AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
and some 9 or 10 of muck and marl, scattered 
broad-cast over the field just previous to sow¬ 
ing. The ground is now worth 50 per cent, 
more than it was 4 years ago. 
It may not answer to turn up the soil to a 
much greater depth than usual at first, but a 
gradual deepening can be practised with advan¬ 
tage in almost all cases. I have heard some 
say that they plowed deep ; and when interro¬ 
gated how deep, would say 0 or 8 inches. 
When I plowed the above field the last time, 
the depth was twelve inches, followed by the 
sub-soil going some 6 or 10 inches deeper.— 
I. A. Clark, in Rural New-YorJcer. 
A Hint to Stock Growers. —If any thing 
like the present prices of live stock are main¬ 
tained for any considerable length of time, there 
will be a fine opportunity for somebody to make 
money, as somebody undoubtedly is doing al¬ 
ready. A gentleman in South Carolina, writing 
to pa>ties in New-Haven, throws a hint res 
pecting the manner in which it may be done, as 
follows: 
The steamers from Florida bring into Charles¬ 
ton a good many cattle, which are bought very 
low there. The beef is small, but, very fine and 
in good order. I should think a New-Havener 
could make a good business by going to Florida 
for cattle. It costs nothing to raise them there, 
except to keep them from straying away ; the 
prairies afford them food all the year. A low 
deck schooner of 150 tons, could bring near 70 
or 80 of them, at an expense of $9 to $10 each. 
When beef is worth 18 to 20 cents in New- 
York, I should think it would pay. The cattle 
can be bought in Florida, I believe, for $10 to 
$12 per head, and I suppose they will average 
500 or GOO lbs. each. Tens of thousands of 
barrels of Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina 
and North Carolina flour, have been shipped 
from Charleston this season, for Europe and 
New-York. The South can supply the North 
with immense quantities of flour, &c., when 
they turn in for it. They are beginning to raise 
it/or the North and for Europe. 
Soaked Corn for Horses. —One of the most 
successful and judicious farmers in the vicinity 
of Baltimore, effects a saving of from one-third 
to one-half of his corn, by soaking it thoroughly 
before feeding. His method is this: Two empty 
vessels, hogsheads, or something similar, are 
placed in his cellar where there is no danger 
from frost, and filled to the chime, with ears of 
corn. He then pours in water till the recepta¬ 
cles are filled. When well soaked, the corn is 
fed to the horses, and when the contents of one 
cask are consumed, it is again filled, and the 
animals fed from the other. Even cobs, soaked 
in a similar manner, but in pickle instead of 
pure water, are eagerly devoured by cows, es¬ 
pecially if the usual allowance of salt is with¬ 
held. The corn cob contains a large quantity 
of nutriment, and is by far too valuable to be 
thrown away .—Germantown Telegraph. 
CLAIMS OF AGRICULTURAL PATENTS, 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING JUNE 13, 1854. 
Grain Winnowers —Joseph Bone, of War- 
renton, O.: I do not claim the mere separation 
of grain into several grades according to speci¬ 
fic gravity, by the action of tbe suction fan and 
the arrangement of a single set of tubes, as such 
is well known. 
But I claim arranging and connecting a 
series of two or more sets of separating pas¬ 
sages, as set forth, so that the grain may be 
carried through the entire series of separating 
passages as often as required by the operator for 
thoroughly cleaning and separating the same. 
Drying Grain. —S. B. Robinson, of Oswego, 
N. Y.: I claim a trough or cylinder with a per¬ 
forated bottom provided with a conveyor or 
stirrer, in combination with a blast of heated 
air forced through the perforated bottom men¬ 
tioned, constructed and arranged as described. 
To Horticulturists. —Our weekly issue of 
so large a journal, gives us ample room to devote 
to the different departments of cultivation, and 
we have commenced with this volume, to allot a 
separate space to Horticulture. We have secured 
additional efficient aid in its conduction, and we 
invite horticulturists generally, to send in their 
contributions on all subjects interesting and in- 
s motive to those engaged in similar pursuits 
v\ ith themselves. We are receiving the leading 
foreign and domestic horticultural journals, and 
shall be abundantly able to bring promptly be¬ 
fore our readers all that transpires, which may 
be new and useful. 
- 1 - 
HINTS FOR THE GARDEN. 
Let the spaces between growing plants or 
vegetables, be thoroughly broken up and pul¬ 
verized, and they will not be liable to bake so 
hard again during the season. We have been 
surprised at the success of an intelligent ama¬ 
teur near this city, in hastening forward his 
plants, simply by raking the soil deep every 
day or two, and thus keeping it very light. He 
remarked that it proved every way superior to 
mulching. 
Let all plants be fearlessly thinned out. Few 
do this sufficiently early. It is impossible to 
raise fine flowers, fruits or vegetables, if the 
plants are crowded. We often see good gardens 
ruined by the disinclination to pull up and 
throw away strong, valuable plants, when grow¬ 
ing too thickly. 
