GALLERY.] NATURAL HISTORY. (Fossils.) 85 
In the Wall Case 6 will be found the remains of various Mammalia 
belonging to the order Ruminantia. 
In the Wall Case 7 are arranged the fossil carnivorous mammalia, in¬ 
cluding skulls and various other portions of the skeleton of bears, chiefly 
from Gailenreuth in Franconia; remains of the hyaena from the caverns 
of Torquay and Kirkdale. Certain insectivorous mammalia are also 
placed in this case, as well as the very valuable specimen presented by 
W. J. Broderip, Esq., the lower jaw of the Phascolotherum Buck - 
landi, from the Great Oolite of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire. 
Room V. 
This room contains the collection of Fossil Fishes, arranged after M. 
Agassiz’s system, as developed in his work, Recherches sur les Poissons 
fossiles. They are divided into four Orders, namely, the Placoids, the 
Ganoids, the Ctenoids and the Cycloids. The first of these orders com¬ 
prehends individuals mostly of considerable dimensions, whose skel¬ 
etons, by reason of their soft, cartilaginous nature, are less enduring; 
their fossil remains therefore generally occur as small detached portions 
only of the w r hole body, such as teeth, palates, and dorsal fins, some of 
which, as smaller objects, are under arrangement in the Table Cases 
(1 to 4). The remaining three orders of this class, demanding ampler 
space, are placed in, and on the top of, the upright wall cases on the south 
side of the room. The red figures on the labels of the genera refer to the. 
larger suspended boards bearing the names of the orders and families; 
while the names of the species are written on labels variously tinted, in 
accordance with the colour tablets within the cases, indicating the geolo¬ 
gical formations to which the specimens respectively belong. 
The Order of Ganoids or Goniolepidoti, (names derived, the one 
from the lustre, the other from the angular form of the scales of these 
fishes,) occupies the Cases* 1 to 16; it is divided into twelve fami¬ 
lies, namely, the Cephalaspidians, Acanthodians, Dipterians, Lepidoids,. 
Sauroids, the Celacanths, Pycnodons, Scleroderms, Gymnodons, and 
the Siluroids; with two other of Cuvier’s families, of w T hich specimens 
are wanting in the collection. 
Among the specimens deposited to illustrate the first of those families 
(Cases 1 to 3, upper shelves), may be particularized some of the 
extraordinary types occurring only in the most ancient of the palaeozoic 
formations; the old red sandstone of Scotland having furnished the 
most interesting of them, such as the Cephalaspis Lyellii , so named 
after its discoverer, by whom the specimen here deposited w r as presented, 
together with the equally remarkable Pterygotus,f both from Carmilye 
quarries, Forfarshire ;—also various most instructive specimens of Coc- 
costeus and Pterychthys, such as those of Coccosteus decipiens and 
cuspidatus from Caithness and Cromarty, and that of Coccostens 
oblongus from Lethenbar, presented by Major Cautley. 
Among the Acanthodians and Dipterians (Cases 4 and 5, upper 
shelves), both confined to the old red sandstone and carboniferous 
* By “ Case 1, 2, 3, &c.,” the divisions or compartments of the principal Wall 
Cases are understood. 
t The Pterygotus is, however, now again referred to the Crustacea by M. 
Agassiz. 
