ALLUVIAL DIVISION. 
93 
A sulphur spring issues from the clay beds about four miles west of Athens in Greene 
county, in a valley at the base of the water-lime series. These limestone rocks dip to the 
west, and present a mural front to the east. 
A sulphur spring was examined about a mile west of Springtown in New-Paltz, Ulster 
county. It rises from the alluvial gravel overlying the rock of the Hudson slate group, in 
the bed of a small brook ; and if the waters of the stream were excluded, the water would be 
strongly hepatic. Gas rises in bubbles at intervals of a few seconds. The spring is near the 
base of the Shawangunk mountain, and opposite Buntico point, a high precipice, where it is 
believed two great fractures of the strata intersect each other. It is not improbable that this 
spring may have some connection with the northwest and southeast fracture.* * * § There is a 
sulphur spring, it is said, in Esopus, near the village; and another on Mr. Snyder’s land, at 
Rosendale, Ulster county.t 
A sulphur spring is said to occur near the Katerskill, two miles west of Catskill village, 
Greene county, on Henry Palmer’s farm, with gas bubbling up through the fountain; and 
another a mile from the one just mentioned, on the other side of the creek, on Peter Ackler’s 
farm. These two springs can not be far from the junction of the Water-lime group with the 
Hudson slate group. I did not visit them. 
There is a mineral spring, reported to be a sulphur water, but perhaps chalybeate, on Mr. 
Thomas’ farm, on the east branch of the Delaware, three miles above Chehocton in Hancock, 
Delaware county. 
A small sulphur spring, and of little strength, occurs on the land of Mr. John Edwards, 
two and a half miles southwest of Sag-Harbor, Suffolk county. Long island. It issues from 
that division of the tertiary of Long island, that forms the hill range through most of the island. 
Sulphur waters have been described by Dr. Steel, in the vicinity of Saratoga and Ballston.j: 
The most copious, and probably the most important sulphur springs of the First Geologi¬ 
cal District that are known, are the Sharon springs, in Schoharie county. These springs are 
numerous, and their united waters form a mill stream in the distance of a few hundred yards. 
Some of the springs at this place are common limestone water, but most of them have a 
strong hepatic odor; and frequently, before rain, the odor can be perceived to some distance 
in the valley.^ Gas rises from some of the fountains. The principal deposits from these 
* Buntico point, Sam’s point, Great Mogunk, High point, etc. are high cliffs on the Shawangunk mountain, between Shawan¬ 
gunk and Rosendale, caused, it is believed, by upheaves at the intersections of great fractures of the strata. They are prominent 
landmarks ; and to them, as conspicuous objects, the lines of the old patents of the country were directed. 
t There is a small and weak sulphur spring in Hurley, Ulster county, near the road from Kingston to High falls, at the junc¬ 
tion of the hydraulic limestone rocks with the dark overlying calciferous slate. (Vide plate 8, fig. 9.) 
J American Journal of Science, XXI. p. 184 ; and “Analysis of the Mineral Water of Saratoga and Ballston, &c.” By John 
Steel, M. D. 
§ This fact was mentioned to me while examining the springs, as almost a sure sign of rain, and it was inexplicable to mo at 
that time; but since, other facts have come under my observation, that offer an apparent explanation. 
1. It is well known that the fall of mercury in the barometer, or a diminution in the pressure of the atmosphere, precedes a storm. 
2. I have observed here, at my residence and in the vicinity, during a low state of the barometer, where small streams have 