Put raspberries and blackberries in the best 
possible condition for bearing, by loosening the 
soil without disturbing the roots ; an occasional 
watering with soap-suds from the wash, is ex¬ 
cellent for most plants. It is not yet too late 
to set out celery for winter. Be sure to give it 
the best cultivation, for it will well reward your 
labor. 
Pinch back the leading shoots of melons, cu¬ 
cumbers and tomatoes, if it is desired to have 
them produce abundantly, otherwise they will 
be in danger of running too much to vines. 
Most of the products are on the side shoots, as 
will be seen by a little observation. 
If grape leaves are troubled with the slug 
worm, syringe or shower them freely with soap 
suds. If black ants infest the garden, pour 
boiling water on their nests, and drop bits of 
camphor gum in their paths. If the snail slug 
covers the garden, line their course with salt, 
being careful that the salt does not come in con¬ 
tact with and kill plants. If the worm gnaws 
the young peach tree, pour upon him boiling 
water, and surround the trunk of the tree with 
lime and ashes. 
If the gooseberry exhibits symptoms of mil¬ 
dew, shower with soap-suds and mulch with 
salt hay, or fresh hay sprinkled with salt water 
or brine. 
Horticultural Productions at the South.— 
Mr. Peabody, in his address before one of the 
Georgia Horticultural Societies, says : 
Here we may have two or three crops of Irish 
potatoes; two or three crops of green corn ; 
English peas in the spring and fall; cabbages 
of the finest quality the year round; cauli¬ 
flowers and brocoli in the spring and winter: 
onions and leeks perpetually ; turnips and celery 
almost continually, and every thing else in their 
season, in the greatest perfection and abundance. 
No intelligent house-wife in our favored land, 
need be without a variety of choice vegetables 
upon her table each day in the year, and I am 
gratified to see the evidences of this fact exhi¬ 
bited here at this festival. 
- e - 
H0RTICULURE IN HAW An. 
The following excellent remarks are taken 
from a report by Mr. J ohn Montgomery, recorded 
in the transactions of the Royal Hawaiian Agri¬ 
cultural Society, which we reviewed at page 
217. 
There is not, in the whole range of our vari¬ 
ous pursuits and occupations, one fancy, one 
vocation, so unalloyed, in all its delightful and 
fascinating phases, as the cultivation of a gar¬ 
den. The enjoyment and gratification afforded 
by all other pursuits are to be found in practical 
horticulture, and still a balance in its favor over 
them all combined. The florist unites in his 
collection of flowers, as many fancies as would 
occupy a large proportion of the community, 
and extracts gratification and pleasure from 
each and all of them. The fortunate possessor 
of one of the invaluable works of the old mas¬ 
ters does not rejoice over his Reubens, Rafael 
or Paul Potter, with more ecstacy than does the 
florist over his Tulip or Carnation bed, nor does 
the owner of a superb picture gallery more 
proudly point to his choicest gems of art than 
does the florist his choice flower beds. The 
Conchologist may boast of his collection of rare 
and beautiful shells, perhaps excelling in variety 
and rarity, those of all his neighbors, but he is 
compelled to see them in their wondrous same¬ 
ness—there they lie, an inanimate mass with¬ 
out change or variety; and how few persons 
are competent to judge of or derive gratifica¬ 
tion from them. Whilst the flower garden is 
one constant scene of variety, every succeeding 
morning developing some new beauty, in the 
freshly expanded petals of some charming and 
fragrant flower; the musty antiquarian sits in 
his gloomy and solitary chamber, poring over 
his collection of ancient coins and other melan¬ 
choly relics of past ages from which no inge¬ 
nuity can extract one cheering idea. He cannot, 
if he would, give a seed or a cutting to a fellow 
admirer; whilst the florist can share his plea¬ 
sure with a friend, and still have his treasure 
undiminished. The lover of a garden is a col¬ 
lector and propagator of new and never chang¬ 
ing delights. The intense anxiety with which 
he watches the germination of a new or choice 
seed and the progress of a young plant to ma¬ 
turity, in the opening of the first flower, is a 
pleasurable sensation unknown to other pursuits, 
and if the newly-developed blossom should sur¬ 
pass in beauty or fragrance his previous collec¬ 
tion, his hopes are consummated and his plea¬ 
sure complete. The horticulturist does not visit 
his collection to find them precisely as they pre¬ 
sented themselves on his previous visit. He 
finds something new every day; whilst the 
possessor of a picture, valuable coin, or even a 
collection of natural history, is doomed to view 
them constantly in precisely the same aspect, 
without variety. The gardener is amply repaid 
for all toil and exertion, by his fruits, flowers 
and vegetables, and he is not obliged to search 
for a connoisseur to share his pleasures, as every 
body can appreciate the delight of a flower and 
fruit garden. Another advantage which a hor¬ 
ticulturist possesses over all other pursuits, is, 
that it is within the reach of all—the humblest 
cottager can cultivate his little patch—the citi¬ 
zen can have his blooming flower pots as easily 
as the peer can rejoice on his Chatsworth or 
Eaton Hall. 
-« O •-— 
If you would have a good servant, serve 
yourself. 
