CHAMPLAIN DIVISION. 
415 
ral places between South-Granville and Fairvale; and several in the west part of Hartford, 
and east part of Fort-Ann. 
The same rock has also been observed in numerous places in Rensselaer and Columbia 
counties ; but the limestone is there thin, and in some places absent, as at the quarries near 
Lansingburgh. 
Quartz crystals were observed in some abundance in a rock intermediate between this and 
the limestone, in Galway, Saratoga county; and at Diamond hill, one mile south of Galway, 
the rock is geodiferous, and contains many quartz crystals. Some of the geodes are lined 
with crystals of calcareous spar.* 
Oolitic Limestone. 
An oolitic limestone has been observed in several localities in the Calciferous group, both 
in New-York and New-Jersey.f It is a common rock along the southern extremities of the 
Palmertown and Kayadarosseras mountains in Saratoga county, and has been described by 
Dr. J. H. Steel.J “ The calcareous concretions, which characterize and identify this forma¬ 
tion, are, for the most part, arranged in successive layers throughout the strata in which they 
appear; they are globular, of the size of mustard seed, possess a shining black color, and 
are evidently composed of concentric layers. They are united in the mass by a calcareous 
cement, more or less granular, combined with fine siliceous sand. 
“ More than one-half of the whole mass of some of the strata which constitute the series 
of this formation, consists of these globular concretions ; in others they are more sparingly 
diffused, and some of the strata appear to be composed altogether of a calcareo-siliceous sand, 
without the intervention of a single globule. These are mostly of a darkish grey cast, but 
they are in some places rendered brown by the intervention of ferruginous particles. 
“ In and near the road which leads from Greenfield to Ballston-Spa, by the way of Row¬ 
land’s mills, on the farm of Deacon Wood, is a bank composed of a series of horizontal strata, 
where the peculiar characteristic features of this formation are well defined, and may be 
readily examined. 
“ One of the strata at this place presents a very singular appearance, and one which, if it 
occurs elsewhere, has never been noticed, so far as I am able to learn, by any writer. The 
surface of this stratum is fairly exposed for a number of rods to the north and south of the 
bank beneath which it evidently passes. It is about two feet in thickness, and has imbedded 
throughout its substance great quantities of calcareous concretions of a most singular structure; 
♦ Anthracite in small pieces is frequently found in the calciferous rooks, and most frequently in the cavities of the strata in 
.which the quartz crystals occur so abundantly. This is supposed to be the source of the small fragments of anthracite that are 
so often seen in the grits and slates of the Hudson-river group; since these latter rocks are partly formed of the ruins of the 
lower portion of the Champlain division. 
t Vide Geological Report of New-Jersey, by Prof. H. D. Rodgers, p. —; Robinson’s Catalogue of American Minerals, p. 165; 
American Journal of Science, Vol. xix, p. 398: at Edenville (Dr. Young). 
J American Journal of Science (J. H. Steel), Vol. ix, pp. 16, 19. 
