1877.] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
165 
drying. For a small place there are a number of 
dwarf sorts that may be used with fine effect. See 
catalogues. For screens or wind-breaks, Norway 
spruce and ArborVitse are cheap and certain to grow. 
Boses need attention as soon as growth begins. 
For the Aphis or Green Fly, syringe with tobacco 
water, or use the “ dust ” or sweepings of tobacco 
warehouses, sprinkling it freely while the dew is 
on. For the Rose-slug, whale oil soap is an old 
remedy. We are told that White Hellebore, used 
for currant worms (see “ Kitchfen Garden ”) is ef¬ 
fective. Where the bushes are few, the slugs may 
be jarred off early in the morning, and killed. 
Rose-bugs, which spoil the swelling bud, can only 
be shaken off. Catch in a dish of water to which 
some kerosene is added, and kill. Roses may still 
be planted. They can hardly be overfed with ma¬ 
nure, when well established. 
Grecnhoiiisc and Window Plants. 
These are apt to be neglected in the press of out¬ 
door work. Window plants of the hardier kinds, 
that are not to go into the ground, may be set in 
the veranda, or other summer location. They will 
need care as to watering, and those making their 
growth should be shaped by pinching and pruning. 
In the Greenhouse fire-heat will be needed only 
in cold storms ; have the fire laid and ready for 
lighting when needed. Shading must be applied to 
the glass, common whitewash answering as well as 
any preparation. If put on by spattering with the 
brush, a partial shading will be secured, which may 
be increased as the sun’s heat gets stronger. 
Ventilate freely, and remove the hardier plants 
that are to go out during the summer. Many plants 
do quite as well if left in the house, and it is less 
the custom than formerly to strip the houses of 
plants. Those that are left will require extra care 
in watering and keeping free from insects. 
Camellias and other thick-leaved evergreens 
should be set out in a shady place, but not under the 
drip of trees. Where there are many, a roof of lattice, 
of strips an inch wide and as much apart, may be 
made to set them under. Set the pots on boards 
or a layer of coal ashes, to keep out worms. Water 
and shade the pots from the sun. 
Plunging is done with many summer-blooming 
greenhouse plants, and they serve to decorate the 
borders. Make a hole large enough for the pot, 
and put a layer of coal ashes at the bottom. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
from our daily record during the year, show at'a glance 
the transactions for the month ending April 12th, 1877, 
and for the corresponding month last year: 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TUB NKW YORK MARK RTS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat, Corn. Hue. Harley. Oats. 
26 d’s this m*th265,000 289,00(1 1,711,000 47,000 304,000 674,000 
23 (l’s last m’tli239,000 263,000 1,401,000 69,000 194,000 613,000 
Sai.hs. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Hye. Harley. Oats. 
26 d’s this nrtli334,000 1,265,000 2,307,000 53,000 257,000 896,000 
23 d’s last m’tli227,000 634,000 1,931,000 98,000 246,000 771,000 
!i. Comparison with, smite period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
26 days 1877..265,000 289,000 1,711,000 47,000 304,000 674,000 
27 days 1876. .281,000 1,062,000 437,000 31,000 198,000 783,000 
Sai.es. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Hye. Barley. Oats. 
26 days 1877 .331,000 1,265,000 2,307,000 53,000 257,000 896,000 
27 days 1876. .329,000 2,014,000 891,000 68,000 264,000 971,0.0 
3. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Malt. 
bush. lmsli. bnsli. bush. bush. bush. 
Apr. 10,1877. .1,782,911 1,035,654 240,423 320,331 606.639 311,032 
Mar. 5, 1877. .2,730,641 1,711,095 288,895 513,826 822.625 335,208 
Feb. 7, 1877. .3,083,819 2,302,261 374,142 671.114 956,114 388.605 
Jan. 8, 1877.-3,668,010 3,077,504 341,750 905,615 1,088,104 425,406 
Dec. 11,1876. .3,110,283 3,385,554 218.841 873,310 1,182,322 512,041 
Aug. 7, 1870. .2,831,299 904,557 94,960 53,914 1,232.895 434,208 
Apr. 10,1876..3,393,074 232,140 68,429 200,381 706,282 436,942 
•Ian. 10, 1876..5,802,293 663,982 100,741 325,191 1,0S0,300 307,438 
4. Exportsfrom New York, Jan. i, to April L2. 
Four. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. Peas. 
hbls. hush. bush. bush. hush. bush, hush 
1877.. . .357,887 2,093,192 4.275.668 378,689 121,229 48,491115,211 
1876.. . .569,514 4,994,177 3,668,928 43,320 - 63394 258351 
Gold has been up to 106, and down to 104%, closing 
April 12, at 105%, as against 104% on March 12; 106 on 
Jan. 12; 107% on Dec. 12,1876, and 113 on the 12th of 
Anvil. 1376... The encouraging feature of business, this 
month, in the Produce line, is the notable advance in 
Breadstuffs, under the influence of the light offerings 
here and in the interior, the much more favorable foreign 
market advices, the decidedly active inquiry for sup¬ 
plies (largely for export), and toward the close the re¬ 
ports and rumors as to the probabilities of a great war 
in Europe, which quickened demand on the later days of 
the month under review, and led to a sharp rise in values, 
especially of Spring Wheat,, mixed Western Corn (for 
prompt and forward delivery), and prime Rye, afloat. 
