chap, vii.] THE FILBERT, 
235 
hazel are indeed divided into two classes: 
those with long husks which are called the 
filberts; and those with short husks which 
are called the nuts. All the varieties grow r 
best in calcareous soils* like those of Kent; 
in which county the best nuts grown in 
England are raised. When either filberts or 
nuts are grown in gardens they are generally 
planted in rows from five feet to tell feet 
apart from each other in the row* according 
as they are wanted to grow high* or to 
spread. Filberts are generally propagated 
by sowing the seeds* and nuts by suckers* 
which the trees throw up in abundance. 
“ The principal art in the culture of the 
filbert as a fruit-tree*” says Mr. Loudon in 
his Arboretum Britannicum, “ consists in 
training and pruning it properly* as the 
blossom is* produced upon the sides and 
extremities of the upper young branches* 
and from small young shoots which proceed 
from the bases of side branches* cut off the 
preceding year. The tree requires to be 
kept remarkably open* in order that the 
main branches may produce young wood 
throughout the whole of their length. In the 
