ALLUVIAL DIVISION. 115 
2. In a vein of quartz, about thirty rods east of Dean pond, also in Kent. Several metal¬ 
liferous minerals are found here and in the vicinity. 
3. About one-fourth to a half of a mile southwest of Pine pond in Kent, at the mine of 
arsenical iron. The ore, which is abundant, and situated in hornblendic gneiss rock, decom¬ 
poses on the surface, fm-ming sulphate and arseniate of iron. The mine is called the Silver 
mine, and silver is said to have been obtained from the ore. If it contains this metal. Prof. 
Beck will make it known in his report containing the analyses of the minerals. 
4. Another locality was observed about two miles west of the last, half a mile to one mile 
from Boyd’s corners, on the road to Coldspring, near the turn of the road, exposed in dig¬ 
ging the road. This was arsenical iron, decomposed on the surface into sulphate and arse¬ 
niate of iron. 
5. At one of the excavations for magnetic iron ore, eight and a half miles from Coldspring 
in Phillipstown, on the road to Putnam court-house, and half a mile, or perhaps more, north¬ 
east from the principal of the Phillips mines, on the same vein, five or six hundred tons of ore 
have been blasted from the vein. At this locality, the magnetic oxide of iron is so much 
intermixed with pyrites, that it cannot be used to make iron. In some places in the vein, the 
pyrites seems to have been a paste in which the grains of magnetic oxide of iron have been 
disseminated, but it does not generally form more than one-fourth to one-sixth of the mass of 
that part of the vein. By exposure to the weather, copperas is formed, which effloresces in 
dry weather, is washed away by the rains, and is successively formed and renewed, until the 
pyrites is decomposed and the magnetic oxide left nearly pure. 
6. It is believed that sulphate of iron might be manufactured at this place for the market. 
A slight roasting would facilitate the decomposition of the sulphuret. 
7. In Patterson, several localities were observed, where pyrites decomposed and formed 
copperas. One is near Mr. Robinson’s farm, four miles northeast of Carmel. 
8. Another on the same road to Patterson, and within two or three miles of the village, on 
the high ground. The gneiss, about one hundred or two hundred yards west from its junction 
with limestone, contains much pyrites. The metalliferous bed seemed to be five or six feet 
in thickness in the vertically stratified rock, and sulphate of iron effloresced on the surface. 
9. Another locality, about a mile west of Patterson, is in a ridge of gneiss, between strata 
of limestone. This pyritous gneiss stratum extends a distance, it is supposed, of several 
miles, and may at some time be used for the manufacture of sulphate of iron. 
10. In Southeast, a locality of sulphate of iron was examined on Mr. Jedediah Wood’s 
farm, six miles southeast of Carmel, on the hill west of the Croton river. Pyrites abound in 
the rock on the eastern brow of the hill, and copperas effloresces on the face of the rocks. 
Many of the loose masses at and near the foot of the hill are porous, as if once filled with 
pyrites, which have decomposed and washed away. Excavations have been made in two 
places where the pyrites abound. Some of the rock crumbles by the disintegrating action of 
the crystallizing salt. The pyritous stratum was traced along the brow of the hill about two 
hundred yards. It has long been supposed there was a lead mine in this hill; and perhaps it 
may not be inappropriate here to mention circumstances that serve to give countenance to that 
