94 
GRAFTING. 
[chap. IV. 
Grafting differs from budding in its being 
the transfer of a shoot with several buds on 
it, from one tree to another, instead of only 
a single bud; and as budding has been com¬ 
pared to sowing seeds, so has grafting to 
making cuttings. The art of grafting consists 
in bringing two portions of growing shoots 
together, so that the liber, or soft wood of two 
may unite and grow together; and the same 
general principles apply to it as to budding. 
There are above fifty modes of grafting de¬ 
scribed in books, but only three or four are 
in common use. 
In all kinds of grafting the shoot to be 
transferred is called the scion, and the tree 
that is to receive it is called the stock; and 
it is always desirable, not only that the kinds 
to be united should be of the same genus, or 
at least of the same natural family, but that 
they should agree as closely as possible in 
their time of leafing, in the duration of their 
leaves, and in their habits of growth. This 
is conformable to common sense; as it is 
quite obvious that unless the root send up a 
supply of sap at the time the leaves want it, 
and only then, the graft must suffer either 
