92 
GEOLOGY OF THE FIRST DISTRICT. 
river group, which, in that vicinity, is loaded with pyrites. This may be seen at the head of 
a deep rocky ravine near the spring. Limestone is also associated with the slate, and the 
rocks are very much deranged in position, and contorted. The water of this spring is 
strongly hepatic, and sufficiently abundant to make it useful to a great number of such per¬ 
sons as require this kind of mineral water. It is also favorably located near the Hudson, 
within a few minutes ride from Albany on the railroad, with a pleasant healthful country and 
fine views around. 
There is also another sulphur spring in Greenbush, opposite the city of Albany, which has 
also been described by Frof. Eaton in the work referred to above, p. 29. Another similar 
spring emerges from the black glazed argillite near the Old Bank place, at the north end of 
the city of Troy (Idem, p. 29). 
A sulphur spring flows from the base of the tertiary terrace on the edge of the alluvial flats 
of Kinderhook creek, on the Best farm, one and a half miles north from Kinderhook, Colum¬ 
bia county. Other springs of similar character are said to rise in the adjacent marsh, and 
also in a marsh south of Kinderhook. Another occurs near the township line between Clave- 
rack and Ghent, one mile east of Miller’s tavern, Columbia county. 
A sulphur spring is said to occur on the farm of Mr. Livingston of Oak-hill, opposite Cats- 
kill, and about one-fourth of a mile east of his house. This also is in Columbia county. 
In Washington county, in Argyle, three or four miles from Sandy-hill, is a sulphur spring. 
I was informed of this by a gentleman of Sandy-hill, who has examined it. 
A small sulphur spring flows from the base of the mountain, a mile and a quarter north- 
northwest of Ameniaville, on the land of Mr. Thomas Ingraham. At the time of my visit, its 
odor was so slight as to require to be taken into the mouth to perceive that it was a sulphu¬ 
retted water. 
The Columbia spring near Hudson, the spring at Amenia, and that of Kinderhook, have 
some reputation for the cures effected by them. 
A sulphur spring was observed on Mr. McNaughton’s farm, between Lebanon springs and 
the Shaker village, in Columbia county. A sulphur spring was examined near the north line 
of Claverack by Prof. Merrick, and there were several more in the vicinity, some strongly 
impregnated. Sulphur springs are common throughout the range of the black slate of the 
Hudson-river group. 
A sulphur spring rises from the alluvial gravel overlying the slates of the Hamilton or 
Portage group of rocks, on the bank of a creek about three-fourths of a mile west of Green¬ 
ville village, Greene county. It is on land of Mr. Francis Hickok. It is well located for use, 
within a few miles of the Hudson river, in a well cultivated country, and in the bracing air of 
the Catskill mountains. 
In Albany county, there is a sulphur spring of moderate strength on the farm of Mr. Wee- 
den. It is in the valley of Fox creek, three miles from Preston hollow, and four miles from 
Rensselaerville. The water is much used by the people in the vicinity. It is said to be 
diuretic in its effects. 
