G66 
INDEX, 
Brine springs of the Medina sandstone, 34; of the Onondaga- 
salt group, 134 — 136 ; origin of the latter, 135, 
Brine, borings for, 45, 135, 417. 
Broken and drifted shells, 63, 64. 
Brown spar, 92, 98. 
Buffington’s well, 311. 
Building and flagging stones, 62, 84, 87, 88, 130, 154, 156, 
162, 163, 164, 215, 421, 432, 438, 447-8, 451-2-3, 456, 
460, 463, 471-2-3, 477-8, 481, 485-6, 488, 492, 494, 497. 
Bumastis, 29, 101. 
Burning springs, see Carburetted hydrogen. 
C. 
Cacholong, 67. 
Calcareous matter, increase of in a westerly direction, 515. 
Calcareous tufa, see Tufa; marl, see Marl ; spar, see Car¬ 
bonate of lime. 
Calciferous sandrock, 28, 317. 
Calciferous slate, 80, 117. 
Caledonia spring, 170, 
Calymene, 29, 30, 72, 101, 172, 200, 262, 462, 472. 
Cambrian system, equivalents in New-York, 20. 
Cameroceras, 29. 
Canada, 27. 
Canadice lake, 407. 
Canandaigua lake, 407. 
Canoga spring, 170, 308. 
Carbonaceous shale, 84. 
Carbonate of iron replacing fossils, 260; of lime, see Lime. 
Carbonic acid gas in water, 428. 
Carboniferous limestone, 19, 179, 411, 508. 
Carboniferous system, 19, 284. 
Carburetted hydrogen, 309, 418, 491, 497, 498. 
Cardium, 245. 
Carnelian, 07. 
Caryocrinus, 111. 
Cashaqua shale, 218, 224, 226, 463, 467, 473. 
Cassadaga lake, 407. 
Casts of shrinkage cracks, 230 ; of flowing mud, 232, 233; 
of mud-furrows with shells, 237. 
Catalogue of mineral springs, 315, 316. 
Cataract of Niagara, 383. 
Cattaraugus county, surface, rocks, etc, 488 ; timber, soil, 
etc. 489. 
Catskill group, 278. 
Catskill shaly limestone, 144. 
Cauda-galli grit, 150. 
Caulophyllum, 451. 
Cavities, 85, 87, 90, 98, 141, 142, 147, 150, 153, 
Causes of the varying velocity in Niagara river, 386. 
Cayuga lake, 406 ; marshes, 359, 416. 
Cazenovia group, 184. 
Cedars, 346. 
Celestine, see Sulphate of strontian. 
Ceratial rock, 162. 
Ceraurus, 29. 
Chalcedony, 67, 153, 157, 168, 456. 
Chalybeate waters, 446. 
Changes in the strata westward, 22, 514 ; of the Medina 
sandstone, 39, 40. 
Channels of streams, 297, 318. 
Chara, 361, 468. 
Characters of rocks between the Corniferous and Old Red, 
176; of strata affecting the rate of recession in falls, 392. 
Chasms produced by falls, 378. 
Chautauque county, 220 ; surface, rocks, etc. 493. 
Chautauque creek, 238. 
Chautau()ue lake, 407, 493 ; former elevation of, 496. 
Chawed rock, 162, 461, 466. 
Chemung county, surface, rocks, etc. 477. 
Chemung group, general character, 251 ; succession of strata 
forming it, 253 ; section illustrating,255 ; diagonal lamina¬ 
tion and thickness of strata, 256; concretionary structure 
of, 257 ; spheroidal desquamation, 257 ; ripplemarks, 257; 
localities, 258 ; thickness, 260; mineral contents, 260; 
springs, 260 ; agricultural characters, 260; organic re¬ 
mains, 261 ; localities of superposition, 276; local details 
of, 467, 476, 477, 478, 480, 485, 494; connexion with the 
Old Red sandstone, 482 ; equivalency with the Waverley 
sandstone of Ohio, 503 ; its varying characters, 253. 
Chemung narrows, 478. 
Chert, see Hornstone. 
Chimney rock, 306. 
Cincinnati, rocks at, 504, 505. 
Clay, 227, 240, 418, 425, 437, 544, 467, 490; blue and yel¬ 
low, 361 ; stratified, 344; green, 460. 
Clay balls, 231. 
Clay bank at Dunkirk, 362. 
Clays, tendency to separate into laminas, 301. 
Cleavages, 299. 
Cliff limestone, 503, 506, 511, 512; equivalent of the Hel- 
derberg rocks of New-York, 507. 
Cliff in Portland, 328. 
Clinton, De Wilt, a patron and promoter of science, 7. 
Clinton group, general character of, 58 ; subdivisions, 59, 
60, 61, 62, 64, 65; localities, and thickness, 66; minerals, 
67; mudeasts in, 67 ; organic remains, 68; localities of 
superposition, 78, 79. 
Clymenia, 293. • 
Coal, 239, 255, 452, 461 ; search for, 239, 452, 461, 467, 
480 ; rensons of the fruitless search for, 8. 
Coal conglomerate, attempted identification of the Oneida 
conglomerate with, 6. 
Coal formation, its non-existence in New-York, 4, 293; of 
Illinois, or Wabash basin, 510. 
Columnaria, 26. 
Coldspring quarries, 448. 
Compact calcareous blue shale, 184, 187. 
Concentric iron seams, 288. 
Concentric lamina: separated and used for household uten¬ 
sils, 257. 
Concretions, 81, 85, 92-95, 128, 185, 192, 214, 219, 220, 
227, 230, 231, 232, 239, 248, 257, 260, 287, 305, 458, 
463, 473, 478, 480. 