The dealings in Corn on Wednesday, April 11th, reached 
the very "large aggregate of 650,000 bushels, about half of 
which amount was for April and May deliveries. Oats 
have found a very ready sale to the local jobbers, toward 
the close, at advancing prices. The whole position of 
the Breadstuff trade is deemed much more satisfactory, 
and the outlook quite encouraging. Of the purchases 
near the close were about 2,000 bbis. State Superfine Rye 
Flour, good to choice, at $4.90@$5.10, for shipment to 
Antwerp, the first important export movement reported 
in this article for a long time past... .Provisions have 
been fairly active, but unsettled and lower as to values, 
closing, however, more steadily.... Cotton has receded 
materially in price, under free offerings, and a less confi¬ 
dent demand... .Wool has been less sought after, and 
quoted weaker, and at the close generally heavy_To¬ 
bacco, Hops, Hay, and Seeds, have been in moderate re¬ 
quest at the ruling figures... .Ocean Grain Freights have 
been depressed and irregular, but closing somewhat 
stronger....Grain rates by steam to Liverpool closed on 
the 12th of April at 5<f., having rallied from 4 d.; to Glas¬ 
gow at 6 d. ; to London at 6 %d.; to Liverpool, by sail at 
5d.; London, by sail, 5%(2>6<f. per bushel. Provisions by 
steam to Liverpool, 17s. 6<f.i®22s. Gel. per ton ; Cotton by 
sail and steam at <pib. Grain, by sail, for Cork and 
orders, at 4s.3tf.@As.9tf. per quarter. 
ii* 
Current Wuoi.ksai.k Prices. 
Mar. 12. Apr. 12. 
Price op Gold. . 104 5-8 105 7-f 
Flour—S uper to Extra Stale $5 85 @ 6 25 $6 25 (a. 7 ’ 
Super to Extra Southern_ 5 45 to 9 00 6 40 @ 9 ’ 
Extra Western. 5 55 @10 75 6 85 @11 ( 
Extra Genesee. 6 25 @ 7 35 7 75 ® 8 ’ 
Superfine Western . 5 35 @ 5 75 6 25 @ 6 ! 
It ye Flour . 2 75 @ r> 00 3 00 @ 5 : 
Oorn-Mkai. 2 65 TO 3 25 2 65 @ 3 ! 
Wheat—A ll Kinds ot White, 1 45 @ 1 60 1 60 @ 1 i 
All kinds ol Red and Amber. 1 05 w 1 60 1 25 @ 1 1 
Corn—Y ellow. 56 @ 58 57 @ I 
Mixed. 54 @ 5S% 57 @ ( 
White. 57 @ 60 57 @ I 
Oats-W estern. 37%@ 48 42 @ 1 
State. 48 @ 56 52 @ I 
ItYB. 81 @ 91 85 @ ! 
Baulky . 57%@ 1 05 57%@ 1 I 
Barley Malt. 65 @ I 25 65 @ 1 ‘. 
May—B ale, io 100 Its . 65 @ 1 00 65 @ 1 I 
Straw, V 100 Its. 50 to 80 50 @ 
Cotton— Middlings. * It 12%@ 12% 11%@ 
Hons—Crop of 1876, 9 It. 7 @ 17 8 @ 
old, ?! It. 4 @ 12 4 @ 
Feathers— Live Geese, It 45 @ 55 
Seed—C lover, V It . 14%@ 16 
Timothy. i9 bushel .. . 1 90 @ 2 05 1 
Flax. $1 bushel. 1 70 @ 1 75 1 
Sugar— Befi’g& Grocery 10It 8%@ 10% 
Molasses. Cuba, ftgnl.50test 39 @ 40 
New Orleans, new crop,$ gal 40 @ 56 
Coffee—U io(Gold). 17 @ 20% 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &C..1RIt. 5 @ 8 
Seed Leaf, ^8 It 4«@ 50 
Wool— Domestic Fleece, It SO @ 52% 
Domestic, pulled. 19 It. 20 @ 45 
California, spring clip,. 15 @ 30 
California full clip. 12 @ 23 
Tallow, V It . 7%@ 8% 
Oil-Cake— ton. — @34 00 33 
Pork—M ess, 19 barrel . 14 75 @ — 15 
Prime, 19 barrel . 12 00 @ — 11 
Bref—P lain mess. 10 50 @12 00 10 
La ri), in tres. & hbls, 19 100 Bn 9 50 @10 12% 9 
Butter—S tate. 19 It. 18 @ 32 
Western, poor to fancy, 19 It. 12 @ 32 
Cheese. . . .. . 6%@ 16% 
Beans— 19 bushel. 1 50 @ 3 25 1 
Peas—C anada, free. 19 bush.. 1 07 @1 10 
Eggs—F resh, # dozen _ 15%@ 17% 
Poultry—F owls & Chickens 10 @ 14 
Turkeys—19 It. 5 @ 14 
Geese, 19 pair. 1 25 @ 2 00 1 
Geese, $ it. 7 @ 10 
Ducks, ?! pair. 55 @ 1 25 
$lb. 
