166 
GEOLOGY OF THE FOURTH DISTRICT. 
the best macadamized roads ; the loose arrangement of the fragments allowing the percolation 
of water, which is drained off by fissures below. The siliceous matter soon becomes pul¬ 
verized, and offers no inconvenience from the size of particles. If man would take a hint from 
nature’s operations, the more cherty parts of this rock would be used for improving the roads 
along the whole line of its outcrop. Still the only place where this mode of improvement has 
been adopted, is on the road from Buffalo to Williamsville. 
The general characters of this rock are seen along the main road from Caledonia to Le Roy, 
and the country intervening this line and the northern margin of the terrace. Its rough and 
jagged surface everywhere marks its occurrence, and along this distance its development is 
greatly superior to that of the Onondaga limestone. 
About two miles southeast of the village of Caledonia, on the land of Mr. Christie, the 
compact grey portion of this limestone is well devoloped, forming thicker strata than elsewhere 
in the district. It has been extensively quarried for the Genesee Valley canal. In appearance 
it much resembles the Onondaga stone ; but the presence of large quantities of hornstone, 
and the occurrence of some fossils peculiar to the corniferous rock, are conclusive evidences. 
In the bed of the stream below Le Roy village, the Corniferous rock prevails to the almost 
entire exclusion of the next mass below. The section along this creek gives between thirty 
and forty feet by actual measurement, which is composed almost entirely of limestone. This 
section in detail is as follows, beginning with the highest stratum of the rock, which is suc¬ 
ceeded above by the Marcellus slates. 
FEET. INCHES. 
Two strata of grey limestone with numerous fissures, slaty, and compact at different 
points. 1 8 
Compact grey limestone—two strata . 2 4 
Hornstone with little limestone. 0 8 
Limestone . 1 5 
Hornstone . 0 4 
Limestone . 0 10 
Hornstone .. 0 14 
Grey limestone . 1 6 
Hornstone .. 0 3 
Limestone . 0 9 
Hornstone . 0 3 
Grey compact limestone . 2 0 
Thinly laminated limestone with fossils.. .... 2 0 
Compact limestone with fossils. 2 0 
Limestone with nodules of hornstone. 1 6 
Limestone . 0 6 
Hornstone . 0 4 
Limestone in two courses . 1 10 
Limestone with nodules of hornstone, in two strata separated by hornstone. 3 2 
Limestone in courses of one foot each, separated by layers of hornstone. 6 0 
