64 
NATURAL HISTORY. 
[north 
— Carbonate of iron, or iron-spar , crystallized, fibrous, massive, and bo- 
tryoidal ( sphcerosiderite of Hausmann).— Carbonate of manganese, or 
manganese spar , crystallized and in globular and botryoidal shapes of 
various shades of rose colour, on sulphuret of manganese, &c. 
Case 49. One half of this glass Case is occupied by the several 
varieties of carbonate of zinc , or zinh-spar , (also called calamine , in 
common with the silicate of zinc or smithsonite in Case 26,) crystallized, 
botryoidal, and in other forms, among which are the pseudomorphous 
crystals, derived from modifications of carbonate of lime.—The other 
half contains the carbonates of leaf lead-spar, or white lead ore , among 
which are the delicately acicular varieties from the Hartz, and from 
Cornwall, accompanied and partly coloured by green carbonate of cop¬ 
per ; the crystallized varieties from Siberia, Mies in Bohemia, &c.;— 
the pulverulent variety, &c. 
Case 50. In this and the following Case are deposited the car¬ 
bonates of copper, viz. the blue copper , or copper-azure , the more re¬ 
markable varieties of which are those from Chessy, and from the Ban- 
nat, combined with various substances;—the earthy varieties, some of 
which have been used as pigment sold under the name of mountain- 
blue ;—those crystallized varieties which, passing from the state of blue 
into that of green carbonate, have, by Haiiy, been called cuivre car- 
bnoate epigene. 
Case 51. The green carbonates of copper, among which may be 
specified the fine and rare varieties of fibrous malachite , in acicular crystals, 
and massive with fibrous structure and velvety appearance, accompanied 
by carbonate of lead, &c. ; and, among the specimens of compact mala¬ 
chite, those characteristic and splendid ones from the Gurnashevsk and 
Turja mines, in the Uralian mountains;— carbonate of cerium, also 
called carbocerite, as coating on cerite, from Bastnas, Sweden; — car¬ 
bonate of bismuth , ( bismuthite of Brithaupts,) from the principality of 
Reuss. 
Case 52. Besides the nitrates, (such as the nitrate of potassa, na¬ 
tive nitre or saltpetre, found as efflorescence, mixed with other salts, 
and as crystalline crusts, from Pulo di Molfetta in Apulia, from near 
Burgos in Spain, &c. ; nitrate of soda , fyc. ,•) this case contains part 
of the sulphates ;— sulphate of soda, or glauber salt; — thenardite, an 
anhydrous sulphate of soda, found in crystalline crusts, at the bottom of 
the briny waters at the Salines d’Espartines, five miles from Madrid ;— 
glauberite, a mineral composed of the anhydrous sulphates of soda and 
of lime, from the salt mines of Villarubia and Aranjuez in Spain, em¬ 
bedded in salt and clay. The rest of this, with half of the next case, 
is occupied by sulphates of baryta and baroselenite, denominated 
also heavy-spar, among which may be specified the splendid groups 
of straight-lamellar crystallized heavy-spar, especially those from 
Schemnitz in Hungary, and Clausthal in the Hartz, Traversella in 
Piedmont, the large very perfect crystals from Dufton, Cumberland, 
&c.; the curved-lamella varieties; the columnar, resembling car¬ 
bonate of lead; the radiated, to which belongs the Bolognese spar, 
from Monte Paterno, near Bologna, from Bavaria, &c. ; the beautiful 
variety called ketten-spath, or chain-spar, from the Hartz; the fibrous 
and tne granular varieties; the compact, called barytic or ponderous 
marble, &c. ; fetid baroselenite or hepatite, an intimate mixture of sul- 
