ONTARIO DIVISION. 
359 
of the Hudson-river group. Both these rocks are, in general, more metalliferous than the grit 
rocks ; hence, the metalliferous veins of the grit, when traced into those rocks, or when the 
mines shall have been worked through the grit into them, may probably be more productive. 
The limestone Avas not seen in place at Ellenville, but was observed at no great distance, both 
up and down the valley, parallel to the mountain, dipping in the same direction; and some 
sink-holes, as they appeared to be, left no doubt on,my mind that the limestone ranged a:long 
the valley between the canal and the base of the mountain, covered by alluvial deposits. 
The Ulster mine, near Redbridge, and worked by the North American Coal and Mining 
Company, is situated on the Shawangunk mountain about one mile east of Redbridge, and 
six or seven from Wurtsboro’, at an elevation of six or seven hundred feet above the valley. 
Two or thjee openings have been made. The first, which I believe is the uppermost one, I 
saw in 1837. It had been excavated during the preceding season and winter. It was on a 
line of fault, where the fractured grit rock abutted against the broken, irregular and bent 
edges of the slate of the Hudson slate group. It seemed as though the slate rock had been 
elevated, > and its edges, by rubbing against the face of the grit, had been broken and bent 
very irregularly (Vide PI. 39, fig. 1). The space between the slate and grit was filled with 
a siliceous gangue containing quartz crystals in great numbers and of large size, more or less 
interspersed with masses of blende, galena, copper pyrites and common pyrites. In 1838, 
the company had driven an adit level to intersect the vein at the depth of-feet. This 
level, which intersects the strata of grit rock in a direction nearly perpendicular to their line 
of bearing, has been executed in the best manner, and is abundantly spacious, not only for 
drainage, but for taking out the ore on the most extensive scale, should it be found in quantity. 
Some lead ore has been obtained from this mine, but the quantity is believed not to amount 
to many tons. Whether this mine will ultimately be a profitable investment of capital, is 
doubtful; but it is thought that when the vein shall have been followed into the subjacent slate 
rock, the mine will probably prove more productive than it has thus far. It was intended to 
reexamine this mine, when I could see the results of the explorations of the company, as it 
was intimated to me that they had determined to expend on it ten thousand dollars. I have 
not been able to reexamine it. 
, The Shawangunk mine is located on the Shawangunk mountain, about two miles northeast 
of the flourishing village of Wurtsboro’, in Sullivan county, at an elevation of six hundred 
or seven hundred feet above the Mamakating valley. The vein, in many places, has the 
aspect of a bed parallel to the contiguous strata of the grit rock of the mountain ; but from a 
careful examination, it is believed to be a true vein, which, like some of the veins of mag¬ 
netic iron ore that were examined in Putnam and Orange counties, runs between the strata, 
and then cuts obliquely across them, without altering its dip in any great degree (Vide PI. 
5, fig. 12). The strike of the vein corresponds nearly to that of the grit rock, but its aggre¬ 
gate dip is greater. The strata were observed to be more or less broken and bent, where 
the vein, after passing between them, crossed them obliquely. The grit rock on the moun¬ 
tain near the mine is traversed by small veins of quartz, which is more or less porous from 
the decomposition of its contained minerals. The vein on which the mine is worked, varies 
