NATURAL HISTORY. 
63 
gallery.] 
markable varieties of which are those from Chessy, and from the Ran- 
nat, combined with various substances;—the earthy varieties, some of 
which have been used as pigment sold under the name of mountain- 
blue ;—those crystallized varieties which, passing from the state of blue 
into that of green carbonate, have, by Hatiy, been called cuivre car¬ 
bonate epigene. 
Case 51. The green carbonates of copper, among which may be 
specified the fine and rare varieties oifibrous malachite, in acicular crystals, 
and massive with fibrous structure and velvety appearance, accompanied 
by carbonate of lead, &c. ; and, among the specimens of compact mala¬ 
chite, those characteristic and splendid ones from the Gumashevsk and 
Turja mines, in the Uralian mountains. 
Case 52. Arsenious acid and arseniates : the former (also called 
arsenic-bloom , or octahedral oxide of arsenic) is frequently confounded 
with arseniate of lime, and the white octahedral crystals of it, often seen in 
collections on realgar and orpiment, are generally artificially produced in 
the interior of mines.—The arseniates in this glass Case are arseniate 
of lime, called pharmacolite, chiefly in white acicular crystals, from Wit- 
tichen in Suabia, and Riegelsdorf in Hessia.— Arseniate of iron or phar- 
macosiderite, which occursonly crystallized, chiefly in cubes (whence Wer¬ 
ner’s name of Wiirfel-ertz), from Cornwall, from San-Antonio-Pereira, 
Brazil, on hydrous oxide of iron, &c. ;— skorodite, a substance which 
appears to be closely allied to Bournon’s martial arseniate of copper.— 
Arseniates of copper , consisting of the foliated arseniate or copper-mica , 
the lenticular arseniate or lentil-ore , and the olive-ore of Werner, which 
are formed into five species by Bournon, and probably admit of further 
subdivision. The euchroite also belongs to these, and the hupferschaum 
of Werner, at least that from Falkenstein in Tyrol: for some other va¬ 
rieties bearing that name appear to be referable to carbonate of zinc. — 
Arseniate of cobalt, or red cobalt ore, comprising the earthy ( cobalt 
crust) and the radiated ( cobalt-bloom ) varieties, from Salfeld, Allemont, 
&c.— Arseniate of nickel. 
Case 53. This, and part of the next Case, contain the phosphates : 
among the phosphates of lime may be specified several very scarce and 
interesting crystallizations of Werner’s apatite, such us the large violet- 
coloured crystals from St. Petersburg ; the groups from Ehrenfrieders- 
Yiorf, Maggia on St. Gothard, Traversella in Piedmont, &c.; the variety 
called asparagus-stone, from the Greiner in Tyrol, and particularly the 
specimens from Jumillain Murcia; the Norwegian apatite called morox - 
iie; also the phosphorite or fibrous and compact phosphates of lime, and 
the pulverulent variety, known by the name of earth of Marmorosh, and 
which was formerly considered as a variety of fluoride of calcium (fluate 
of lime).— Phosphate of lead, or pgromorphite, generally divided into 
brown lead ore and green lead ore : among the varieties of the former, 
the more remarkable are the lai^e six-sided prisms from Huelgoet in 
Brittany ; of the latter we have the massive botryoidal ( traubenertz ), the 
spicular, and crystallized varieties, of various shades of green passing into 
greenish-white, into yellow and orange. — Phosph-arseniate of lead, from 
Siberia, Cumberland,' Saxony, &c.— Phosphate of yttria, or phosph- 
yttrite,3Lvery scarce mineral substance, first found in the granite of Lin- 
denas in Norway, and subsequently, in equally small quantities, at Ytterby 
in Sweden. — Phosphate of copper, of which the best characterised spe- 
