INDEX. 
647 
Infusoria, action of alcohol on, 77. 
— iodine on, 63. 
— fluviatile, 243. , 
— marine of Va. 243 - 244. 
Inlets of Long island, 29. 
Intrusive rocks, 440 - 441. 
Intrusive rocks, commonly classed 
among primary, 516. 
Iodine, action of, on some infusoria. 
Iron arsenical, 115, 119. 
— arseniate, 115, 119. 
— carbonate, 307, 314, 322. 
— chromate, 463, 
— columnar, 261. 
— oxide limonite, 252 - 255. 
— magnetic, 117, 413, 459, 462, 470, 
481, 484, 485-529, 539, 578. 
— veins of, 484. (Vide veins). 
— crystallized, 562. 
— micaceous, 281, 282. 
— bisulphuret, 84 - 85, 114-119,252, 
578 (Vide Pyrites.) 
— protosulphuret,(Vide Pyrites, mag¬ 
netic). 
— sulphate, 83, 114-119. 
— specular, 514. 
— titaniferous, 514, 537. 
Island, Coney, 20. 
— Fox, 21. 
— Gardiner’s, 20. 
— Gull, 20. 
— Hog, 21. 
— Long, 20, 21. 
— Martinecock, 21. 
— Plum, 20. 
Islands, alluvial, of the Hudson. 
— of rock emerging from the quater¬ 
nary, 131. 
— Long, Staten, etc.; origin of qua¬ 
ternary of, 150. 
— New-England, New-York, etc.; 
150- 152. 
Isthmia, 52, 238. 
Isotelus, 397. 
Ithaca group, 305. 
— and Chemung group, 317. 
J. 
Jamaica bay marshes, 18. 
Jasper, 282, 462, 578. 
Jaspery slate, 396. 
Jeffersonite, 470, 
Joints in trap, 281. 
— in the Catskill division, 302. 
— Champlain division, 372, 373, 381, 
386, 406. 
— Erie division, 318, 323. 
— Helderberg division, 327, 330,333. 
— Primary rocks, 517, 547. 
Joints in the Shawangunk grit, 356 - 
357. 
— their influence in the contour of 
hills, etc., 333-334, 356-357, 
365. 
— Taconic rocks, 430, 433, 449. 
— and veins, tables of, 625, 
Jones inlet, 29. 
Junction of limestone and slate, 434 - 
435. 
K. 
Kaolin, 250, 456, 578. 
Kaskaskia, 3. 
Keeseville sandstone, 367. 
Kelp may be obtained from marine 
peat, 19. 
Kentucky, 3. 
Kidd’s rock, 22. 
— alluvial action, 22 - 23. 
Kidd’s money, 23. 
Kilns, brick, 142- 143, 251. 
— lime, 328, 403. 
Kinderhook (delta near landing), 7. 
Kyanite, 578. 
li. 
Labrador current, 223. 
Labradorite, 537, 578. 
Lacernata, 51, 242. 
Lake Superior, 2. 
Lamination oblique of slate, 370, 388 
- 389, 390. 
Lamination oblique of strata, 310. 
Land slides (Vide slides). 
— causes, 32, 35. 
— of Long island, 32, 33. 
— Albany, 33. 
— of Troy, 33 - 35, 634 - 636, 
— at Claverack, 35. 
— Hudson, 36. 
Lateral motion of strata, 632 - 633. 
Laumonite and stilbite locality, 534. 
Lavas (ancient), 283. 
Lead mine, 434, 436. 
Lead mine (Vide “mine”). 
— reputed in Putnam county, 116. 
— in Orange county, 118. 
Lead ore (Galena), 314, 358, 362, 436. 
— how cupelled for silver, 505. 
Lebanon springs, 89. 
Lethma geognostica, 340, 
Levels of ancient beaches, 152 - 153, 
— the quaternary formations, 154. 
Lightning a cause of alluvial changes, 
38. 
Lignite in clay, 128, 252. 
— in sand of Long island, 252, 264 - 
267. 
— pyritized, 252, 265, 266. 
Lignite limonitized, 252. 
Lily encrinite, 348, 
Lime, 328, 333, 337, 403, 411 -412, 
413, 414, 450, 451, 453 - 459. 
— of organic bodies, whence de¬ 
rived, 77-79. 
Limestone, Black river, 402. 
— Barnegate, 410 - 415, 
— breccia, 406 - 409. 
— Catskill shaly, 325. 
— conglomerate, 408 - 409, 448. 
— corniferous, 337 - 339. 
— Delthyris shaly, 325, 343. 
— gneissoid, 600. 
— granular, 425, 431. 
— Helderberg grey sparry, 325, 358. 
— hydraulic, 325. 
— micaceous, 473, 483. 
— Selenurus, 325. 
— Seneca, 325. 
— Scutella, 325. 
— sparry, 325. 
— Onondaga, 325. 
— Pentamerus, 325. 
— red, 477, 479. 
— slaty, 417. 
— sparry, 409. 
— Trenton, 397 - 402. 
— tentaculite, 325. 
— water limestones, 325. 
— taconic rocks, 425 - 433. 
— altered, 448, 600. 
— of the new red sandstone forma¬ 
tion, 288, 
— white of Orange county, changes 
of, 468 - 475. 
Limonite, Townsend’s ore bed, 251. 
Line of upheave, 331, 333, 
Lithographic sand, 250. 
Little Hog neck, near Sagg harbor, 25. 
Little-neck bay marshes, 18, 
Little Neuten hook, alluvia of, 7. 
Littorina, 349. 
Lipocrinites, 346, 347, 349. 
Livingston creek delta, 8. 
Lloyd’s neck marshes, 18. 
— and beaches, etc. 25, 26. 
Localities of peat and marl, 14 - 17. 
— salt marshes, 18 - 19. 
— encroachments of sea, 19 - 24. 
— crystallized minerals of the War¬ 
wick limestone, 466 - 468. 
— exposures of fine sections of the 
Catskill division, 307 - 312. 
— exposures of fine sections of the 
Champlain division, 385, 407. 
— exposures of fine sections of the 
taconic, 423. 
— tufa, 80. 
