626 
INDEX. 
FLITVIO-MATIINE. 
Fluvio-mariue or Norwich crag, 193. 
Flysch of tlie Alps, 278. 
-, plutonic rocks invading, 568. 
Folding and denudation of Nova Scotia 
Carboniferous rocks, 417. 
Folds of parallel strata, arrangement and 
direction of, 93. 
Foliation of crystalline rocks, 595. 
-, irregularities in, 596. 
Folkestone and Hythe beds, 308. 
Fontainebleau, Gres de, 230. 
Foot-prints in Potsdam sandstone, 490. 
- of reptiles in Coal-measures^ 408. 
-, fossil in New Red, 381. 
-in Paris gypsum, 272. 
Foraminifera, Eocene, 275. 
-of Mountain Limestone, 437. 
-of the Chalk, 287. 
Forbes, Mr. David, on glass cavities in 
quartz, 555. 
-, on planes of foliation, 595. 
-, on specific gravity of quartz, 500. 
-, on volcanic minerals, 498. 
Forbes, Professor E., on fossils of Bem- 
bridge beds, 252. 
——, on Hampstead beds, 244. 
-, on shells of the crag, 200. 
-, on sphieronites 472. 
-, on subdivisions of the Purbeck, 333. 
-, on testacea of the Faluns, 212. 
-, on thickness of Upper Neocomian, 
309. 
Forest-bed at Cromer, 191. 
-marble or cornbrash, 341. 
-, submerged, 103,104. 
-, fossil in Coal, 400. 
-, fossil of Isle of Portland, 332. 
Forfarshire, Cephalaspis beds of, 446. 
-, contorted strata in, 178. 
Formation, term defined, 27. 
Fossil, term defined, 29. 
-trees erect in coal, 410. 
-Fish of Old Red Sandstone, 442. 
Fossiliferous groups, table of succession 
of, 131. 
Fossils, arrangement of, in strata, 47. 
-, destruction of, in older formations, 
139. 
——, fresh-water and marine, 52. 
-obliterated by metamorphic action, 
603. 
•-, recent, and post-pliocene, 154-165. 
-of the drift, 176,180,192. 
-of the Crags, 193-203. 
-, Upper Miocene, 214-229. 
-, Lower Miocene of Switzerland, 236. 
-of the Hampstead Beds, 244. 
-, Eocene, 253. 
-of the Barton Clay, 259. 
-of the White Chalk, 293. 
-of the Neocomian, 309. 
-of the Oolite, 324. 
-of the Stonesfield Slate, 347. 
-of the Lias, 354. 
-of the Trias, 370. 
-of the Magnesian Limestone, 387. 
-of the Coal, 405. 
-plants of the Coal, 421. 
-of the Mountain Limestone, 430. 
-, Devonian, 449. 
-, Silurian, 460. 
-, Cambrian, 484. 
giant’s causeway. 
Fossils, Laurentian, 492. 
Fournet, M., on metalliferous gneiss, 586. 
-, on veins in granite, 610, 
Fox, Rev. D., on "isle of Wight Eocene 
fossils, 254. 
Fox, Mr. R., on lodes in Cornwall, 614. 
Fractures of strata, and faults, 87. 
Fragments, included, a test of age of plu¬ 
tonic rocks, 565. 
-, included, a test of age of strata, 129. 
-a test of age in volcanic rocks, 524. 
France, Eocene formations of, 270-276. 
-, Lower Miocene of, 231. 
-, Upper Miocene of, 211. 
Freshfield, Mr., on absence of lakes in the 
Caucasus, 187. 
Fresh-water strata, how distinguished 
from marine, 53-59. 
-formation of Auvergne, 233. 
Fucoid sandstones of Sweden, 489. 
Fulgur canaliculatus, Mar3dand, 228. 
Fuller’s earth, fossils of the, 348. 
Fundy, Bay of, fossil trees exposed in cliffs 
at, 412. 
Fusilina cylindrica, 438. 
Fusion of quartz, 500. 
Fusus contrarius {Trophon antiquum), 196. 
- quadricostatus, Maryland, 228. 
GABBRO, 505. 
Gaillonella ferruginea, and G. distans, 52. 
Galapagos Islands, living marine saurian 
in, 362. 
Galeocerdo latidens, Bracklesham, 262. 
Galerites albogalerus, White Chalk, 294. 
Galestes in Middle Purbeck, 328. 
Ganoids, the type of Old Red Sandstone 
fish, 443. 
-of the Wealden, 316. 
-of the Trias, 383. 
Gaps in the sequence of fossil remains, 138. 
Garnet, 500. 
Gases, corrosion of rocks by, 586. 
Gaudin on Lower Miocene of Switzerland, 
236. 
-on Pliocene flora of Italy, 209. 
-oil Proteacese in Bournemouth Eocene, 
263. 
Gault, thickness and fossils of, 300. 
Geikie, Mr. A., on Ayrshire Permian trap- 
rocks, 545. 
-, on subaurial denudation, 115. 
-, on ice erosion of lake-basins, 187. 
-, on Isle of Mull volcanic rocks, 539 
-, on Pentland Old Red volcanic rocks, 
548. 
-, on Silurian metamorphic rocks, 602. 
-, on sj'enite of Skye, 568. 
Geinitz, M., on Permian flora, 393. 
Gemunder Maar, volcanic rocks of, 534. 
Geneva, Lower Miocene of, 236. 
Geology defined, 25. 
Gergovia, tuff's and associated lacustrine 
strata of, 542. 
Germany, Lower Miocene of, 242. 
-, Triassic fauna of, 375. 
Gers, Upper Miocene of, 215. 
Gervillia anceps, Neocomian, 310. 
- socialis, toschelkalk, 379. 
Giant’s Causeway basalt, age of, 248. 
-, laterite of the, 509. 
-, columnar basalt of, 510. 
