186 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[June, 
Tlie following sent in correct answers up to the 
elate of May 15 : 
Frank L. Strong, 8; Joseph B. Lewis, 8; Christopher 
Seymour, 9 ; John B. Newell, 9 ; A. D. Nelf, jr , 9 ; Sarah 
Nicholl, 8 ; M. B. Eshleman, 8 ; Wm, A. Hoyt, 9,. (always 
send an answer with a problem offered for publication) ; 
Delia S. Mitchell, 10 ; Frank Fancher, 11, (you deserve 
much credit for solving so difficult an enigma); Lyman 
Eddy Rockwell, 9 ; C. L. Sievvers and A. C. Siewers, 8, 
9, (keep on thinking) ; Snowden B. Cookings, 3, (name 
overlooked) ; Rufus W. Weekes, 9, 10, 11, (8 almost); F. 
A. Sanders, 9; B. Sullivan, 9; James S. Cooley, 11; 
Carcline, 10 ; Robert M. Hasbrouck, jr., 9. 
Explanation of ILatiii Plirases in Com- 
mon Use. 
There are many very expressive phrases in foreign 
languages which are often used by English writers. 
As a rule we would discourage their introduction in¬ 
to common writing, though they are pleasing to one 
able to appreciate their full force. But as they will doubt¬ 
less continue long in use, we have thought it worth while 
to throw several of them together here, and give the ex¬ 
planation, that our readers may have them at hand for 
reference. The following are all from the Latin, which 
was the ancient Roman Language. 
Ab Initio. From the beginning. 
Ab uno disce omnes. From a single instance you may 
infer the whole. 
Ad captandum vulgus. To catch the rabble. 
Ad infinitum. To infinity. 
A fortiori. With stronger reason. 
Alias. Otherwise ; as, Allan alias Thompson. 
Alibi. Elsewhere. 
Alma mater. A benign mother ; applied generally to the 
university. 
A mensa et thoro. Divorced from bed and board. 
Anno Mundi (a.m.) In the year of the world. 
A priori. From the cause to the effect. 
Argumentum ad liominem. An argument to the man. 
Audi alteram partem. Hear the other party. 
Aut Caesar aut nullus. He will either be Caesar or no¬ 
body. 
Bona fide. In good faith ; in reality. 
Casus belli. The cause or reason for war. 
Caput mortuum. The worthless remains. 
Cedant arma logos. Let arms yield to eloquence. 
Compos mentis. In a state of sound mind. 
Cui bono ? To what good. 
Data. Things given or granted. 
I)e facto—de jure. From the fact—from the law. 
Delenda est Carthago. Carthage must be destroyed. 
De mortuis nil nisi bonum. Let nothing be said of the 
dead but what is favorable. 
Deo volente. With God’s will. 
Desideratum. The thing desired. 
Dulce et decorum, est pro patria mori. It is sweet and 
glorious to die for one’s country. 
Dum vivimus vivamus. Let us live, while we live. 
Esto perpetua. Be thou perpetual. 
Ex cathedra. From the chair ; authoritatively. 
Ex nihilo nihil fit. Nothing produces nothing. 
Ex officio. By virtue of office. 
Ex parte. On one part. 
Extempore. Without premediation. 
Fac simile. Do the like ; an exact resemblance. 
Fama semper viret. A good name will shine for ever. 
Fas est et ab hoste doceri. It is allowable to derive in¬ 
struction even from an enemy. 
Felo de se. A suicide. 
Fiat justitia, ruat coslum. Let justice be done, though 
the heavens should fall. 
Fruges consumere nati. Men born only to consume food. 
Hinc illce lachrymal. Hence proceed these tears. 
Id est (i. e.) That is. 
Id genus omne. All persons of that description. 
Impromptu. Without study. 
In propria persona. In person. 
In re. In matter of. 
In terrorem. In terror. 
In transitu. In passing. 
Jure divino. By divine fight. 
Labor omnia vincil. Labor conquers every thing. 
Lapsus Ungues. A slip of the tongue. 
Lex talionis. The Law of retaliation. 
Locum tenens. A deputy or substitute. 
Magna est veritas, et prasvalebit. The truth is powerful 
and will ultimately prevail. 
Memento mori. Remember death. 
Mirabile dictu. Wonderful to tell. 
Multum in parvo. Much in little. 
Mutatis mutandis. After making the necessary changes. 
Necessitas non habet leges. Necessity has no law. 
Nem. con. An abbreviation of nemine contradicente. 
That is, without dissent or opposition. 
Ne plus ultra. Nothing beyond—the utmost point. 
Nota Bene (N. B.) Mark well. 
Obiter dictum. A thing said by the way, or in passing. 
O temporal O mores ! Oli the times, oh the manners. 
Otium cum dignitate. Ease with dignity. 
Pari passu By a similar gradation. 
Par nobile fratrum. A noble pair of brothers. 
Particeps criminis. An accomplice. 