Roosters, 1? It. 6 @ 8 
Capons, ?! It.. — @ — 
Ducks. Wild, pair. 80 @2 00 
Pigeons, wild, $ dozen. 75 @165 1 
Squabs, per dozen . — @ — 3 
Plover, doz. — @ — l 
Snipe, per doz. — @ — 
Turnips $1 hid. 50 @ 75 
Cars VGES-19 100. — @ — 5 
Onions—^ bbl. 2 75 @ 4 50 3 
Lettuce, ?! bbl. — @ — 1 
Potatoes— 1R bbl. 2 7". @3 6.'% 2 
new, Bermuda. 6 00 @ 7 00 8 
Swf.kt Potatoes— 1 19 bbl. 2 00 @ 4 50 3 
Spinach, $ bbl. 2 00 @ 2 25 2 
Tomatoes, new Bermuda, bx 1 25 @1 75 1 
Beets, 19 crate. — @ — 2 
Radishes. 19 10(1 bunches_ — @ — 1 
Asparagus, 9 doz. bunches. — @ — 
Broom-corn. 3 @ 7 
Green Peas, 9 crate. — @ — 2 
Cranberries—?! crate. — @ — 
Apples— 19 barrel. 1 25 @ 2 00 1 
SQUASH. ?! bbl. 1 25 & 1 75 1 
Peanuts, domestic, ?! bush.. — @ — 85 @ 1 25 
42%@ ■ 
14 @ 
85 @ 2 i 
7%@ 
00 @ • 
CO @15 : 
10 @ ! 
6%@ 
50 @ 3 I 
— 18 @ 
@ 
TO 
® 
® 3 ! 
@ 3 ! 
@ 9 ( 
@ 5 ( 
00 @ 3 ( 
50 @ 3 ( 
62%@ 1 I 
3%@ 
(ill @ 4 I 
50 @ 2 1 
50 @ 3 1 
"5 ffl 3 ( 
New York Live-Stock markets. 
llECEIPTS. 
week ending Beenes. Cows. 
Mar. 19.10,627 42 
Mar. 26. 11,125 86 
Apr. 2 . 9,069 77 
Apr. 9. 9,257 61 
Teital for 4 Weeks .40,078 256 
Ao.forprev.i Weeks%l,‘2Nl 449 
Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
1,284 20,081 21,952 
1,199 24,357 19,526 
2 ,204 23,063 22,663 
6,309 84,900 82,844 
3,338 72,741 70,201 
Beeves. Caws. Calves. Sheen. Swine. 
Average per Week . 10,019 66 1,577 21,225 20,711 
do. do. last Month .. 8.582 112 834 18,185 17,550 
do. do, prev's Month,, 9,337 106 737 22,103 20,347 
The prices for the past four weeks were as follows: 
week ending Range. Large Sales. Aver. 
Mar. 19. 9 @12%c. 10 @U%c. 10%c. 
Mar. 26. 8%@12%c. 9%@Il%c. 10%c. 
Apr. 2. 8%@12%c. 9%@11 c. 10%O. 
Apr. 9. 9%@12%C. 9%@11%C. 10%c. 
Beeves.— With over 10,000 of the best cattle taken 
out of the market for export to England, we have still 
had but a dull and drooping market. What would have 
happened had these 10,000 head been added to the 30,()00 
sold, it is impossible to say, but no one doubts that the 
bottom would have dropped entirely out of the market. 
