ALLUVIAL DIVISION. 
105 
Eaton.* * * § The flow of water is so copious that it is applied to milling, by being conducted in 
troughs from some of the springs. There is no reason to suppose that the gas does not rise 
as abundantly through the gravel in the region around as where the water flows, and where 
it manifests itself by bubbling up through the fountains. 
These springs, if thermal, are so in a very slight degree. The water was a cool refreshing 
drink at the time of my visit, on a warm day in July. They were described by Professors 
A. Eaton and L. C. Beck in 1822.1 
A similar spring rises near the road between Hoosick and Williamstown. 
New-Lebanon Gaseous and Thermal Springs. 
The New-Lebanon spring is well known, and has often been described.^ It is situated in 
the northeast part of the township of New-Lebanon, Columbia county, in a mountainous 
but highly cultivated and densely populated country for a mountain region, and is a place of. 
resort in the warm season for the healthful invigorating mountain air, the medicinal qualities 
of its waters, and the agreeable society there assembled. The spring is copious, delivering 
sixteen barrels of water per minute, of the temperature of 73° of Fahrenheit’s thermometer, 
while the temperature of the other springs around is 62°.§ The gas rises in groups of bubbles 
at intervals of a few seconds ; and as the pool is about six feet deep, bubbles are seen rising 
through some part of the water almost continually. The water is quite tasteless. Its specific 
gravity is scarcely above that of distilled water, as it holds only a minute portion of saline 
matter in solution. The following is the composition, according to the analysis of Dr. Meade, 
of a pint of the water. 
Chloride of calcium,. 0.25 grains. 
Chloride of sodium,... 0.44 “ 
Carbonate of lime,. 0.19 “ 
Sulphate of lime,. 0.37 “ 
1.25 grains. 
“ Bubbles of air continually rise through the crevices of the rock at the bottom of this 
spring, which, ascending rapidly through the water, occasion an incessant agitation, and appear 
to break on the surface without being at all absorbed by the water. This air is given out in 
the proportion of about five cubic inches from a pint of the water; and it.consists, according 
* Eaton. Silliman’s Journal, Vol. 15, p. 234. 
t Eaton and Beck’s Survey of Rensselaer County, p. 29 ; Eaton’s Canal Rocks, 1824, p. 60; L. C. Beck, N. Y. Geological 
Report for 1838, p. 48. 
% These waters were analyzed first by Dr. Meade, and afterwards by Prof. L. C. Beck, who is now the Mineralogist and 
Analyst of the Geological Survey, and his report will contain the mineral composition of all the mineral waters of any celebrity in 
the State. 
§ Eaton. Silliman’s Journal, Vol. 15, p. 234. 
Geol. 1st Dist. , 14 