Passim. Everywhere. 
Per fas et nefas. Through right and wrong. 
Per se. By itself. 
Poeta nascitur non fit. Nature, not study, must form a 
poet. 
Prima facie. On the first view, or appearance. 
Prima: vim. The first passages ; the upper part of the 
intestinal canal. 
Primum mobile. The main spring; the first impulse. 
Principiis obsta. Oppose the first appearance of evil. 
Pro aris et focis. For our altars and firesides. 
Pro bono publico. For the public good. 
Pro et con. For and against. 
Pro tempore. For the time. 
Quid nunc ? What now ?—applied to a news-hunter, 
Quid pro quo. What for what ; tit for tat. 
Quot erat demonstrandum. Which was meant to be 
shown. 
Requiescat in pace. May he rest in peace. 
Respice finem. Look to the end. 
Seriatim. In order. 
Sic itur ad astra. Such is the way to immortality. 
Sic passim. So everywhere. 
Sic transit gloria mundi. Thus the glory of the world 
passes away. 
Sine die. To an indefinite time. 
Sine qua non. An indispensable condition. 
Status quo ante helium. The state in which both parties 
were before the war. 
Sub silentio. In silence. 
Summum bonum. The ciiief good. 
Swum cuique. Let every man have his own. 
Tempora mutantur, et nos mutamur in illis. The times 
change, and we change with them. 
Toties quoties. As often as. 
Vade mecum. Go with me: a constant companion. 
(Usually applied to a pocket book.) 
Vis inertias. Force or property of inanimate matter. 
Versus or vs. Against. 
Vice versa. The terms or cases being changed. 
Vi et armis. By main force. 
Viz. (videlicet.) Namely. 
Vox et pratmra nihil. A voice and nothing more. 
Vox populi vox Dei. The voice of the people is the 
voice of God. 
STANDING PREMIUMS 
For 1861. Vol. XX. 
tJjp'Tn selecting articles for premiums, we have aimed 
to get such as are useful and as have been most fre¬ 
quently called for by our readers. (^We wish it 
distinctly understood that these premiums are offer¬ 
ed in good faith—no cheap, trashy, imperfect, poorly made 
or second-hand thing, will be sent out, but each article 
offered, is the best of its kind, and every one will be selected 
by the publisher from the very best manufactured. They 
will be the best sold in the market at the prices named. 
83F" We offer nothing for competition. Each premium is 
for a specified number of subscribers, and no one's remuner¬ 
ation will depend upon what other uuknown persons are do¬ 
ing. Every one aiming for a premium, knows just what he 
or she, is working for; and also that if a higher premium is 
not secured, a lower one can be taken. 
IEF“ The premiums are offered for subscribers for Volume 
XX (1861), whenever received. Canvassers will have time 
for completing their lists, but the premium will be paid as 
soon as any list is made up—if duplicate lists are sent, to refer 
to at once. iW Clubs need not be confined to one P. O. 
Premium A. 
130 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (or 90 at $1 each,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of Wheeler ifc 
Wilson's best $45 Sewing Machines, (including 
Hemmns) new from the factory, and of the very best 
make. There is no better family machine than tliis made, 
as we have proved by three years’ use in our own 
family. We want no better.—The machines will be selected 
new at the manufactory, be well boxed, and forwarded with¬ 
out expense to the recipient, except for freight charges after 
leaving the city. Full instructions for setting up and using, 
go with each machine. 
Premium Sg. 
130 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (or 90 at $1 each,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to a set of Appleton's 
New American Cyclopaedia, now in course of 
publication, consisting of fifteen large volumes of 770 pages 
each. This is a magnificent work, forming a whole library 
embracing every topic of human knowledge. Eleven vol¬ 
umes are now ready, anti the remaining four will be fur¬ 
nished as fast as issued. Price, $45. 
Premium C. 
98 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (or 69 at $1 each,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of Willcox & 
Gibbs’ $35 Sewing Machines, including a set of 
Hemmerg. This is the best machine of its kind, (sewing 
with one thread), and has several points superior to others. 
It is neat, well made, simple in its operation; and having test¬ 
ed one for some time past in our own family, we can recom¬ 
mend it to those who can not afford to buy the higher priced 
double-thread machines. (The regular price of this machine 
is $30, but we have included in our offer $3 extra for the set 
of Ilemmers, because those used with this machine are very 
simple and effective, and should go With every one sent out.) 
The machines given as premiums, will be selected new at the 
factory, be well boxed, and will be forwarded to the recip¬ 
ient free of expense, except for freight after leaving the 
city. They will go out set up ready for use, with printed 
directions for operating. 
Premium B. 
65 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (cr 32 at $i ea<Ji,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of tile New 
$10 Wringing Machines, described on page 247 of the 
August Agriculturist. This is oue of the best labor-saving 
inventions of the day, and we unhesitatingly say that it will 
pay to have one to assist in the washing of every family, 
even if of only moderate size. IVe would not take $50 for 
our machine, if another could not be purchased. 
