INDEX. 
649 
New-York island, diary of the geolo¬ 
gical survey of, 581 - 504, 
—' borings for water, 
— marshes, 
— quaternary and drift, 
—- primary of, 3, 516 - 534, 
— metamorphic rooks, 451, 461, 
— marble, 532. 
— minerals, table of, 524. 
New-York system, 298. 
— age of these rocks, 626, 
— position and extent of, 2. 
New red sandstone, age of discussed, 
293-294, 627. 
Nicholas-neck marshes, 18. 
Nitrate of lime, 85, 354. 
— of potassa, 85. 
•— where to be sought, 85, 
Norman’s kill flats, 9. 
Northeast gaseous spring, 106. 
Oak neck, 21. 
— marshes, 18. 
Oblique lamination of slate, 388 - 389, 
390. 
Ocean currents, 632 (Vide currents 
and polar and equatorial currents). 
Ochre, red, 119. 
— yellow, 25, 256, 258, 261, 496. 
Ocombamack neck marshes, 18. 
Odontella, 52, 57, 
Odontocephalus selenurus, 337, 338. 
Ohio, 3. 
Old-man’s harbor beach, 27. 
Old red sandstone, 299. 
Oneida conglomerate, 355. 
Oneida or Shawangunk grit and con¬ 
glomerate, 2. 
Onondaga limestone, 2, 325, 339. 
— salt group, 2, 353. 
Ontario division, 2, 353. 
Opalescent felspar, 537. 
Opinions of Dr. Horton, 580. 
Oolitic limestone of Orange county, 
405-411. 
— east of Saratoga county, 415, 416. 
— iron ore, 489. 
Ooze of alluvial depositions, 7, 8, 388. 
Orange county, fossil bones of, 44. 
Ores of the Champlain, taconic and 
metamorphic rooks, 488 - 509. 
—. arsenic, 507 - 508. 
— copper, 498-508 (Vide copper). 
— iron, 488-498, 559. 
— lead, 498 - 508. 
— limonite, 488 - 498. 
— cerium, 509, 532. 
— silver, 498 - 508. 
Geol. 1st Dist. 
Ores, titanium, 508, 532, 578. 
— zinc, 498 - 508. 
Oriskany sandstone, 325, 342. 
Orpiment, 115,119, 577 (Vide arsenic, 
sulphuret). 
Orthis, 337, 345, 350, 
Orthoceratites, 395, 
Outcrop not parellel to the strike, 333, 
356, 357, 517. 
Overslaugh (alluvions in Hudson ri¬ 
ver), 5. 
Overturned strata, 330, 335, 351. 
Owen, Mr. 191. 
Oxide of iron, manganese, 121, 
Oxide of titanium (Vide titanium and 
ores). 
Oyster bay, 18. 
Oyster-pond marshes, 18. 
Oyster-pond point, 20. 
Oyster-pond beach, 25. 
Palisades trappean rocks in Rockland 
county, 2, 278, 279. 
— heights of peaks, 280. 
Pargasite, 467, 477, 513, 578. 
Patchogue marshes, 18. 
Paving stones, 141. 
Pawlet river alluvions in Lake Cham¬ 
plain, 6. 
Peacock’s point, 22. 
Peat, 9, 229. 
— description of, and origin, 12,229. 
— tables of localities, 14,^ 15, 16. 
Peekskill delta and flats, 9. 
Pentasterias, 51, 55. 
Pentamerus, 239, 346, 349. 
— limestone, 325, 346 - 349. 
Period of elevation during the quater¬ 
nary epoch, 154- 158. 
— of Hudson slates, 368. 
Periods of elevation, 628 - 629. 
— metamorphic agency, 629 - 631. 
Petuntze, 456. 
Petrification, 79 - 80. 
Phillips, Prof. .Tohn, on geological dy¬ 
namics, 219. 
Phosphate of lime, 465, 467, 479, 481, 
578. 
Physa, 11. 
Pileopsis, 338. 
Pine-plains, sinking of ground near, 
36. 
Plandome bay spits, 28. 
Planorbis, 11. 
Plants of carboniferous epoch, 296, 
— more recent formations, 296. 
— Catskill division, 301. 
Platyceras, 338, 345. 
86 
Pleurotomaria, 339. 
Plumbaginous slate, 434. 
Plumbago, 465 - 487, 521, 578. 
Plum island and Plum gut, 20. 
Plutonic rocks, 516. 
Podosera, 50. 
Podosphenia, 52, 239. 
Poisson on refrigeration, 217. 
Polar currents, 217, 221. 
— influence of, on drift ice, 222. 
— fossils, 277 - 278. 
Polarity of magnetic oxide of iron, 
568, 571, 575. 
Polythalamia, 49, 
Pond, bursting of, 235, 
Portage group, 317. 
Potholes, 213. 
Potsdam sandstone, 2, 3, 367, 418 - 
419, 
Potomac marble, 288. 
Potteries, 145. 
Potter’s clay, 250. 
Poultney river alluvions in Lake Cham¬ 
plain, 6. 
Prairie region, drift deposits of, 162. 
Precious serpentine, 481. 
Prescott, Calvin, 502. 
Primary rocks, description of 516 - 
604, 534. 
Primary system, 2, 516, 604. 
— extent of, in First geological dis¬ 
trict, 3. 
Primary rocks of the Highlands, etc. 
542 - 550. 
-- Washington and Saratoga coun¬ 
ties, 550 - 558. 
Problem of diminished diameter of the 
earth on the length of the day, 
633, 638, 639. 
Pseudolite, 579. 
Pulaski shales, 367. 
Pyrites, magnetic, 460, 572, 574, 578, 
Pyrites, 84, 85, 114 - 119, 252, 265, 
323, 354, 358, 359, 378, 392,421, 
431, 436, 443, 447, 450, 453, 476, 
482, 484, 494, 520, 536, 539, 559, 
562, 570, 571, 578, 598, 599. 
Pyrites in quaternary clay, 128, 
Pyritous grit, 362. 
— limestone, 478. 
— slate, 325, 353 - 355. 
— quartz, 504. 
— stratum at the base of the Helder- 
berg divi.sion, 84, 353. 
— clay of Staten island and New. 
Jersey, 266. 
Pyrites and carbon at the junction of 
limestone and talc slate, 447. 
Pyrophyllite, 483, 532 - 533. 
