266 
APPLE-ORCHARDS.-NO. 1. 
coming more and more multiplied, it is difficult to 
make out a list of those best adapted for the dessert, 
the kitchen, or general use. This branch of know¬ 
ledge, we think, forms a very important feature in 
ractical horticulture, and is one of the most desira- 
le objects to which individuals and societies for 
the encouragement of experiments in cultivation 
can direct their attention. It would, at least, have 
a tendency to diminish the embarrassing list of 
varieties, by confining themselves to the best sorts. 
Apples, for the various purposes in domestic 
economy, recommend themselves to our choice by 
very different qualities ; though some few varieties 
are almost equally well adapted to all purposes. In 
those for the table, we require sweetness with a 
subdued and pleasant acidity, and a delicate, aro¬ 
matic flavor. In the kitchen-apple, size, the 
quality of keeping, and a considerable acidity are 
the principal requisites ; and in those intended for 
boiling and for making sauce, or apple-butter, 
acidity is an indispensable property. The best 
apples for cider, are those which yield a juice of the 
greatest specific gravity; and it is believed to be 
true that cider made from trees grown on a strong, 
clayey soil, has more strength, and will keep bet¬ 
ter, than that made from trees on a sandy soil. 
The red and yellow color of the rind is considered 
as good indications of cider-fruit, and apples of the 
various degrees of these colors are decidedly prefer¬ 
able to those of which the rinds are green. The 
pulp should be yellow, the taste rich, and some¬ 
what astringent. Apples of a small size, if equal 
in quality, are always to be preferred for cider to 
those of a larger size, in order that the rind and 
kernels may bear the greatest proportion to the 
pulp, the latter of which affords the weakest and 
the most watery juice. 
The varieties selected and recommended by the 
Committee of the N. Y. State Agricultural Society, 
best adapted for domestic use and exportation, and 
suitable to be cultivated in the State of New York, 
are as follows :— 
SUMMER APPLES. 
Early Harvest, Early Strawberry, Large Yellow 
Bough, Early Joe, and Williams’ Favorite 
FALL APPLES. 
Fall Pippin, Golden Sweet, Gravenstein, Jersey 
Sweeting, Porter, Itambo, Detroit Red, and Belle- 
bonne. 
WINTER APPLES. 
Baldwin, Yellow Belle Fleur, Hubbardston 
Nonesuch, Jonathan, Newtown Pippin (green), 
Northern Spy, Blue Pearmain, Rhode Island Green¬ 
ing, American Golden Russet, Roxbury Russet, 
Swaar, Ladies’ Sweeting, Talman’s Sweeting, Eso- 
pus Spitzenburg, Vandervere, Waxen, and West- 
field Seek-no-further. 
The following are recommended by the Commit¬ 
tee of the Horticultural Society of Genesee Valley, 
N. Y., the names being placed in the order of 
ripening:—- 
SUMMER APPLES. 
Early Harvest, Early Strawberry, Red Astrachan, 
Sweet Bough, or Yellow Bough, and Golden Sweet. 
FALL APPLES. 
Early Joe, Porter, St. Lawrence, Jersey Sweet¬ 
ing, Gravenstein, Fall Jenneting, and Holland Pippin. 
WINTER APPLES. 
Twenty Ounce, Fameuse, Red Canada, Peck’s 
Pleasant, Yellow Belle Fleur, Swaar, Talman’s 
Sweeting, Rhode Island Greening, Esopus Spitzen¬ 
burg, Baldwin, Green Sweeting, Northern Spy, 
Roxbury Russet, and Yellow Newtown Pippin. 
The following list represents the kinds regarded 
in Massachusetts and New England generally, as 
well suited to a Northern climate ; they command a 
high price in Boston market:— 
SUMMER APPLES. 
Benoni, Bough, Early Harvest, Margaret (early 
red), and Williams’ Favorite. 
FALL APPLES. 
Gillyflower, Gravenstein, Hawthornden, Jersey 
Sweeting, Lyscorn, Minister, Summer Pearmain, 
and Porter. 
WINTER APPLES. 
Baldwin, Yellow Belle Fleur, Danvers Winter 
Sweeting, Rhode Island Greening, Ribstone Pippin, 
Roxbury Russet, Swaar, Talman’s Sweeting, Lady, 
and Canada Gray. 
The following named varieties we select from 
the catalogue of D. Landreth and Fulton, of Phila¬ 
delphia, which are believed to be eminently worthy 
of culture in that region :— 
SUMMER APPLES. 
Red Astrachan, Bevan, English Codlin, Early 
Queen, Early Harvest, Summer Queen, Lippincott, 
Siberian Crab, Woolman’s Harvest, Summer Pear¬ 
main, and Red Juneating. 
FALL APPLES. 
Alexander, Irish Codlin, White Codlin, Doctor, or 
Dewitt, Grindstone, Hawthornden, Maiden’s Blush, 
Morgan, Holland Pippin, Blenheim Pippin,Pound, 
Porter, Roman Stem, Rambo, and Vandervere. 
WINTER APPLES. 
Baldwin, Yellow Belle Fleur, Carthouse, Cum¬ 
berland Spice, Rhode Island Greening, Ladies’ 
Sweeting, Gates’, Harrison, Lady, or Pomme d’ Api, 
Talman’s Sweeting, Lady Finger, Blue Pearmain, 
Pennock’s Red, Bullock Pippin, Golden Pippin, 
American Pippin, Michael Henry Pippin, Ribstone 
Pippin, Hollow-cored Pippin, Newtown Pippin 
(green and yellow), Priestly, Roxbury Russet, 
Red Seek-no-further, Newtown Spitzenburg, Eso¬ 
pus Spitzenburg, Kaighn’s Spitzenburg, Moore’s 
Sweeting, Swaar, Tewkesbury Blush, Wine, or 
Hay’s, Winesap, Winter Queen, and Yorkshire 
Greening. 
Among the choice varieties which succeed well 
in Ohio, we select the following, hoping that some 
correspondent will soon furnish us with a more per¬ 
fect list:— 
All’s Russet, Yellow Belle Fleur, Cooper, Red 
Detroit, Putnam’s Russet, Philips’ Sweeting, New¬ 
town Spitzenburg, or Ox-eye, White Pippin, Wine- 
sap, and Vandervere. 
In the present and the succeeding numbers of the 
Agriculturist, we propose to give figures in out¬ 
line, furnished us principally by Mr. Starr, of the 
N. Y. Farmer and Mechanic, copied from Lan- 
dreth’s Dictionary of Gardening, with descriptions 
of some of the most prominent varieties of apples, 
which, we trust, will be acceptable to such of our 
