236 THE KITCHEN-GARDEN, [chap.vii. 
filbert orchards about Maidstone* the trees 
are trained with short stems like gooseberry- 
bushes* and are formed into the shape of a 
punch-bowl* exceedingly thin of wood.” 
When the trees are pruned* care is taken to 
eradicate all the suckers. Filberts are always 
kept in their husks* and if they lose their 
colour and appear black or mouldy* their 
appearance is renovated by the dealers* by 
putting them into iron trays pierced with 
holes* and gently shaking them over a chafing- 
dish full of charcoal* on which a little pow¬ 
dered sulphur has been thrown while the 
charcoal was red-hot. 
The Constantinople nut * or Colurna hazel* is 
a large handsome tree* and the American 
hazels are shrubs grown occasionally in 
plantations* but not cultivated in England 
for their fruit. 
The almond is in fact a peach-tree* with a 
fruit having a leathery pericardium instead 
of a fleshy one; and what are called almonds 
are the kernels of the stones of this fruit. 
The bitter and sweet almonds are varieties 
of the same species; and there are several 
other varieties differing principally in the 
