576 
GEOLOGY OF THE FIRST DISTRICT. 
with limestone. There are three ore beds southwest of Mount-Hope furnace, near the two 
ponds, which are connected by a peat bog, and have different outlets, one flowing northwardly 
by the furnace into South bay of Lake Champlain, and the other flowing southwards into the 
west branch of Wood creek. A large share of the ore for this furnace is hauled in winter on 
the ice across these ponds and the marsh. Indications of ore were seen near the furnace, 
and it is probable that it might be obtained in abundance much nearer the furnace than the 
mines from which it is supplied. 
Mount-Hope furnace is the only high furnace in Washington county. There are several 
forges where anchors and other work are made, on the waters of the west branch of Wood 
creek. Some of the iron is made from the pig, and some from ore brought from Essex 
county. 
A good ore bed is said to have been discovered near Comstock’s landing. I did not see it, 
and did not know of it until I had left that part of the county. 
Another is also said to have been discovered north of Dake’s corners, in Fort-Ann. 
Another locality was indicated to me on the shore of Lake Champlain, two or three miles 
south of Putnam ferry, in Dresden; but I did not find the right locality, or else there was a 
mistake in the nature of the material described to me. The rocks along the shore between 
that place and Putnam ferry were observed to contain grains of magnetic oxide of iron dis¬ 
seminated, but no locality was seen there that would justify exploration. 
Garnet, in a granular form, is so abundant in some of the granitic rocks near Putnam ferry, 
and near Rogers’s rock, as to make the name of garnet rock an appropriate one. This kind 
of rock, however, is local, and generally on or near a transverse axis of elevation. 
A large body of iron ore exists in the mountain south of the mouth of the Sacandaga river, 
and about two miles south of Hadley’s falls.* These veins were examined and described by 
Mr. Seymour. He reported that there were ten or fifteen veins of the ore, and that those 
opened were five to eight feet wide. He mentioned that the Porter vein that was opened be¬ 
came wider as they descended below the surface, and less mixed with its gangue, which is 
felspar. The ore is said to make very tough and soft iron, and superior even to the iron of 
the Arnold ore bed. He reports the veins as ranging due north, lying nearly vertical; while 
the strata range east-northeast, and dip about thirty degrees to the north-northwest. The ore 
is magnetic, and yields thirty to forty and fifty per centum. The eastern mines are owned 
by Dr. Mitchill of Fish-house ; the western, which are more accessible, belong to Messrs. 
M. Jeffers of Hadley, and A. B. Fay of Fish-house. 
* Hadley’s falls are indicated on our county maps as being several miles below Jesup’s landing, while they are several miles 
above, and just above the mouth of the Sacandaga river. 
