GALLERY.] NATURAL HISTORY. 59 
called asbestine , many of which pass into some of the varieties of horn¬ 
blende ; others, both asbest and amianth, are modifications of the state 
of aggregation of different amphibolic substances, and to these Brei- 
thaupt also refers his kymatine, metaxite, peponite, and pycnotrope. 
Among them may be observed specimens illustrative of the transition 
from a very close to a loose-fibrous structure ;—several varieties of the 
flexible asbest or amianth , with some antique incombustible cloth, 
paper, &c., made of it;—the varieties called common and schiller- 
asbest, mountain wood, mountain cork, or nectic asbest, &c., separate, 
and in combination with other substances;—the blue and yellow asbest 
from South Africa, for the former of which the name of krokydolite has 
been proposed; and which, if the analysis given of it be correct, is re¬ 
ferable to the silicates of iron. The remainder of this Case and part of 
the next contain pyroxenic minerals:— augite, in separate crystals, and 
embedded in lava from Vesuvius, together with groups of well-defined 
crystals from Arendal in Norway, where this substance occurs in primitive 
rocks;—the jeffersonite ;—the granular variety called coccolite ;—the 
hypersthene and paulite (Labrador hornblende of Werner);—the va¬ 
rieties of diopside, at first considered as distinct species, including the 
mussite and alalite from Piedmont;—the sahlite or malacolite, to which 
also belongs the baikalite , of which a few fine specimens are here de¬ 
posited ; the pyrgome or fassaite, and the achmite. 
Case 35. Among its contents may be particularized the mineral sub¬ 
stances which have been described under the appellations of thallite, 
arendalite, acanticone, delphinite, &c. ; most of these are Werner’s pis- 
tacite and are now more generally designated by the name of epidote , 
given to them by Haiiy. To this also belongs the manganesiferous epi¬ 
dote , considered by some as an ore of manganese.— Cummingtonite .—- 
Zoisite _Among the specimens of idocrase (vesuvian of Werner), the 
more conspicuous are the large beautiful crystals (the unibinaire of 
Haiiy), discovered by Laxmann on the banks of the Vilui in Kamschatka, 
embedded in a steatitic rock; those from Vesuvius, where this substance 
occurs accompanied by other volcanic ejections, have, in Italy, obtained 
the name of Vesuvian gems, hyacinths, and chrysolites; the varieties 
called egerane , loboite ; and that from Tellemarken in Norway, coloured 
blue by oxide of copper, and known by the name of cyprine. 
Case 36. The greater part of this Case is appropriated to the various 
species and varieties of the garnet tribe, formerly divided into noble and 
common garnets. Among the more distinct chemical species now esta¬ 
blished are:—the chrome-garnets, to which belongs the pyropej —the 
lime-garnets, comprising chiefly the melanite from the vicinity of Frascati, 
and some brownish-black varieties, the colophonite , bearing a distant re¬ 
semblance to rosin, from Norway and North America ; the grossular or 
Wilui garnet, a fine light-green species from Kamschatka, so called 
from the fancied resemblance which its separate crystals bear to a goose¬ 
berry ; the allochroite , also called splintery garnet, from Norway ; the 
romanzovite; the essonite ( hessonite ) or cinnamon-stone, chiefly from 
Ceylon, which was supposed to contain zirconia, till a more accurate 
analysis proved it to be nearly allied to vesuvian and garnet: most of 
the hyacinths of commerce are cinnamon-stone. In this Case are also 
deposited—the gehlenite , from the Monzoni in Tyrol, to which species 
the melilite from Capo di Bove, near Rome, is referred by some mi¬ 
neralogists ;—-the iolite or pelioma, now generally called dichroite (from 
