INDEX. 
645 
Equivalents, geological, 3, 366, (note), 
405. 
— of the white limestone, 468 - 476. 
Erie, division of rocks, 2, 305, 317 - 
324. 
Erratic blocks, 163 -164. 
— of Long island, 165. 
Esopus flats, 9. 
— millstones, 357. 
Euastrum, 52, 57-64. 
Eunotia, 49, 52, 74. 
Euomphalus, 346, 349. 
Eurite, 440, 625. 
Excavating action of water, 42. 
F, 
Fairfield slate, 367. 
Fairhaven falls destroyed, 42. 
Fall of mass of rocks from Butterkill, 
37. 
Falls of St. Anthony, 2. 
Fassaite, 531. 
Faults at Ulster lead mine, 359. 
— Buntico point and the Traps, 356 - 
357; on the Shawangunk (note), 
93. 
— sulphur springs on line of distur¬ 
bance, 94. 
— and derangements of strata near 
gaseous and thermal springs, in 
.slate and clay, since the period 
of the drift formation, 156 -157, 
387. 
— in sand and clay of Long-island 
division, 250. 
— double, in red sandstone, 282. 
— lines of, in the Catskill division, 
313. 
— and derangements of the Helder- 
berg division, etc. 324-346, 
— and derangement of the Ontario 
division, 356-357, 365. 
Favosites, 339, 344, 397, 373, 376,403, 
412, 426, 428, 429, 430, 434,453, 
456, 479, 504, 516, 517, 569. 
Felspar, 516, 604, 591, 577-578. 
Fevers from stagnation on marshes, 9. 
Fibrolite, 578. 
Finch’s description of the quaternary 
ofNew-York, 130. 
Firestone, (note), 314, 371, 421, 436, 
447, 491. 
Flagstone, 318, 387, 417, 418, 429,446. 
Flats (alluvial) in the First District, 
7, 8, 9. 
Flinty slate, (Vide siliceous slate). 
Fluor spar, 578, 
Flushing marshes, 18. 
Folded strata and axes, 298, 381, 386, 
631. 
Formations of the First Geological Dis¬ 
trict. 2. 
— modification of arrangement, 246. 
Fort Tompkins, 21. 
Fossil bones of mastodon and ele¬ 
phant, 44. 
— bones on Long and Staten islands, 
261 - 262. 
— shells, on Long and Staten islands, 
262 - 263. 
— plants of the quaternary clay of 
Albany, 123. 
— plants of the Catskill division, 
301, 303, 311. 
— plants of the coal formation, 296. 
— plants of the red sandstone, 289. 
— wood of Troy, 140. 
— wood of Long island, 252, 253, 
256, 264-267. 
Fossils of Long-island, 261 - 270. 
— of Long island, why they are rare, 
274-275. 
— influence of polar currents on, 277 
-278, 299. 
— Barnegate limestone, 410. 
— Champlain division, 390-395, 400 
402, 410, 411, 412. 
— of Erie division, 320, 321-323. 
— of Helderberg division, 324, 333, 
337-.353. 
Fourier on caloric and temperature of 
space, 217, 220. 
Fox island, 21. 
Fractures of strata, Buntico point, 93, 
and note of 93, 94, 330-336, 
381-386. 
— localities of pyrites, 117. 
— in Catskill and Erie divisions, 323. 
— transverse, 333, 356, 381, 427,430, 
478, 516,517. 
— longitudinal, 333, 356, 368. 
_ effects of, in the topography of the 
country, 333-334,356-357,365. 
Fragillaria, 49, 50, 52, 76. 
Frankfort slate group, 367. 
Franklinite, 470. 
Freestone of red sandstone, 285, 287. 
Freshkill marshes, 18. 
Fresh-[)ond creek beach. 27. 
Frost, effects in producing alluvial 
changes, 36. 
Frustiilia, 52, 242. 
Fucoides, 302, 391, 393-395, 417. 
Fuller’s earth, 491. 
Fucoides caiida-galli, 325, 341, 342. 
Furnaces, 286, 371. 
G. 
Gaillonella, 52, 66 - 69. 
Gale, Prof. 136- 139, 161, 209, 461, 
518 - 523, 581 - 604. 
Galena, 314, 358, 359 - 362, 498-500, 
578. 
Galleries of mines, 360. 
Gardner’s island, 20. 
Garnets, 441, 442, 443, 470, 576, 
578. 
— manganesian, 484, 531, 560. 
Garnet rock, 484, 531. 
— yellow, 414. 
— blackish, 575. 
Gaseous'springs, 104 - 108. 
Gebhard, J. 80, 109, 110, 323, 338, 
367. 
Genesee shales, 217. 
Geodes of limonite in the Long-island 
division, 252. 
Geological position of tufa, 81, 
— gaseous and thermal springs, 104. 
— sulphur springs, 94. 
— drift deposits, 159. 
Geological age of drift, 627. 
— Bellevale and Skunnemunk moun¬ 
tain rocks, 626. 
— Long-island formation, 266 - 270, 
272, 273, 627. 
— metamorphic rocks, 627. 
— quaternary, 627. 
— quartz rock, 627. 
— red sandstone, 293 - 294, 627. 
— limestones, 627. 
— serpentine, 284, 285. 
— slate rocks of Hudson valley, 627. 
— trappean rocks, 283,284,295, 627. 
— laconic rocks, 626. 
'— upper drift, 627. 
Geological survey of N. Y. island, 
details of, 581 - 604. 
Glaciers, 226. 
Glacier theory of M. Agassiz, 224. 
Glazed slate, 367, 390. 
Glazing with Albany clay, 141. 
Glossy felspar, 534, 539. 
Glen’s falls tufa, 81. 
Globulus, 50. 
Gloenema, 52, 243. 
Gneiss, 444, 516 - 620,529,537 - 538,. 
542 - 550, 532 - 604. 
Gneissoid hornblende, 444, 516 - 620, 
543. 
Gomphonema, 49, 50, 52, 239. 
Goshen butter, 313. 
Granite, associated with white lime¬ 
stone, 4, 476, 483, 484. 
— gneissoid, 542. 
Geol. 1st Dist. 
85 
