648 
INDEX. 
Locations of towns and villages on the 
quaternary, 128. 
Locke, Dr., 191. 
Logs and trees in alluvion, 44. 
Long beach, 26. 
Long island occupied mostly by quater¬ 
nary system, 2. 
— causes of alluvial depositions of 
beaches, etc. 25. 
— composed of several islands uni¬ 
ted, 25, 
— land slips, 32. 
— primary rocks of, 3. 
— formation, 248 - 278. 
— causes of, 273 - 274. 
— equivalency of, 268 - 270, 272 - 
273. 
Long-island division, 244. 
— age of, 627. 
— hypothetical origin of, 150. 
Longitudes varied by refrigeration, 631 
-633. 
Lydian stone, 578. 
Lymnea, 11. 
Hff. 
Magnetic pyrites, 578; (Vide Pyrites, 
— Oxide of iron of Highlands, and of 
Saratoga and Washington coun¬ 
ties, 559-579; (Vide also iron, 
magnetic oxide.) 
Magnesia, carbonate and hydrate, 162. 
Magic gla^s infatuation, 116. 
Manganese, oxides of, 121, 314, 432, 
492. 
Manufacture of lime, 411; (Vide 
Lime.) 
Manure, 11, 13, 230, 236. 316, 602. 
Map, geological, of Long island, 25. 
Marbles, 326, 352, 431, 436, 443, 445, 
450, 451,453,458,461-463,478. 
— black, 398, 399. 
Marcellus shale, 305, 317, 320, 321, 
323. 
Marine alluvions, 17. 
— peat, 17. 
Martinecock point, 21. 
Marl, 10, 229; origin, 10; how dis¬ 
covered, 11 ; uses, 11. 
— explanation of the limitation of the 
— tables of localities, 14, 15, 16. 
— green, 266-270, 272. 
— red, 286, 288. 
Marly clay, 128. 
Marmolite, 462. 
Marsh, 12, 17. 
Marshes (salt) of New-York, 18, 19. 
Marshes, 371. 
Maryland, 2. 
Mastodon, bones of, found in alluvia, 
44, 232-233, 636. 
— traditions of the habits of, 44. 
— earliest records of in the United 
States, 47. 
Mather, Cotton, letter to Royal Society 
on mammoth, 47. 
Meade, Dr. 101, 105. 
Mean temperature of climates, 227. 
Mecock bay marshes, 18. 
Medina sandstone, 355. 
Meerschaum, 284. 
Meionite, 578. 
Meridion, 52, 76. 
Merino Mount, slips of clay beds, 36. 
Merrick, Prof., 84, 121, 157, 433. 
Metallization of ammonia, 78. 
Metalliferous veins, 358-362, 405 ; 
(Vide veins and ores.) 
Metamorphic rocks, 418, 431, 439- 
488. 
— eastof Highlands, 440, 441-465. 
— of Highlands, and of Saratoga and 
Washington counties, 465 - 487. 
— of Hudson, 450-463. 
— of Highlands, of Rockland and 
of Orange counties, 476-480. 
— of Putnam county, 480-485. 
— of Washington county, 485-487. 
— changes of, 468 - 475. 
— limestone, 431. 
— white and red limestone, 465-476. 
— limestones, in note, 288; white of 
Warwick, 320, 466. 
— agency, period of, 405, 629 - 631. 
— greywacke and limerock, 367. 
Mica, 459, 465, 578 ; crystallized, 479, 
480, 566; black, 539; green, 
539, 566, 573, large sheets. 
— slate, 435, 441, 442, 443, 453, 531, 
east of the Hudson; 537-538, 
west of the Hudson. 
Micaceous gneiss, 484, 485, 516 - 620. 
— limestone, 453, 483, 548. 
— oxide of iron, 281, 282. 
Michigan, coal field of, 3. 
Micrasterius, 52, 57. 
Micromega, 53. 
Microtheca, 52, 65. 
Middle-island boulders, 21. 
Miemite, 481. 
Millstone grit, 355. 
Millstones, 357. 
Mine holes of Baron Horsenclever, 
117. 
Mineral rod infatuation, 116. 
Mineral rod, 503. 
Minerals of the O'Neill mine, 573. 
Minerals of the Catskill division, 314. 
— of Orange county, 577 - 579. 
— crystallized of the white limestone, 
466 - 468. 
— ne w, supposed to be, 512. 
— tables of, 524, 573, 577-579. 
Mines, arsenic, 115, 119. 
— coal, 314, 315, 391-393. 
— copper, 314, 315, 456, 500, 508. 
— gold, reputed, 447. 
— iron, 488, 498, 559-576. 
— lead, 358- 362, 430 ; reputed, 485. 
— silver, reputed, 115, 117, 118,315, 
447, 456, 483, 485, 498 - 508. 
— tin, reputed, 485. 
— zinc, 500-508. 
Mississippi coal field, 3. 
Missouri, coal of in southwest part, 3. 
— river, cretaceous formation, 3. 
Mitchill, Dr. 229-232, 261. 
Mitchill, Dr., on the origin of peat, 
229, 232. 
Modes of making salt, 86, 88. 
Mohawk alluvia, 4, 5. 
— limestone, 367, 402, 405-406. 
— slate, 367. 
Molybdenum, sulphuret of, 536. 
Montauk point, encroachments of the 
sea, 19, 25. 
Montrose sandstone, 299. 
Mount Misery, alluvial changes, 23. 
Mulberry encrinite, 347. 
Murderer’s creek flats, 9. 
Muriate of lime, 86, 88. 
— of soda, 86-88. 
Musquitoes, 233. 
Musquito cove marshes, 18, 234. 
— veils, 233. 
N. 
Native magnet, 568, 571, 575. 
Native sulphur, 113, 114. 
Natural breakwater, 26, 27. 
— bridges. 111, 113, 477. 
— Naunema, 53, 242. 
Navicula, 49, 50, 52, 71 - 73. 
Naviculacea, 51, 65. 
Neeleytown limestone, 367. 
Nepeague marsh, 18. 
— beach, 25. 
Neuten hook (great and little), alluvia 
of, 7. 
Newburgh bay flats, 9. 
— limestone, 367. 
New inlet, 29. 
New-Lebanon springs, 105. 
— tufaceous marl, 81. 
New minerals, supposed to be, 613. 
