120 
GEOLOGY OF THE FIRST DISTRICT. 
who wished to obtain small quantities of these materials. Specimens are deposited in the 
State Collection.* 
In Delaware county, near the village of Delhi, bog ore was observed in some quantity, on 
the lands of Mr. Titus and Mr. Sherwood. Bog ore was also observed on the flats of the 
Delaware, on land of Mr. Bela Frost, two and a half miles from Delhi, on the road to Bloom- 
ville. Dr. Henry Marshall, of Kortright, informed me of a locality of bog iron ore on the 
land of Mr. Rich, near Roseville, opposite the mouth of Betty’s brook ; the ore is said to be 
abundant. A bed of iron ore was examined near the Delaware, in the township of Tompkins, 
four miles above Cannonsville. Bog ore occurs on the flats at Deposite, on the Delaware. 
In Sullivan county, shot ore was observed, but not abundantly, between Monticello and 
Forestburgh; also, shot and solid bog ore, on Mr. Hamilton’s farm, two and a half miles 
southwest of Monticello. At both these localities, the ore contained black oxide of manga¬ 
nese, sufiicient to give it a black color. 
Bog ore is said to have been ploughed up on the flats of the Walkill, near Paltz, Ulster 
county. The locality has not been explored, and the quantity is not known. 
In Albany and Saratoga counties, the localities of bog iron ore are numerous. It is there 
formed, as in New-Jersey, by the filtering of the rain water, which holds some carbonic acid 
in solution, and dissolves oxide of iron in the tertiary sands. The water then emerges in 
springs, and flows into the swamps and depressions, where the oxide of iron is deposited by 
the evaporation of the water, and the escape of the carbonic acid that held it in solution. Bog 
ore has been described in Guilderland,t Watervliet and Bethlehem^ in Albany county, and on 
the plains between Saratoga and Ballston in Saratoga county, where a forge was supplied for 
some years with this ore, and which made from fifty to seventy tons of iron per annum.§ 
On the island of New-York, bog iron ore is stated to exist in large beds, and to contain the 
oxide of manganese.il 
In Suffolk county, in the bay two or three miles cast of Riverhead, bog iron ore has been 
formed in a solid layer several inches thick. The locality is commonly called h'on point. It 
is not an ore that can be used, as it contains much sand; and in some places is a brov/nish 
red sandstone, with limonite for its cement. 
In Washington county, bog iron ore is said to have been found two miles southeast of the 
village of Whitehall. Another locality is a mile and a half south of Comstock’s landing. It 
is here on upland, and mixed with oxide of manganese. 
* Red Ochre and Red Chalk ought not to be described here, being peroxides of iron; but it is the most convenient place to 
mention their occurrence and locality. They are near the junction of the white limestone and granitic rocks, probably over the 
limestone. 
t Silliman’s Journal, Vol. 5, p. 270; Webster’s Catalogue, p. 6 ; and Eaton’s Geol. Survey of Albany county, 
t Eaton’s Geol. Survey of Albany county; and Webster’s Catalogue, p. 6. 
(j Steel. Robinson’s Catalogue of Minerals, p. 149. 
11 PiEECE and Torrey. Cleaveland’s Mineralogy, p. 613. 