Premium E. 
45 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (or 20 at $1 each,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of Kendall's 
Aneroid. Barometers, described on page 232 of the 
August Agriculturist. This is a good portable instrument-, 
and valuable to every person as a weather guide, as well as 
for scientific purposes. (New price $7.50.) 
Premium JF. 
50 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (or 26 at $1 each,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of the best 
$8 Straw and Hay Cutters. (If preferred, the best 
$8 Subsoil Plow (two-horse) will be given.] 
Premium H. 
40 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (or 21 at $1 each,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of the best 
$6X Hand Com Shellers—a convenient, effective, and 
useful implement. 
Premium I. 
30 Subscribers at 80 cents each, (or 1G at $1 each,) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one extra copy of 
Vol. XX, and also to the 4 previous unbound Volumes 
of the American Agriculturist, (16, 17, 18, 19,) sent post-paid. 
Premium ¥4, 
25 Subscribers at 80 cents each, will entitle the person 
getting up the club to an extra copy of Vol. XX, and also to 
any three of the unbound volumes 16, 17,18, and 19 sent post 
paid. 52?“20 Subscribers at SO cents each to an extra copy 
of Vol. XX, and two of those volumes. 15 Subscribers 
at 80 cent eacb, to an extra copy of Vol. XX, and one of the 
previous volumes. 
Premium L. 
20 Subscribers at 80 cents each, will entitle the person get¬ 
ting up the club to an assortment of Windsor & Newton's 
Water Color Paints—consisting of 12 colors, putup in 
a neat mahogany case, with brushes, etc. These Paints are 
imported from London, and are by all considered the best 
in the world. They are adapted to the finest work, or they 
willmakeaneat and appropriate presentto any of ouryoung- 
er readers. They will be sent post-paid any where within 
3000 miles. (If to go to the Britisli Provinces or to the Pa¬ 
cific Coast, the recipient will need to send 84 cents for extra 
postage above the 6 cents per ounce which we pay.) 
Premium M. 
15 Subscribers at SO cents each, will entitle the person get¬ 
ting up the club to an Assortment of Osborne &Hodgkinson's 
Water Color Paints, consisting of 24 colors or shades, 
put up in a mahogany case with brushes, cups, etc. These 
are of American manufacture, and though not so fine as the 
above, they will answer for ordinary practice by children or 
beginners, and for common sketching. They will also he 
sent by mail, post-paid. (If to go to the British Provinces, 
or to the Pacific Coast, $1,05 will need to he sent by the re¬ 
cipient to pay the extra postage above 6 cents per ounce.) 
Premium N. 
10 Subscribers at 80 cents each, will entitle the person get¬ 
ting up the club to any one of the four previous unbound 
volumes (16,17,18, or 19,) sent post-paid. 
Premium O. 
237 Subscribers at 80 cents each (or 135 at $1 each) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of Geo. A. 
Prince & Co.’s $75 Melodeons (5 octaves). These Melo- 
deons are of very superior tone and finish. We have our¬ 
selves used one (costing $150) for two years past, and it has 
given the highest satisfaction, and is pronounced by all who 
have heard it, as one of the very best. The different priced 
instruments are of equally good tone—the price varying with 
the size and style of finish. The size, prices, etc., of these in¬ 
struments can he learned particularly by sending a stamp to 
Geo. A. Prince & Co., Buffalo, N. Y., for an illustrated de¬ 
scriptive catalogue. The instruments given as Premiums, will 
be sent new directly from the factory at Buffalo, ready box¬ 
ed, and without extra expense to the recipient, except for 
freight after leaving the factory. 
US’- The above premium list may be made up by the 
members of a congregation, or Sabbath S.chool, and an in¬ 
strument thus secured for a church or school-room. 
Premium P. 
182 Subscribers at SO cents each (or 105 at $1 each) will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of Geo. A 
P'ince & Co.'s $60 Melodeons (4)5 octaves.) See re 
marks above. 
Premium <1. 
130 Subscribers at 80 cents each (or 90 at $1 each), will 
entitle the person getting up the club to one of Geo. A. 
Prince & Co.’s $45 Melodeons (4 octaves.) See remarks 
above. N. B.—Higher priced Melodeons will be given for 
larger lists, in the same proportion. 
Bools Premiums. 
Valuable Bools Premiums.—Instead of the above 
premiums, any person getting up a club of 20 or more names 
may choose any desired Books from the list (advortised on 
page 350 of Nov. No.) to the amount of 12K cents for each 
nameforwarded at 80 cents, (or 32)5 cents for each name sen*, 
at $1,) and the books will be sent post-paid. (If to go over 
3000 miles, the recipient will need to send 20 cents for extra 
postage on each dollar’s worth of books.) B®“Persons mak¬ 
ing up a club for any of the above premiums, and getting 
some names over the required amount, will be entitled t« 
books for tlie surplus names. 
