INDEX. 
635 
PUDDING-STONE. 
Pudding-stone or conglomerate, 36. 
-, formation of, 62. 
Pumice, 50S. 
Punlield beds, brackish and marine, 318. 
Pwpa muscorum, 155. 
- tridens, Loess, 56. 
- vetusta, Coal, 415. 
Purbeck beds. Upper, Middle, and Lower, 
323, 324, 336. 
-, fossil mammalia of the Middle, 325. 
-marble, 324. 
-, subdivisions of the, 333. 
Purity of coal, cause of, 402. 
Pur 2 nira tetragona, Eed Crag, 196. 
Purpu7'oidea nodulata^ Great Oolite, 345. 
Puy de Come, cone and lava-current of, 528. 
-de Tartaret, lava-current and cone of, 
527, 542. 
-de Pariou, crater of the, 529. 
Puzzuoli, elevation of land at, 525. 
Pggoptei'us mmidihularis, Permian, 390. 
Pyrenees, chalk altered by granite in the, 
570. 
-, curved strata in, 86. 
-, lamination of clay-slate in, 596. 
Pyroxene group of minerals, 499, 502. 
Pyrula reticulata, Crag, 200. 
QUADER-SANDSTEIN, cretaceous age 
of the, 293. 
Quadrumana of Gers, 215. 
Quadrupeds, extinct, in Palaeolithic grav¬ 
els, 152. 
Q,uartz, specific gravity of, 499, 500, 555. 
Quartzite or Quartz Rock, 579. 
Queenaig, uncouformable Palaeozoic strata 
at, 112. 
Quenstedt on zones of Lias, 353. 
RADABOJ Miocene, brown coal of, 212. 
RadioUtes foliaceus, White Chalk, 306. 
- Mortoni, White Chalk, 295. 
- radinsa, White Chalk, 306. 
Radnorshire, stratified trap in, 549. 
Rain-prints with worm tracks in Coal, 416. 
-, carboniferous, 416. 
Ramsay, Professor, on break between Up¬ 
per and Lower Cretaceous, 301. 
-, on breccias in Permian, 391. 
-, on escarpments, 104. 
-, on denudation, 98. 
-, on ice-erosion of lake-basins, 184. 
-, on Lingula Flags, 484. 
-, on position of Ih’emadoc beds, 483. 
-, on Silurian metamorphic rocks, 602. 
-, on submergence in glacial period, 
181. 
-, on thickness of the Lower Trias, 372. 
-, on thickness of Llandeilo beds, 475. 
-, on thickness of the Bala beds, 473. 
-, on volcanic tuffs of Snowdon, 549. 
—on zones of the Lias, 353. 
Rastritesperegrinus, Llandeilo Flags, 473. 
Rath, Von, on Tridymite, 500. 
Recent Period defined, 145. 
-volcanic rocks, 524. 
Record, imperfection of, in the earth’s 
crust, 138. 
Red Crag, older Pliocene, 194. 
-Sandstone, Origin of, 374. 
-Sea and Mediterranean, distinct spe¬ 
cies in, 127. 
SAUAU. 
Redruth, Cornwall, section of veins in 
mine, 607. 
Reindeer Period in South of France, 149. 
Relistran mine, pebbles in tin of, 609. 
Reptiles of the Coal, 406, 413. 
Reptiles of the Lias, 360. 
Retepora Jlustracea, Permian, 388. 
Rhietic beds between Lias and Trias, 366. 
Rhine, fresh-water strata of the, 53. 
-, loess of the, 154. 
Rhinoceros in drift of Abbeville, 153. 
- leptot'hmus {megarhinus), molar of, 
164. 
- tichorhinus, molar of, 164. 
Rhode Island, metamorphic rocks of, 583. 
Rhyyichonella navicula, Ludlow, 460. 
- octoplicata, White Chalk, 294. 
- spinosa. Inf. Oolite, 350. 
- Wilsoni, Aymestry, 462. 
Richmond, Virginia, triassic coal-field of, 
382. 
Rigi and Speer, Lower Miocene of the, 
235. 
Rmiula clathrata, Great Oolite, 345. 
Rink, Mr., on Greenland land-ice, 171. 
Ripple-marked sandstone, how formed, 
46. 
Rise and fall of land, 146. 
Risnoa Chastelii, Hempstead beds, 245. 
Rivers, denuding powers of, 101,114. 
Roches moutonuees described, 169. 
Rock, term defined, 26. 
Rocks altered by volcanic dikes, 514. 
-altered by subterranean gases, 586. 
-, analysis of minerals in, 499. 
-, aqueous or stratified, 27. 
-, classification of, 121. 
-, great thickness of palaeozoic, 110. 
-, glacial scorings on, 169. 
-, metamorphic, age of, 597. 
-, Plutonic, age of, 564. 
-, volcanic, age of, 520. 
-, trappean, 497. 
-, metamorphic, defined, 32. 
-, four classes of contemporaneous, 33. 
-, Plutonic, defined, 31. 
-, tests of age of, 123, 125, 520, 564, 597. 
-, four contemporaneous classes of, 122. 
-, underlying, not always the oldest, 
122. 
-, volcanic, defined, 29. 
Rock-salt of Trias, 371. 
-, origin of, 374. 
Rogers, Mr. H. D., on blending of coal- 
seams, 400. 
-, on Virginian fault, 92. 
Rose, Gustavus, on isomorphism, 502. 
-, on Fifeshire dike, 546. 
-, on quartz in granite, 555. 
Rosso antico, red porphyry of Egypt, 506. 
Rosteliaria (H^jpocreiies) ampAa, London 
clay, 266. 
Roth, M., on Miocene of Greece, 226. 
Rnnn of Cutch, salt of, 375. 
Riipelian beds of Dumont, 241, 242. 
Russia, glaciation of, 174. 
-, Devonian of, 454. 
-, Silurian strata of, 478. 
SAARBRUCK, reptiles in coal-field of, 
406. 
Sal'al Major, Lower Miocene, 237. 
