1861 .] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
93 
Homes for the Industrious ! 
- IN TIIE -- 
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—WATCP 3 
THE ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD CO., HAVE FOR SALE 
1,200,000 ACRES OF RICH FARMING LANDS, 
Iu Tracts of Forty Acres and upward, on Long Credit and at Low Prices. 
MECHANICS, FARMERS & WORKING MEN. 
T HE attention of the enterprising and industrious por¬ 
tion of the community is directed to the following 
statements and liberal inducements offered them by the 
ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD COMPANY. 
which, as they will perceive, will enable them, by 
proper energy, perseverance and industry, to provide 
comfortable homes for themselves and families, with 
comparatively speaking, very little capital. 
LANDS OF ILLINOIS. 
No State in the Valley of the Mississippi offers so great 
an inducement to the settler as the State of Illinois. 
Thero is no portion of tho world where all the condi¬ 
tions of climato and soil so admirably combine to pro¬ 
duce thoso two great staples, Corn and 'Wheat, as the 
Prairies of Illinois. 
THE SOUTHERN PART 
Of the State lies within the zone of the Cotton regions, 
while tho soil is admirably adapted to the growth of 
Tobacco and Hemp, and the Wheat is worth from 15 to 
20 cts. moro per bushol than that raised further north. 
RICH ROLLING PRAIRIE LANDS. 
The deep rich loam of the prairies is cultivated with 
such wonderful facility that the farmers of tho Eastern 
and Middle States are moving to Illinois in great num¬ 
bers. The urea of Illinois is about equal to that of En¬ 
gland, and the soil is so rich that it will support twenty 
millions of people. 
EASTERN AND SOUTHERN MARKETS. 
These lands are contiguous to a railroad 700 miles 
in length, which connects with other roads and naviga¬ 
ble lakes and rivers, thus affording an unbroken com¬ 
munication with the Eastern and Southern markets. 
APPLICATION OF CAPITAL. 
Thus far, capital and labor have been applied to de¬ 
veloping tho soil; tho great resources of tho State in 
coal and iron are almost untouched. The invariable rule 
that the mechanic arts flourish best where food and fuel 
are cheapest, will follow at an early day in Illinois, and 
in the course of the next ten years tho natural laws and 
necessities of the case warrant the belief that at least 
five hundred thousand people will ho engaged in the 
State of Illinois in various manufacturing employ¬ 
ments, 
RAILROAD SYSTEM OF ILLINOIS. 
Over $100,000,000 of private capital have been ex¬ 
pended on tho railroad system of Illinois. Inasmuch as 
part of tho income from several of these works, with 
a valuable public fund in lands, go to diminish tho State 
expenses ; the taxes are light, and must consequently 
every day decrease. 
THE STATE DEBT. 
The Stale debt is only $10,105,398 14, and within the 
last three years has been reduced $2,959,746 80, and we 
may reasonably expect that in ten years it mil become ex¬ 
tinct. 
PRESENT POPULATION. 
The State is rapidly filing up with population ; 868, 
025 persons having been added since 1850, making the 
present population 1,723,663, a ratio of 102 per cent, in 
ten years. 
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. 
Tho Agricultural Products of Illinois are greater than 
those of any other State. The products sent out during 
the past year exceeded 1,500,000 tons. The wheat crop 
of 1860 approaches 35,000,000 bushels, while the corn 
crop yields not less than 140,000,000 bushels. 
FERTILITY OF THE SOIL. 
Nowhere can the industrious farmer secure such im¬ 
mediate results for his labor as upon these prairie soils, 
they being composed of a deep rich loam, the fertility 
of which, is unsurpassed by any on tho globe. 
TO ACTUAL CULTIVATORS. 
Since 1854, the Company have sold 1,300,000 acres. 
They sell only to actual cultivators, and every contract 
contains an agreement to cultivate. The road has been 
constructed through these lands at an expense of $30,000, 
000. In 1850 the population of forty-nine counties, 
through which it passes, was only 335,598 since which 479, 
293 have been added; making the whole population S14, 
891 , a gain of 143 per cent. 
EVIDENCES OF PROSPERITY. 
