1*20 GALLERY OF ANTIQUITIES. [pHIGALIAN 
Telephus. are seen below. From the coast of Laconia. Presented 
by Colonel Leake , 1838. 
No. 43. Draped female statue, wanting the head. From Sparta. 
Presented by Colonel Leake , 1838. 
No. 44. Hermaic stele of Demeter; dedicated by Cheionis. 
From Mantinea, in Arcadia. Presented by Colonel Leake , 1838. 
No. 45. Torso of a naked statue of Apollo. From Luku, proba¬ 
bly the ancient Thyrea, in the Peloponnese. Presented by Colonel 
Leake , 1838. 
At the sides of the Saloon, over the Phigalian frieze, are two pedi¬ 
ments, of precisely the same form and dimensions as those which deco¬ 
rated the eastern and western ends of the Temple of Jupiter Panhelle- 
nius, in the island of iEgina. The ruins of this temple were visited in 
1811 by Mr. Cockerell and other gentlemen, and extensive and careful 
excavations were carried on, by which all the members and details of 
the cornice and mouldings have been ascertained; and the minute and 
accurate measurements then made have been the authorities from which 
these imitations have been constructed. The greater part of the statues 
which adorned these pediments were at the same time discovered, and 
every circumstance illustrative of their original position, with relation to 
the architecture of the temple, was noted with as much accuracy as the 
case would admit. From the notes then made, and from long and 
careful study of the sculptures themselves, and the space which they 
occupied, Mr. Cockerell composed the groups very much in the mode 
in w T hich they are now r exhibited. From the violence with which the 
temple had been destroyed, probably by an earthquake, all the statues 
had been in some degree mutilated, and some so entirely destroyed that 
it was in vain to attempt their restoration. Those which were capable 
of repair were committed to the hands of Mr. Thorwaldsen, and in 
uniting the broken fragments, and restoring the parts of them that 
were deficient, that eminent artist has show’n the greatest care and 
sagacity. 
The pediment at the north side of the room is taken from the western 
end of the temple; it contains ten figures, and it is supposed that there 
w r as originally one more, who w r as stooping down to assist the fallen 
warrior, who is wounded, at the feet of Minerva. The subject is sup¬ 
posed to be the contest between the Greeks and Trojans for the body of 
Patroclus. 
Of the figures which adorned the other pediment only five now re¬ 
main, and the loss of the rest is the more to be lamented, as the sculp¬ 
tures of this eastern end are of a much higher character than those of 
the western. From the few figures which are still spared to us, it appears 
that the subject of this picture w r as similar to that of the other pediment, 
modified only by the taste and skill of the artist. 
Round the sides of this room, beneath the Phigalian frieze, and on 
the floor, are eleven bas-reliefs, formerly part of the celebrated mauso¬ 
leum at Halicarnassus, a tomb erected in honour of Mausolus, king of 
Caria, by his wife Artemisia, in the 4th year of the 106th Olympiad, 
E.c. 353. This monument, one of the seven wonders of the world, 
was built by the architects Phiteus and Satyrus, and adorned with : 
sculptures by five sculptors, viz.: Pythis, who made a quadriga for the ji 