The foreign export now saves the live stock trade from 
utter disaster. Nothing is more certain than that. The 
whole month's business has been far from lively, and 
the advance of ^c. (p lb the first week, was more than 
lost immediately, and was not recovered at the close, 
when fair native steers, 56 lb to the cwt., sold for 10@ 
lOJc. 73 lb ; good cattle brought 10f@llic., and really 
prime beasts, of which there were plenty, ll@lHc. No 
extra cattle sold for over 12£c. fl lb, estimated 58 lb to 
the cwt_ Cows. —The market has ruled dull all 
through the month. Strange to say, although the Board 
of Health has, by numerous successful prosecutions, 
compelled milkmen to sell milk without mixture of wa¬ 
ter, yet the demand for cows has fallen off. A large sup¬ 
ply of country milk keeps the trade in city milk at low 
water. By and by it may turn out that the city “ Orange 
Co.” dairies based largely on swill, may need no more 
cows, “ a consummation devoutly to be wished.” Few 
cows have brought as much as $60, the range has been 
$40 to $50 for common, to $55@$65 for good to extra.... 
Calves.— Weakness has afflicted the veal market. The 
supply has been too great for the demand, and 7c. is ihe 
limit offered by butchers for the best. Poor little veals 
from a week old upwards, and of the “hob” character, 
have sold in large numbers at $3@$4 each. Fair veals 
have brought 6@6£c. lb, and the best, picked lots occa- 
sionly have gone as high as 7ic. f) lb live weight_ 
Sheep and Lambs,-Trade has been slow and easy 
for all except the best fat sheep, which have been picked 
up freely for shipment, 2,000 head thus went in the last 
week. Most of the business was done at 5J@6ic. 73 lb 
for ordinary, 6i@7c. for good and the best, a lot of 131- 
lb fat sheep, very fine, from Steuben Co., N. Y., brought 
8ic. 73 B) live weight_Swine.—There is nothing 
worthy of note in hogs, except that live Ohio hogs, 184 
B>s., sold the last week for 5fc. 73 ®, and city dressed at 
7@7fc.—small pigs brought 7£c. 
Prices of Feed. 
Bran, per ton.$18.00@S20.00 
Middlings, per ton. 19.00@ 21.00 
Ground Feed, per ton. 15.00® 21.00 
Linseed-oil-cake, western, per ton. 44.00® 47.00 
Cotton-seed-cake, per ton. 25.50® 40.00 
Chandler’s Scraps, per ft. 8@ 4 
Prices of Fertilizers. 
No.l.Peruv.GnanolO p.ct. ammonia, standard, ?! ton..$56.50 
do. do. guaranteed,?! ton, cargo C 56.00 
do do. rectified, per ton, 10 p. c.. 66.50 
Mapes’ Complete Manure (Ville formula) p. 1,000 lbs 20.14 
•• Potato do do do do 25.97 
“ Turnip do do do do 19.86 
“ Fine Bone, strictly pure.per ton 40.00 
“ Dissolved Bone, 15 per cent. do 40.00 
Quinnipiac Fertilizer Co’s. Phosphate, per ton.. 40.00 
“ “ Dry g’d Fish Guano, ton 9 p. c. am’a 42.00 
“ “ Pine Island Guano, per ton. 42.00 
Stockbridge Corn Manure, (Boston) per acre... 22.00 
“ Potato do do do 12.00 
“ Tobacco do do do 60.00 
Bowker’s Hill and Drill Fertilizer, per ton. 45.00 
German Potash Salts. (25@35 per cent), per ton. 20.00 
Gvpsum, Nova Scotia, ground, per ton. 8.00 
Nitrate of Potash (95 per cent.), per lb. 9%c. 
Sulphate of Potash (80 per cent) per lb. 4 e. 
Chloride of Potass.tmuriate of potash, 80p.c.), lb 2%c.@ 3 c. 
Nitrate of Soda, per lb. 4%c.@ 4%c. 
Sulphate of Ammonia (25 per cent.), per lb_ 5 c.® 5%e. 
Dried Blood or Dried Meat per unit of ammonia.$3.00® $ 4.00 
Artificial Fertilizers—What Farmers are 
Doing. 
Probably never, since artificial fertilizers were known, 
have they been used so intelligently as they are being, 
and will be applied this year, and it is safe to say that 
more will be added to the general knowledge in relation 
to these fertilizers than ever before. The American 
Agriculturist can fairly take to itself a good share of the 
credit in producing this state of affairs, as nowhere else 
has the matter of fertilizers been more thoroughly dis¬ 
cussed, and the principles upon which they should be 
used more clearly explained, than in these columns. 
Especially have the articles of Prof. Atwater, seconded 
by those of the Editors, pointed out to farmers the only 
way in which they can learn the deficiencies of their 
soils -by experiment; they have given the constituents 
of plant food most likely to be lacking, and indicated 
the most economical and available sources whence these 
can be obtained. It has been shown that it is a waste 
of money to apply a complete manure, when potash only 
is needed, and that it is equally useless to add ammonia 
when the one thing needed for a paying crop is phos¬ 
phoric acid. Farmers, and cultivators generally, have 
made an important step in learning that there is no more 
one universal fertilizer, than there is a universal remedy 