As an evidence of the thrift of the people, it may be 
stated that 600,000 tons of freight, including 8,600,000 
bushels of grain, and 250,000 barrels of flour were for¬ 
warded over the lino last year. 
EDUCATION. 
Mechanics and workingmen will find the free school 
system encouraged by the State and endowed with a 
largo revenuo for the support of schools. Their chil¬ 
dren can live in sight of the church and schooihouses, 
and grow up with the prosperity of the leading Stato in 
tho Great 'Western Empire. 
PRICES AND TERMS OF PAYMENT. 
Tho prices of these lands vary from $6 to $25 per 
acre, according to location, quality, &c. First class 
farmlug lands sell for about $10 to $12 per acre ; and 
tho relative expense of subduing prairie land as com¬ 
pared with wood land is in the ratio of 1 to 10 in favor 
of the former, the terms of sale for the bulk of these 
iands will he 
ONE YEAR’S INTEREST IN ADVANCE, 
at six per cent, per annum, and six interest notes at six 
per cent., payable respectively in one, two, three, four, 
five and six years from date of sale ; and four notes 
for principal, payable in four, five, six and seven years 
from date of sale ; tho contract stipulating that one-tenth 
of the tract purchased shall be fenced and cultivated, 
each and every year, for five years from date of sale, 
so that at the end of five years one-half shall he fenced 
and under cultivation. 
TWENTY PER CENT. WILL BE DEDUCTED 
from the valuation for cash, except the same should he 
at six dollars per afro, when the cash price will be five 
dollars. 
Pamphlets descriptive of the lands, soil, climate, productions, prices, and terms of payment, can he had 
on application to „ „ 
J-. -w. FOSTER, Land Commissioner, 
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. 
For the names of tUo Towns, Villages, and Cities situated upon tl»e 1111- 
nois Cent* see pages 188, 189 «fc ll>0, APl'I/ETON’S RAI1WAV GUIDE. 
FLOWER SEEDS. FLOWER SEEDS. 
After cultivating over one thousand varieties of Flower 
Seeds, I have selected about, one hundred kinds of the most 
hardy, showy, and attractive, of which I will furnish, neatly 
put up, any 33 kinds on the list for $1, and send by mail with 
postage prepaid. Send for a Catalogue. 
G. II. UARRETSON, Flushing, N. T. 
GanSen Seeds. Garden Seeds. 
The subscriber is extensively engaged in raising all kinds 
of Garden Soeds, having nearly 100 acres under cultivation 
for that purpose. They can he furnished in any quantity, and 
of the choicest quality. A new retail Catalogue at greatly 
reduced prices, and containing directions for cultivation, is 
just published, and will he sent to all applicants. 
G. It. GARRETSCN, Flushing, N. T. 
TO TREE PLANTERS. 
PARSONS & CO. 
Offer their fine stock of 
FRUIT TREES 
of as good quality as can be elsewhere procured, and at low 
Apple Treks... .$14 per 100. 
Cherry Trees.16 
Plum Trees. 32 
Dwakf Peaks.25 
Standard Pears. .30 
Delaware Grape Vines.50 
The other 
FOREIGN AND NATIVE GRAPES 
at moderate rates. 
DWARF PEACH TREES 
pruned for immediate bearing in Pots, and in the open 
ground, at low rates. 
Versailles and other Currants in quantity, ns well as 
Blackberries, Raspberries, Strawberries, and Goose¬ 
berries. 
Pear Stocks and Cheery Stocks of fine quality. 
For Catalogues apply at No. 3 Nassau-st., New-York, or by 
mail to PARSONS & CO., 
Flushing, near New-York. 
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, 
For Spring of 1861. , 
ELLWAKGER A HARRY 
solicit the attention of Planters, Nurserymen, Dealers and 
others, to their large and fine stock which they now offer 
at wholesale and retail, at low prices. It embraces 
STANDARD FRUIT TREES, for Orchards. 
DWARF FRUIT TREES, for Gardens. 
DWARF MAIDEN TREES, (yearlings.) for Orchard house 
culture, of all the finest varieties. Selections made by E. & 
B, for that purpose. 
HARDY GRAPES, New' and Old. 
