chap, vii.] STANDARD FRUIT-TREES. 217 
zontally, and supported by stakes placed at 
a regular distance in a circle round the tree. 
In short, there are no limits to fancy in this 
respect The trees generally grown in gar¬ 
dens as dwarf standards are apples, pears, 
and morello cherries. The other kinds of 
cherries may also be grown in this manner; 
but they are generally grown as tall stand¬ 
ards in a detached orchard near the kitchen- 
garden, or adjoining the pleasure-grounds. 
The common kinds of plums and damsons 
are also grown as tall trees in the same man¬ 
ner, as are the kitchen and keeping apples. 
Mulberry-trees are generally planted on the 
lawn, as well for the picturesque form of the 
tree, as for the convenience of the fruit, 
which drops as soon as it is ripe, and is 
spoiled if it falls on dry earth or gravel. 
Sweet chesnuts are grown in the park or 
pleasure-grounds among other trees; and 
walnuts in similar situations, or in a back- 
court, or stable-yard, for the convenience of 
their shade. Filberts and hazels are gene¬ 
rally planted on each side of a walk in the 
garden or pleasure-ground, which they are 
trained over; and barberries and elderberries 
