406 
ELEMENTS OF GEOLOGY. 
of the cockroach or Blatta family, and the wing of a cricket 
{Acridites)^ have been described by Germar. Prof. Golden- 
berg published, in 1854, descriptions of no less than twelve 
species of insects from the nodular clay-ironstone of Saar- 
brilck, near Treves.* Among them are several 
three * species of Neuroptera^ one beetle of the Scarahceus 
family, a grasshopper or locust, Gryllacris (see Fig. 435), and 
several white ants or Termites. Professor Goldenberg show¬ 
ed me, in 1864, the wing of a white ant, found low down in 
the productive coal-measures of Saarbrtick, in the interior of 
a flattened Lepidodendron. It is much larger than that of 
any known living species of the same genus. 
Batrachian Reptiles in Coal. —N^o vertebrated animals- more 
highly organized than fish were known in rocks of higher 
antiquity than the 
Permian until the 
year 1844, when the 
Apateon ■ pedestris.^ 
Meyer, was discov¬ 
ered in the coal- 
measures of Miin- 
1847, Professor von 
Dechen found three 
other distinct species 
of the same family 
of Amphibia in the 
Saarbriick coal-field 
above alluded to. 
These were described 
by the late Profess¬ 
or Goldfuss under 
the generic name of 
Arehegosaurus. The 
skulls, teeth, and the 
greater portions of 
the skeleton, nay, 
even a large part of 
the skin, of two of 
these reptiles have 
been faithfully pre¬ 
served in the centre of spheroidal concretions of clay-iron¬ 
stone. The largest of these, Arehegosaurus Deeheni.^ must 
* PaljBont. Dunker and V. Meyer, vol. iv., p. 17. 
ster-Appel in Rhe¬ 
nish Bavaria, and 
three years later, in 
Fig. 436. 
Archegosaurm minor, Goldfuss. Fossil reptile from 
the coal-measures, Saarbriick. 