FOREIGN GRAPES, for Vineries, all the best, 
STRAAVBERRIES, 50 varieties, the best. Native and Foreign. 
BLACKBERRIES, New Rochelle and Dorchester. 
RASPBERRIES, all of the most popular varieties, includ¬ 
ing six of the host Autumnal hearing sorts. 
GOOSEBERRIES, American and English. 
CURRANTS, twenty best varieties. 
FILBERTS, CHESTNUTS, WALNUTS, and FIGS. 
RHUBARB, Myatt’s Linmeus and other fine sorts. 
ORNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT. 
The Stock in this department is the largest and best we 
have ever before offered, and embraces everything desirable, 
new and old, among 
DECIDUOUS ORNAMENTAL TREES, 
EVERGREEN TREES, | PEONIES, 
FLOWERING SHRUBS, DAHLIAS, 
ROSES, I PHLOXES, 
BORDER PLANTS. 
BULBOUS ROOTS, Summer and Autumn Flowering, in¬ 
cluding Amaryllis, Gladiolus, Tuberose. Tigridia, Tritonia 
Aurea, Coicliicum, Japan Lilies, the finest new varieties, and 
all the other desirable species. 
GREEN-HOUSE AND BEDDING-OUT PLANTS, of all 
the popular classes, grow r n extensively and sold cheep. 
SUPERB NEW PETUNIAS. 
Twelve new- varieties of Petunias, which we think superior 
to any in cultivation, w'ill he ready to go out Mav 1st.—$4 for 
the 12—names and descriptions furnished on application. 
STOCKS E0R NURSERYMEN. 
PEAK SEEDLINGS, our own growth, 1 and 2 years. 
For lull and detailed information respecting the stock, 
prices, terms, &c., we refer to the following Catalogues 
which will be sent gratis, pre-paid, to all who inclose one 
stamp for each. 
No. 1.—Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits. 
No. 2.—Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, 
Roses, & 0 , &c. 
No. 3.—Descriptive Catalogue of Dahlias, Green-House and 
Bedding Plants, &c. 
No. 4.—Wholesale Catalogue for Nurseiymen, Dealers and 
others, who purchase in large quantities. 
ELLW ANGER & BARRY, 
Mount Hope Nurseries, Rochester, N. Y. 
VERGREEN NURSERY. 4g& 
Woodbury, New-Jersev, 
DAVID ,1. GRISCOM, Proprietor. 
t®”The attention of persons stocking or replenishing nur¬ 
series, or having extensive grounds to improve, is particular¬ 
ly invited. 
1 4k4 W | Extra No. 1 Peach Trees at a 
-* great bargain to clear a piece of 
ground. Send for a circular. WM. DAY, Morristown, N. J. 
OR SALE. — LARGE STANDARD PEAR 
Trees of the choicest varieties; also, Plum, Cherry, and 
Apple Trees, and many kinds of Shrubbery, &c., &c.; at our 
Nurseries in Tioga, Tioga Co., Pennsylvania. 
Tioga, Sept, 26, 1860. WICKHAM & BLOODGOOD. 
son non AMERICAN ARBOR VIT^® 
6 to 12 inch.-high, for sale at $4 
per thousand, by ALBION P. CHAPMAN, Portland Maine. 
ORNAMENTAL PLANTING 
will commence this month. 
PARSONS & CO. 
are prepared with every variety generally required, whether 
for 
THE GARDEN, THE LAWN, OR THE AVENUE. 
Our Street Tubes are of very fine size and quality, and 
our Shrubs embrace all the novelties, as well as those need¬ 
ed in quantity for massing. 
Among the Evergreens we now cultivate 32 varieties ot 
Spruce, 30 of Pine, 21 of Fir, 41 of Juniper, 24 of Yews, 20 o! 
Arbor Vitae; 64 of Rhododendron, besides a smaller number 
of species of many other genera, amounting in ail to 274 var¬ 
ieties. 
In our Greenhouses is a large stock, embracing the new 
and rare Foliaof.d Plants as well as an extensive assort¬ 
ment of the 
NEW BEDDING PLANTS. 
For Catalogues apply to ns at 
FLUSHING, near New-York. 
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