As will be 
noted in the market report, we have on hand al¬ 
ready in our markets “ visible supplies ” of nearly 
forty million bushels of wheat and corn, besides the 
large stocks still on the farms.—One can hardly 
comprehend the magnitude of the figures without 
taking some such illustration as this, to wit: That 
a single million bushels will load 4,000 freight ears 
with 250 bushels each, or 25,000 wagons with 40 
bushels each.—Note that above we have only spoken 
of one shipping port, for part of the years, and 
have not taken into account San Francisco, Phila¬ 
delphia, Baltimore, Boston, and numerous other 
exporting points of considerable importance. 
Corn Shelters—The “A. B. C.” 
There is probably no farm implement of which 
inventors have presented so many forms as the 
Corn Sheller. It must rank very near the washing- 
machine in the records of the Patent Office. As in 
many other cases, when a really effective machine 
is produced, it is found to be exceedingly simple. 
The “A. B. C.” Sheller may be instantly adjusted 
to shell the smallest pop-corn, or the largest horse- 
tooth varieties; it removes every kernel, delivers 
the corn at one place, and throws out the cobs at 
another. A small fan blows the chaff from the 
corn; It runs with ease and works rapidly. An 
examination of the interior shows it to be of the 
simplest structure; nothing to get out of order. 
Even the most careless “ help ” would find it diffi¬ 
cult to disable the machine. The engraving repre¬ 
sents this Sheller, which it will be seen is very 
compact, taking up but little room, either in trans¬ 
portation, or when set in its place. Mr. Cohu, who 
makes the implement, Informs us that it has met 
THE “A. B. O.” CORN 8HELLEB. 
with a very general acceptance in Central and 
South America, and that the demand from those 
corn-growing countries is very large. 
Cooperative Stores. 
We are in the receipt of numerous letters asking 
about cooperation, and have been at a loss what to 
reply or what to recommend. Now, however, 
thanks to the visit of Mr. Thomas Hughes to this 
country, and to the exertions of certain respectable 
citizens of New York City and County a “ Central 
Cooperative Board” has recently been organized 
to promote the formation of local Cooperative 
Societies all over the country. A large number of 
the best and most public-spirited citizens of New 
York offered, through this society, a public recep¬ 
tion to the English philanthropist and statesman, 
which was very numerously attended. Mr. Hughes 
addressed the meeting on the subject of coopera¬ 
tion, and in this admirable address and the speeches 
which followed, the subject was earnestly pressed 
upon the American people. The plan is briefly as 
follows: Consumers of groceries and manufac¬ 
tured articles in any place unite in forming a so- 
sciety; they determine the price of one share of 
stock and the number of shares, and organize un¬ 
der the laws of the State for forming joint-stock 
companies. The shares may be paid for in whole 
or in part. The money is taken to buy the goods 
needed at wholesale. These are sold for cash at 
usual retail prices, no effort being made to under¬ 
sell other stores. The storekeeper and clerks, if 
he or she has them, are paid salaries, and the pro¬ 
fits are divided quarterly among the stockholders 
in proportion to their purchases. 
It is a prime principle with the “ Cooperators ” 
to have nothing to do with adulterated or mis¬ 
represented goods of any kind, and to sell consum¬ 
ers such articles as they need of the best quality. 
There is already considerable important litera¬ 
ture on this subject, chiefly in the form of speeches 
and addresses; enough of tliia will be sent by the 
Central Board to any applicants, to give a good 
idea of the scope of the enterprise, and of how to 
best go to work to start a cooperative store in any 
neighborhood. Those desiring further information 
would do well to address “ The Central Cooper¬ 
ative Board, No. 291 Broadway, New York.” We 
may add that in many cases cooperative stores in 
England have paid very handsome dividends to 
stockholders, and that the number of such stores 
in that country is largely increased year by year. 
Forty Years! 
As the American Agriculturist for 1842 constituted 
Volume 1, the numbers for 1881 will complete the 
“T'vvo Score” or round 40 Volumes ! 
It would be interesting to go over the history of 
these years had we space. Forty years ago there 
were few railways, no ocean steamships, and no 
telegraph. To send the briefest message eighty 
miles by mail cost 18} cents postage for each small 
piece of paper. Harvesters, mowing machines, 
cultivators, horse-rakes, and a hundred other im¬ 
proved implements were unknown. We well re¬ 
member our great satisfaction, not long before that 
period, at getting a cast-iron mould-board plow in 
place of the wooden one previously used ; also at 
buying cut nails at 16 cents a pound, instead of 
using wrought nails hammered out on the black¬ 
smith’s anvil. We also recall the excitement on 
our then far western farm, upon the appearance of 
our first “Elliptic” or steel-spring wagon. Also 
the advent of the fanning mill, and of the first 
cooking stove, with its bake oven, etc. An earlier 
number of this journal described the first steel 
plow. Sewing machines were scarcely thought of; 
every stitch was done, one by one, with weary fin¬ 
gers and aching eyes.—The above are but speci¬ 
mens of a thousand improvements since No. 1 of 
this paper went ont on its mission.—What changes 
in our own land and government! What was then 
the western edge of our cultivated country is now 
east of its center. The map of Europe differs wide¬ 
ly from our school geography. The powerful Ger¬ 
many of to-day was not in existence, save as a great 
number of petty States, with hardly abend of union 
in government or interest, except the similarity of 
language. Almost the same of Italy. 
Of the first thousand Readei’s of the American 
Agriculturist, less than a hundred to-day remain 
alive. Of the half million Subscribers whose 
names have been on our mail books during these 
forty years past, between three and four hundred 
thousand sleep beneath the soil they cultivated. 
But most of them no doubt did their allotted work 
well, and they have gone to their reward. 
We are spared, and as we begin the work upon 
our 40th Volume, it is pleasant to know that some 
of the first readers still remain as patriarchs in the 
Agriculturist family, along with tens of thousands 
of the second and third generations—the sons and 
grandsons, and the daughters of earlier readers.* 
With these are numbered many other thousands of 
newer readers, who are heartily welcomed. We 
trust they will find in our columns much that will 
interest, and much that will profit them. 
We shall now begin our work upon Volume 40 
with cheerfulness, with earnestness, with added ex¬ 
perience, and with a determination to make it emi¬ 
nently worthy of its distinguished place in the se¬ 
ries. We invite every present reader to continue 
with us, and to bring along troops of new friends. 
Our best efforts will be put forth to do them all the 
good possible. 
* We shall be much pleased to receive a brief note 
or letter from each present subscriber, who has been a 
continuous or nearly continuous reader from the first No. 
