14 
STIRRING THE SOIL. [chap. i. 
ridging; forming pits for planting trees and 
shrubs, or for filling with choice soil for 
sowing seeds; and taking up plants when 
they are to be removed. 
In simple digging, as well as in most of 
the other kinds, it is customary to divide the 
bed to be dug, by a garden-line, into two 
parts: a trench, or furrow as it is called, is 
then opened across one of these divisions or 
half of the bed, the earth out of which is 
thrown up into a heap. The digging then 
commences by turning over a breadth of soil 
into the furrow thus made, and thus forming 
a new furrow to be filled up by the soil turned 
over from the breadth beyond it; and this is 
continued till the operator reaches the end 
of the first division, where the furrow is to 
be filled with the earth taken from the first 
furrow of the second division; after which 
the digging proceeds regularly as before, till 
the operator reaches the last furrow, which is 
filled with the ridge of earth thrown up when 
the first furrow was made. As few ladies are 
strong enough to throw the earth from the 
heap where it was laid from the first furrow 
to fill the last, the best way is to put it into 
