258 
GEOLOGY OF THE FIRST DISTRICT. 
In Bruce’s Mineralogical Journal, various facts on the geology of Long island are stated. 
White clay underlies the sand hills on the north side of Long island, and in many places 
is tinged with iron, so as to make good ochre. This ochre may be traced from Musquito 
cove on Hempstead harbor, to Newtown, in a southwest course, and shows itself in the fol¬ 
lowing places, viz : West side of Hempstead harbor, opposite Musquito cove ; at Plandome, 
two miles farther; head of Cow bay, another mile ; again in a hollow several miles farther 
on the same course, near the head of Little neck bay in Flushing ; and again in Newtown. 
Balls of pyrites are often found in this clay.* The ochre on Cow neck is on Mr. Dodge’s 
farm, and is above high-water mark, on the west side of Hempstead harbor, and is easily 
accessible.* 
(a). Section of a well dug at Great neck, North-Hempstead, for Messrs. William and 
John Mott. 
1. Hard reddish earth, requiring a pick to dig,- 9 
2. Light colored loose sand,-- 21 
3. Dark red loose earth; the upper surface strewed with clam, oyster and scallop shells,. 15 
4. White beach sand, containing rotten wood,_ 6 
5. Fine micaceous sand, with lumps of tough red ochreous clay,- 40 
91t 
(b). Section obtained in digging a well on land of J. Rapelje, on the road across the head of 
Cow neck, between Great neck and Hempstead harbor. 
1. Sandy loam and some gravel,- 10 
2. Compact clay,- 1 
3. Sand and gravel,_ 9 
4. Gravel and rounded stones of quartz, granite, breccia and argillaceous iron-stone,— 10 
5. Mdsses of grey granite jammed together,- 5 
6. Gravel like the fourth stratum,- 3 
7. Hard loam,_ 3 
8. Soft clay,- 0| 
9. Sea sand and coarse gravel and pebbles alternating,- 48^ 
90j; 
•Dr. Mitchill on the Geology of Long island. (Bruce’s Mineralogical Journal, Vol. 1, p. 129.) 
t.Id. lb. p. 202. t Bruce’s Mineralogical Journal. 
