DRIFT DIVISION. 
205 
Reference to 
Kind of rock 
State in which 
Direction of the 
works in which 
smoothed and 
the locality was 
scratches. 
the observations 
scratched. 
are registered. 
1 
Limestone .. 
State of Ohio 
N 19° to 33° 
Geol. Report 
W, generally 
ofOhio,1838, 
N310 W 
p. 231. 
— / 
do 
NW and SE 
Hitchcock’s 
/ 
Geol. p. 21. 
_ 
Mather. 
Limestone/.. 
do 
Not particu- 
Personal ob¬ 
1 
lary noted, 
but from a 
N to S course 
servation. 
_ 
. 
— 
Pennsylvania 
Not stated .. 
Hitchcock’s 
Geol. p. 191. 
Thomas .... 
do 
AJ,17,p.408. 
stone 
1 
Mather. 
Limestone .. 
Missouri.... 
Scratches 
Personal ob¬ 
scarcely per¬ 
ceptible 
servation. 
1 
do . 
Granite .... 
Iowa Terri¬ 
Smoothed 
do 
tory 
rocks 
i 
( 
do . 
Hard siliceous 
do 
do 
MS. Report to 
compact 
Sec. of War, 
sandstone. 
1835; and 
hke the Pots¬ 
Mr. Feather- 
dam sand¬ 
stonhaugh’s 
stone 
Report also to 
Sec. of War, 
1835, p. 146. 
do . 
Limestone .. 
do 
do 
Personal ob¬ 
servation. 
Michigan ... 
NW and SE 
Hitchcock’s 
Geol. p. 191. 
Illinois. 
do 
do 
LOCALITIES. 
Remarks. 
Light’s quarry, seven miles north of Dayton, Ohio, on 
the elevated grounds of the Miami valley, where 
stripped of loam, bearing large oak trees. Force acted 
from northward to southward. 
Common on the limestones from the Scioto to the Miami 
valleys where freshly exposed by removal of the super¬ 
incumbent drift deposit. This is often very thick. 
Common on the mountains of Pennsylvania. 
On the Montrose and Milford turnpike, south of the 
great bend of the Susquehannah, fifteen hundred feet 
above tide level. 
On the bank of the Mississippi a broad level surface of 
rock is exposed to the current of the river at high wa¬ 
ter, which sweeps sand and pebbles along, and has 
smoothed and polished the rock over many himdred 
yards in length and one hundred or two hundred in 
breadth, about one mile below Jefferson barracks, and 
eleven below St. Louis. The ice is also frequently 
forced over the same smooth plateau of limestone. 
Enormous masses of granite protruding through the 
alluvial and quaternary deposits of the valley of the 
St. Peters, at the foot of Big Stone lake, are worn 
smooth, and all their angles rounded off. They are 
in place, and seem to have been worn thus at the time 
the water flowed through this valley at a higher level 
than at present. High prairie terraces of the drift 
skirt the valley, perhaps one hundred feet high, and 
the valley is perhaps a mile broad. These masses of 
rock are supposed to have given the name to the lake. 
The boulders of these prairies have already been allu¬ 
ded to. 
These were observed on elevated ground, on the left 
bank of the St. Peter’s river, near the mouth of the 
Riviere aux Liards, about two hundred miles above 
the mouth of the St. Peter’s, near the southern border 
of the primary rocks that range thence by Lake Su¬ 
perior and north of the lakes, to the St. Lawrence 
at the Thousand islands. The rock was worn smooth, 
with numerous pot-holes like those seen at water falls. 
The holes were smooth as glass, as were the surfaces 
of the rocks generally. Some of the holes were two 
feet deep and more, and a foot in diameter. Some of 
them were cleaned out, and pebbles found in them. 
Rocks were often seen smoothed near where they passed 
under the drift deposits in the valley of the St. Peter’s ; 
but as no artificial causes have there uncovered the 
rocks, the exposed portions, ifthey had been scratched, 
no longer showed them, though they did show the 
smoothing action of water and of the materials trans¬ 
ported by it. 
This example is the re¬ 
sult of alluvial action, 
but it illustrates the 
mode by which rocks 
may have been smooth¬ 
ed. 
In Netv-England. 
'Mather. 
Coarse grey 
sandstone of 
the New red 
sandstone 
Connecticut. 
Not noted, but 
northwardly 
and south¬ 
wardly 
Personal ob¬ 
servation in 
1833. 
On the side of the New-Haven and Hartford turnpike, 
one and a half or two miles northeast of Meriden. 
do . 
Trap rock .. 
do 
Not noted, but 
NE’ly and 
SW’ly if me¬ 
mory serves 
do 
On West mountain, on the Hartford and Albany 
turnpike on the east side of the mountain, southeast 
of Wadsworth’s tower. 
Geol. 1st Dist. 
26 * 
